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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Implementing One Sided Partitioned Communication in Open MPI

This report introduces partitioned communication, a new MPI 4.0 interface that enables early bird communication by overlapping communication and computation. By partitioning messages into smaller sub-messages, MPI can start partial data transfers early. Performance studies show that the RMA implementation outperforms the Persistent implementation, despite some constraints. This report details a new opt-in RMA implementation, offering a high-performance option for partitioned communication that imposes some additional limitations.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2025

A New Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication System: Visual-Enhanced Cooperative Traffic Operations

The advent of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) has highlighted the necessity for robust communication systems between vehicles and their environment. This study introduces a novel vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system, termed the Visual-Enhanced Cooperative Traffic Operations (VECTOR) system. The VECTOR system addresses the need for robust communication by converting dynamic data (including velocity and yaw angle data) into binary code, which is displayed on an LED panel mounted on the top of the vehicle. Following vehicles detect this panel and decode the information using a camera, implementing a visual-based communication method. VECTOR system employs a comprehensive five-module process. Initially, polynomial fitting techniques are applied to velocity data over fixed time intervals using third-degree polynomials, with validation via R² and MSE metrics. The second module converts velocity and yaw angle data into binary form, thereby enhancing detection and processing efficiency. The third module focuses on improving detection stability across various environmental conditions to enhance traffic safety. The fourth module decodes the binary data back into trajectory information, ensuring the fidelity of velocity and yaw angles. The final module integrates eco-control through the VECTOR system, employing advanced control algorithms to minimize energy consumption in CAVs. Experimental evaluations conducted using a modified CAV test platform based on the Lincoln MKZ demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the VECTOR system, achieving a 75% R-squared accuracy rate in replicating original velocity data. This methodology not only highlights potential applications but also underscores significant implications for advancing CAV technology.

Ma, Ke↗
DOE OSTI2022

GASNet-EX RMA Communication Performance on Recent Supercomputing Systems

Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming models, typified by systems such as Unified Parallel C (UPC) and Fortran coarrays, expose one-sided Remote Memory Access (RMA) communication as a key building block for High Performance Computing (HPC) applications. Architectural trends in supercomputing make such programming models increasingly attractive, and newer, more sophisticated models such as UPC++, Legion and Chapel that rely upon similar communication paradigms are gaining popularity. GASNet-EX is a portable, open-source, high-performance communication library designed to efficiently support the networking requirements of PGAS runtime systems and other alternative models in emerging exascale machines. The library is an evolution of the popular GASNet communication system, building upon 20 years of lessons learned. We present microbenchmark results which demonstrate the RMA performance of GASNet-EX is competitive with MPI implementations on four recent, high-impact, production HPC systems. These results are an update relative to previously published results on older systems. The networks measured here are representative of hardware currently used in six of the top ten fastest supercomputers in the world, and all of the exascale systems on the U.S. DOE road map.

Hargrove, Paul H↗
DOE OSTI2020

Device and method for detecting presence of a wireless communication device

A device and method for detecting presence of a wireless communication device having an antenna with intrinsic characteristics includes a transmitter, a receiver, a memory element, and a processing element. The transmitter may send a first signal to the antenna of the wireless communication device. The receiver may receive a second signal from the antenna of the wireless communication device, the second signal being a first portion of the first signal that is reflected by the antenna based on intrinsic characteristics of the antenna. The memory element may store intrinsic characteristic information for the antenna. The processing element may determine presence of the wireless communication device by analyzing the second signal against the intrinsic characteristic information stored in the memory element.

Allnutt, Daniel↗
DOE OSTI2020

Interactive Visualizations for Communicating Compliance and Sustainability Statements in Annual Site Environmental Reports - 20419

