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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2012

Non-contact fluid characterization in containers using ultrasonic waves

Apparatus and method for non-contact (stand-off) ultrasonic determination of certain characteristics of fluids in containers or pipes are described. A combination of swept frequency acoustic interferometry (SFAI), wide-bandwidth, air-coupled acoustic transducers, narrowband frequency data acquisition, and data conversion from the frequency domain to the time domain, if required, permits meaningful information to be extracted from such fluids.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2020

A pixel detector ROIC with a 3-bit, 40 Msps synchronous ADC per pixel for HL LHC

The prototype Fermi Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Pixel (FCP130), manufactured in a 130 nm process, is a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) designed for the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. It employs a synchronous analog to digital converter (ADC) for the front-end design, with signal processing and data conversion within a single bunch crossing of 25 ns. It is therefore capable of accurately detecting hits occurring in consecutive bunch crossings, without off-time registration of events, making it particularly suitable for the inner most layers of the vertex detector. The ROIC consists of a matrix of 48 × 160 pixels, each 100 × 30 μm2 in size. Each pixel contains a charge sensitive preamplifier with self-biasing leakage current compensation, eight auto-zero comparators and a Gray code encoder for a 3-bit flash-type ADC. The total power consumption is approximately 24 μW per pixel. The measured noise at the output of all the hit comparators across the ROIC is < 80 e- with threshold dispersion < 110 e-RMS, which allows an in-time threshold setting of ~ 1000 e-.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

In-Pixel Readout IC with compact in-pixel ADC for Pixel detectors at HL LHC

The prototype Smart Pixel concept test chip (SP28), designed in a CMOS 28 nm bulk process, is a proof of concept readout integrated circuit (ROIC) designed for a future Phase III High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. It employs a synchronous analog to digital converter (ADC) for the front-end design, with signal processing and data conversion within a single bunch crossing of 25 ns. It is therefore capable of accurately detecting hits occurring in consecutive bunch crossings, without off-time registration of events and pileup insensitivity, making it particularly suitable for the inner most layers of the vertex detector. The ROIC consists of a matrix of 32 × 16 pixels, each 25 × 25 µm 2 in size. Each pixel contains a charge sensitive preamplifer with leakage current compensation, three auto-zero comparators for a 2-bit fash-type ADC. The total power consumption is approximately 5 µW per pixel. The measured noise at the output of all the hit comparators across the ROIC is < 90 e- with threshold dispersion < 45 e-RMS, which allows an in-time threshold setting of ≈ 475 e-.

Parpillon, Benjamin↗
DOE OSTI2025

Dynamic in-context learning with conversational models for data extraction and materials property prediction

The advent of natural language processing and large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the extraction of data from unstructured scholarly papers. However, ensuring data trustworthiness remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we introduce PropertyExtractor, an open-source tool that leverages advanced conversational LLMs such as Google gemini-pro and OpenAI gpt-4, blends zero-shot with few-shot in-context learning, and employs engineered prompts for the dynamic refinement of structured information hierarchies—enabling autonomous, efficient, scalable, and accurate identification, extraction, and verification of material property data. Our tests on material data demonstrate precision and recall that exceed 95% with an error rate of ∼9%, highlighting the effectiveness and versatility of the toolkit. Finally, databases for 2D material thicknesses, a critical parameter for device integration, and energy bandgap values are developed using PropertyExtractor. In particular, for the thickness database, the rapid evolution of the field has outpaced both experimental measurements and computational methods, creating a significant data gap. Our work addresses this gap and showcases the potential of PropertyExtractor as a reliable and efficient tool for the autonomous generation of various material property databases, advancing the field.

Ekuma, Chinedu E. (ORCID:0000000258527556)↗
NASA NTRS1976

Insolation data for solar energy conversion derived from satellite measurements of earth radiance

Detailed knowledge of the irradiance of the sun at ground locations is essential for the design and evaluation of solar energy conversion systems. The primary source of such data is the global network of weather stations. Such stations are often too far apart and for most locations the data available are only daily total irradiance or monthly averages. Solar energy conversion programs require insolation data with considerably higher geographical and temporal resolution. Meteorological satellites gather routinely extensive data on the energy reflected and scattered into space by the earth-atmosphere system. A program has been initiated to use such data for deriving ground insolation for energy conversion. Some of the preliminary results of this program will be discussed.

Thekaekara, M. P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Generation and physical characteristics of the ERTS MSS system corrected computer compatible tapes

The generation and format are discussed of the ERTS system corrected multispectral scanner computer compatible tapes. The discussion includes spacecraft sensors, scene characteristics, data transmission, and conversion of data to computer compatible tapes at the NASA Data Processing Facility. Geometeric and radiometric corrections, tape formats, and the physical characteristics of the tapes are also included.

Thomas, V. L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Analog-to-binary conversion of video data

Accurate and controllable technique for converting television information to binary form has been developed for systems requiring video signals to be used with automatic data-processing equipment. High-speed comparator circuit ignores out-of-focus features and is insensitive to overall brightness changes in picture.

Acuna, M. H.↗
NASA NTRS1999

Development and Performance of the ACTS High Speed VSAT

The Advanced Communication Technology Satellite (ACTS), developed by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has demonstrated the breakthrough technologies of Ka-band, spot beam antennas, and on-board processing. These technologies have enabled the development of very small aperture terminals (VSAT) and ultra-small aperture terminals (USAT) which have capabilities greater than were previously possible with conventional satellite technologies. However, the ACTS baseband processor (BBP) is designed using a time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme, which requires each earth station using the BBP to transmit data at a burst rate which is much higher than the user throughput data rate. This tends to mitigate the advantage of the new technologies by requiring a larger earth station antenna and/or a higher-powered uplink amplifier than would be necessary for a continuous transmission at the user data rate. Conversely, the user data rate is much less than the rate that can be supported by the antenna size and amplifier. For example, the ACTS TI VSAT operates at a burst rate of 27.5 Mbps, but the maximum user data rate is 1.792 Mbps. The throughput efficiency is slightly more than 6.5%. For an operational network, this level of overhead will greatly increase the cost of the user earth stations, and that increased cost must be repeated thousands of times, which may ultimately reduce the market for such a system. The ACTS High Speed VSAT (HS VSAT) is an effort to experimentally demonstrate the maximum user throughput data rate which can be achieved using the technologies developed and implemented on ACTS. Specifically, this was done by operating the system uplinks as frequency division multiple access (FDMA), essentially assigning all available TDMA time slots to a single user on each of two uplink frequencies. Preliminary results show that using a 1.2-m antenna in this mode, the HS VSAT can achieve between 22 and 24 Mbps out of the 27.5 Mbps burst rate, for a throughput efficiency of 80-88%. This paper describes the modifications made to the TI VSAT to enable it to operate at high speed, including hardware considerations, interface modifications, and software modifications. In addition, it describes the results of NASA HS VSAT experiments, continuing work on an improved user interface, and plans for future experiments.

Quintana, J.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Hanford Site Composite Analysis Data Package: Exposure Scenarios and Radionuclide Specific Dose Conversion Factors

This data package summarizes the exposure assumptions, equations, and methods used to calculate radionuclide-specific unit dose factors and the radiological doses for both groundwater and atmospheric pathways as a part of the updated Hanford Site Composite Analysis (CA). An All Pathways Representative Person exposure scenario is considered to evaluate exposure via both groundwater and atmospheric transport pathways. The radiological dose assessments for both groundwater and atmospheric pathways are included in the performance assessments (PAs) for various Waste Management Areas at the Hanford Site. This data package calculates exposure route-specific and total unit dose factors for CA-specific radionuclides of concern based on the exposure assumptions used in the CA and PAs. This data package also presents the results and comparison of the radionuclide-specific unit dose factors based on the exposure assumptions used in the revised Hanford Site Composite Analysis and Hanford Site performance assessments for low-level waste disposal facilities.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Hanford Site Composite Analysis Data Package: Exposure Scenarios and Radionuclide Specific Dose Conversion Factors.