The annual reports of organizations are a recurring type of public disclosure that communicates what an organization has done and/or plans to do. Worldwide, organizations use annual reports as powerful instruments for communication that is rich in narrative content and visuals. From the perspective of the leadership of an organization, statutory annual reports are communication devices to stakeholders. By analogy, from the perspective of stakeholders, the annual reports are learning devices that presents stakeholders with contents to generate knowledge about an organization. We have chosen the online accessible U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Annual Site Environmental Reports (ASERs) as a collection of resources for communicating and learning the environmental management strategies on environmental compliance and environmental sustainability. Environmental Compliance 'consists of regulatory compliance and monitoring programs that implement federal, state, and local requirements, agreements, and permits.' Environmental Sustainability 'promotes and integrates initiatives such as energy and natural resource conservation, waste minimization, green remediation, and the use of sustainable products and services.' Interactive visualizations of textual data designed with visual analytics software can allow stakeholders to interact with statements on the environmental management strategies by performing diverse actions that promote learning. These actions include annotating, comparing, filtering, navigating, selecting and sharing relevant statements. We expect that the possibility of these multiple actions in an interactive manner help stakeholders to learn more effectively about the environmental strategies at U.S. DOE sites. The current case study for the project is a collection of 1,894 annotated (value-added) statements (sentence text) from the eight chapters of the 2017 Savanah River Site (SRS) annual site environmental report. The preliminary interactive visualizations are available online. (authors)

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

CommAwareNet: Towards Communication‐Aware Smart Facilities: Designing an Energy‐Efficient High‐Data‐Rate and Reliable Hybrid THz/VLC Comm. Arch. Reinforced with Intelligent Surfaces for Future Network

This project will develop foundations for energy-efficient, high-data-rate, and reliable communication links for next-generation advanced wireless technologies. The Internet of Everything is emerging as a major technology that can establish a massively connected network among both human-type users and machine-type devices. Particularly, massive machine-type communication is becoming the dominant communication paradigm for numerous emerging areas, including data center networking and wireless backhaul, healthcare (e-health), manufacturing (industry 4.0), utilities, transportation (connected cars and public safety), and virtual or augmented reality for human-machine interaction applications. The rising demand for high data rates, especially in indoor scenarios and densely populated outdoor environments, will eventually overload conventional RF-based technologies. This project aims to conduct fundamental research to design, optimize, and validate a communication-aware, energy-efficient, and reliable network (CommAwareNet) architecture for future smart facilities and environments that require unprecedented high throughput needs for massive numbers of the machine- and human-type users. The scientific and technical merit of this work lies in the research required to bring the proposed transformative CommAwareNet solution into fully functional and practical architecture.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2024

Effective Communication of Energy Science and Technology

Although research, development, and deployment of advanced energy technologies are essential for the clean energy transition, communication about these technologies is equally important to their success. Energy is part of everyday life; therefore, changes in energy systems should be accepted by communities and industries. Yet details about energy generation, transmission, and environmental impacts are complex. The combination of commonality and complexity requires communications to use visualization, localization, narrative, and understandable terminology to reach a range of stakeholders. Collaboration between technology experts and communications professionals builds integrity and accessibility of energy information that enables community-based solutions for energy.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Towards high data-rate diffusive molecular communications: A review on performance enhancement strategies

Diffusive molecular communications (DiMC) have recently gained attention as a candidate for nano- to micro- and macro-scale communications due to its simplicity and energy efficiency. As signal propagation is solely enabled by Brownian motion mechanics, DiMC faces severe inter-symbol interference (ISI), which limits reliable and high data-rate communications. Herein, recent literature on DiMC performance enhancement strategies is surveyed; key research directions are identified. Signaling design and associated design constraints are presented. Here, studies on fundamental information theoretic limits of DiMC channel are reviewed. Classical and novel transceiver designs are discussed with an emphasis on methods for ISI mitigation and performance-complexity tradeoffs. Key parameter estimation strategies such as synchronization and channel estimation are considered in conjunction with asynchronous and timing error robust receiver methods. Finally, source and channel coding in the context of DiMC is presented.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Human electromagnetic field exposure in wearable communications systems: A review

While wearable technologies have taken essential parts of our daily lives, concerns on human health are often overseen. Mainly due to extreme proximity or direct physical contact to human skin, wearable communications devices are prone to cause higher levels of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure at human skin surface than any other type of wireless technologies. Nevertheless, while focusing on theoretical aspects of human EMF exposure in wearable communications, prior work paid little to no attention on exact exposure levels generated by commercial wearable devices that are already widely used by public consumers. In this context, this paper provides an extensive review of SAR from various commercial wearable devices that are currently sold in the market, as well as the analytical framework and the current measurement methodologies for standard compliance tests. To extend the discussion to general wearable communications, this paper presents simulation results adopting representative antenna patterns, which leads to suggestion of separation distances to keep the current safety guidelines. In particular, considering the increasing interest in millimeter wave (mmW), this paper sheds light on EMF exposure evaluated at 60 GHz and compares to results from 2.4 GHz.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2026

Distributed optimization and control for autonomous distributed energy resource power dispatch and frequency regulation considering communication failures

Distributed energy resources (DERs) can significantly enhance grid flexibility by supplying power and secondary frequency regulation (SFR) services. Yet, their large number and dispersed nature limit the effectiveness of traditional centralized power dispatch and frequency control schemes, and expose the system to single-point communication failures. This paper presents a unified distributed optimization and control framework for DER power dispatch and SFR provision. A transmission-loss-aware distributed direct current optimal power flow is first formulated to optimize DER power dispatch and reserve scheduling. On top of this, a fully distributed control scheme for DER autonomous SFR provision is developed to allocate automatic generation control signals cost-effectively while ensuring robustness to communication link disruptions. The framework is validated on IEEE 14-bus and 39-bus transmission systems with large-scale distribution feeders using transmission-distribution dynamic co-simulation, demonstrating reliable and autonomous DER power dispatch and SFR provision under diverse operating conditions and communication contingencies.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Quantum computer-enabled receivers for optical communication

Abstract Optical communication is the standard for high-bandwidth information transfer in today’s digital age. The increasing demand for bandwidth has led to the maturation of coherent transceivers that use phase- and amplitude-modulated optical signals to encode more bits of information per transmitted pulse. Such encoding schemes achieve higher information density, but also require more complicated receivers to discriminate the signaling states. In fact, achieving the ultimate limit of optical communication capacity, especially in the low light regime, requires coherent joint detection of multiple pulses. Despite their superiority, such joint detection receivers are not in widespread use because of the difficulty of constructing them in the optical domain. In this work we describe how optomechanical transduction of phase information from coherent optical pulses to superconducting qubit states followed by the execution of trained short-depth variational quantum circuits can perform joint detection of communication codewords with error probabilities that surpass all classical, individual pulse detection receivers. Importantly, we utilize a model of optomechanical transduction that captures non-idealities such as thermal noise and loss in order to understand the transduction performance necessary to achieve a quantum advantage with such a scheme. We also execute the trained variational circuits on an IBM-Q device with the modeled transduced states as input to demonstrate that a quantum advantage is possible even with current levels of quantum computing hardware noise.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

Automated Realistic Testbed Synthesis for Power System Communication Networks based on Graph Metrics

Communication networks are integral to modern power grid operations and are becoming increasingly critical as grid dynamics speed up and as more controls become closed-loop in form. Focusing on the interdependence between the physical grid and the communication system, we identify several key characteristics and typical graph properties based on analysis of a real communication system for a power grid. Moreover, an automated process was provided for synthetic testbed in the NS-3 simulator for the power system test case, and its network characteristics have been further derived for power system monitoring and control applications

Graph Analysis, Synthetic Testbed, communication n↗
DOE OSTI2023

Evaluation of Communication Issues in Primal-Dual-Based Distributed Energy Resource Management Systems (DERMS)

With the increasing adoption of distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution networks, DERMS is becoming an attractive option to coordinate the control of DERs, especially primal-dual-based DERMS which is a well-developed class of them. In order to help lower the uncertainty in commercializing them, we evaluate and find the upper limits of severity for some common issues that can occur within the communication systems on which a primal-dual-based DERMS relies on; these include packet losses, link failures, and delays. This information can help a DERMS operator decide on the specifications for the communication infrastructure it will invest in for the DERMS. Our evaluation is based on numerical simulations of a real-world feeder with around 2,000 nodes and a DERMS that controls 163 PV generators and 140 energy storage batteries. In general, we found that the DERMS becomes less resistant to communication issues as the information flows closer to the DERs implementing the controllable power injections.

communication delay↗
DOE OSTI2020

An Extensible Software and Communication Platform for Distributed Energy Resource Management

This paper introduces a novel Distributed Extensible Grid Control (DEGC) software and communication platform to facilitate the control of distributed energy resources on electric grids. The DEGC software platform leverages state-of-the-art advances in secure, distributed communication and decentralized authorization and authentication. We discuss how these advances enable the kind of robust and secure communication required for a distributed grid control platform, and show how DEGC applies these technologies to the agile development and deployment of grid software through an extensible and flexible API. Here, we describe how DEGC can implement both Volt-VAR voltage magnitude control and Phasor-Based Control as sample applications and demonstrate the DEGC platform in hardware with the demanding Phasor-Based Control test case, and provide performance metrics.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