This data package summarizes the exposure assumptions, equations, and methods used to calculate radionuclide-specific unit dose factors and the radiological doses for both groundwater and atmospheric pathways as a part of the revised Hanford Site Composite Analysis. An All-Pathways Representative Person exposure scenario is considered to evaluate exposure via both groundwater and atmospheric transport pathways. The radiological dose assessments for both groundwater and atmospheric pathways are included in the performance assessments for various Waste Management Areas at the Hanford Site. This data package calculates exposure route-specific and total unit dose factors for composite-analysis-specific radionuclides of concern based on the exposure assumptions used in the composite analysis and performance assessments. This data package presents the results and comparison of the radionuclide-specific unit dose factors based on the exposure assumptions used in the revised composite analysis and various performance assessments.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
NASA NTRS2015

NASA Data Acquisition System Software Development for Rocket Propulsion Test Facilities

Current NASA propulsion test facilities include Stennis Space Center in Mississippi, Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, Plum Brook Station in Ohio, and White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. Within and across these centers, a diverse set of data acquisition systems exist with different hardware and software platforms. The NASA Data Acquisition System (NDAS) is a software suite designed to operate and control many critical aspects of rocket engine testing. The software suite combines real-time data visualization, data recording to a variety formats, short-term and long-term acquisition system calibration capabilities, test stand configuration control, and a variety of data post-processing capabilities. Additionally, data stream conversion functions exist to translate test facility data streams to and from downstream systems, including engine customer systems. The primary design goals for NDAS are flexibility, extensibility, and modularity. Providing a common user interface for a variety of hardware platforms helps drive consistency and error reduction during testing. In addition, with an understanding that test facilities have different requirements and setups, the software is designed to be modular. One engine program may require real-time displays and data recording; others may require more complex data stream conversion, measurement filtering, or test stand configuration management. The NDAS suite allows test facilities to choose which components to use based on their specific needs. The NDAS code is primarily written in LabVIEW, a graphical, data-flow driven language. Although LabVIEW is a general-purpose programming language; large-scale software development in the language is relatively rare compared to more commonly used languages. The NDAS software suite also makes extensive use of a new, advanced development framework called the Actor Framework. The Actor Framework provides a level of code reuse and extensibility that has previously been difficult to achieve using LabVIEW. The

Herbert, Phillip W., Sr.↗
DOE OSTI2013

Well Log ETL tool

This is an executable python script which offers two different conversions for well log data: 1) Conversion from a BoreholeLASLogData.xls model to a LAS version 2.0 formatted XML file. 2) Conversion from a LAS 2.0 formatted XML file to an entry in the WellLog Content Model. Example templates for BoreholeLASLogData.xls and WellLogsTemplate.xls can be found in the package after download.

Good, Jessica↗
DOE OSTI2013

Well Log ETL tool

This is an executable python script which offers two different conversions for well log data: 1) Conversion from a BoreholeLASLogData.xls model to a LAS version 2.0 formatted XML file. 2) Conversion from a LAS 2.0 formatted XML file to an entry in the WellLog Content Model. Example templates for BoreholeLASLogData.xls and WellLogsTemplate.xls can be found in the package after download.

Good, Jessica↗
NASA NTRS1987

A gridding approach to detect patterns of change in coastal wetlands from digital data

The conversion of land to water or water to land in the Grand Bayou wetlands area from 1972 to 1981 is evaluated on the basis of Landsat MSS band 2 and 4 images. A postclassification (land vs water) procedure is employed, and grids 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 pixels square are superimposed on the classified data in an effort to reduce the effects of poor georegistration of the images (simulated by shifting one set of grids two pixels vertically and horizontally). The results are presented in tables, maps, and sample images and characterized in detail. Grids 5 or 10 pixels square are found to give percentage land/water change values and locations similar to those obtained in pixel-by-pixel analysis of nearly perfectly matched images.

Pelletier, R. E.↗