The dynamic nature of risk in DOE facilities in the surveillance and maintenance program–with observations for risk communications

Here, we explore three case studies of facilities at two US Department of Energy (DOE) former nuclear weapons research and production sites—the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Hanford site—whose risk profiles have changed during their long-term management under the DOE's surveillance and maintenance (S&M) program. These case studies provide examples of the challenges faced in communicating to external stakeholders, such as federal and state regulators, local communities surrounding the site, as well as the general public, the circumstances surrounding unexpected events or the emergence/discovery of new risk-important information at historically high-risk sites. We identify common topics of importance from these case studies and suggest a taxonomy for risk communicators to use in informing the dialogues with individuals and organizations that may not be technically oriented or fully informed on the subject matter. The taxonomy is based on technical insights from the quintessential definition of risk known as the Kaplan–Garrick “risk triplet” as well as insights from regulatory guidance documents on risk communication with external stakeholders originally developed for the commercial nuclear power industry.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2023

Parallel Memory-Independent Communication Bounds for SYRK

In this paper, we focus on the parallel communication cost of multiplying a matrix with its transpose, known as a symmetric rank-k update (SYRK). SYRK requires half the computation of general matrix multiplication because of the symmetry of the output matrix. Recent work (Beaumont et al., SPAA '22) has demonstrated that the sequential I/O complexity of SYRK is also a constant factor smaller than that of general matrix multiplication. Inspired by this progress, we establish memory-independent parallel communication lower bounds for SYRK with smaller constants than general matrix multiplication, and we show that these constants are tight by presenting communication-optimal algorithms. The crux of the lower bound proof relies on extending a key geometric inequality to symmetric computations and analytically solving a constrained nonlinear optimization problem. Here, the optimal algorithms use a triangular blocking scheme for parallel distribution of the symmetric output matrix and corresponding computation.

Communication costs↗
DOE OSTI2020

Opportunistic Hybrid Communications Systems for Distributed PV Coordination

A full-scale, operational implementation of the opportunistic hybrid communications systems for distributed photovoltaic (PV) coordination was successfully developed, simulated, and validated in this 3-year project. The system is considered hybrid because it uses different communications pathways from the scale of residential PV inverters to a transmission network; primary technologies harnessed include Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (LoWPAN), Power Line Communication (PLC), WiFi mesh, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Ethernet cable, and Optical Ethernet systems. It is opportunistic in that it chooses to route messages through each of these systems based on recent data about latency and availability to ensure reliable message passing.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Wireless Sensing and Communication Capability from In-Core to a Monitoring Center

Significant cost savings can be made if electrical cables can be replaced by wireless technology in current Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) and in advance reactor designs. Wireless technology can also provide in-core opportunities by significantly reducing the number of penetrations in the pressure vessel, cost and complexity of sensor installation and by increasing the efficiency of current and advanced reactors. Unlike other deployment scenarios for an industrial environment, operators need to have centralized control over all the networks. Centralized control will reduce implementation costs, provide single point control and enable monitoring of network devices, improve security, and enhance connectivity. Micro-sensors that can simultaneously monitor temperature and pressure within a fuel rod inside nuclear reactors will enable preventative actions during abnormal operating conditions. This ability could avert accidents and enable the expedient development of accident tolerant fuels. A novel micro-sensor suite (~ mm) to simultaneously measure multiple parameters such as temperature, strain, pressure, and neutron/gamma flux inside a fuel rod is being developed for use in reactors. The necessary communication architecture is also being developed to transmit measurement signals from the core to the plant's data cloud or control room. A three three-tier strategy has been developed to support wireless transmission of in-core measurements to the control room or to a secure cloud platform for control, analytics, and decision-making purposes. 1. In-core: data signal from in-core to outside of the pressure vessel within the containment building 2. Containment building: data signal from inside to the outside of the containment building and into the balance of the plant network 3. Balance of the plant network: information transmitted to the data cloud and control room This plan presents a wireless sensing and communication system for use within a reactor core and elsewhere. The communication technology is advantageous to compensate for network equipment failures and adverse data transmission conditions. Wireless technology will significantly increase the resiliency of the plants network system. The wireless system naturally provides multiple transmission path capability and data redundancy.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