Explicit guidance equations for multistage boost trajectories
Explicit equations for steering Atlas-Centaur multistage launch vehicle to lunar trajectory
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Explicit equations for steering Atlas-Centaur multistage launch vehicle to lunar trajectory
Structures and weight, environment and control, design configuration, and payload growth of Current-Technology Vehicle /T-65/ - Nova launch vehicle
Swept wing fighter aircraft drag coefficient reduction by configuration redesign
Prediction of flight transient torsional acceleration at base of Surveyor spacecraft and implementation of pulse qualification testing
Supersonic wind tunnel tests on flutter resistance of Centaur flight insulation panels
Solid booster thrust decay control for payload or upper stage separation, noting inert slivers with auxiliary retrorockets as separation control
An investigation has been conducted at Mach numbers from 2.30 to 4.63 to determine the static aerodynamic characteristics of several configurations designed for flight at hypersonic Mach numbers. Two all-wing and three wing-body configurations were tested through an angle-of-attack range from about -4 degrees to 33 degrees and an angle-of-sideslip range from about -4 degrees to 8 degrees at a Reynolds number of 3 times 10 (sup 6) per foot (9.84 times 10 (sup 6) per meter). The results of the investigation indicated that the wing-body configurations produced higher values of maximum lift-drag ratio than those produced by the all-wing models. The high wing-body configurations tend to have a self-trimming capability as opposed to that for the low wing-body configurations. Each of the configurations produced a positive dihedral effect that increased with increasing angle of attack and decreased with increasing Mach number. The high wing-body models produced decreasing values of directional stability with increase in angle of attack, whereas the low wing-body models provided increasing values of directional stability with increase in angle of attack.
Adaptive orbital rendezvous guidance dynamic aspects valid for burn-coast-burn trajectories
Circuit provides voltage regulation through a wide range of operating frequencies without intervals of high power dissipation.
Numerical analysis of acceleration flight data of Mariner Mars 69, OAO 2, and ATS to determine disturbing forcing function of Centaur engines at main engine cutoffs
Computer plots of acceleration flight data of Mariner Mars 69, OAO 2, and ATS showing selected gimbal axis forcing functions and dynamic response of Centaur main engine cutoffs
The preceding papers have discussed the aerodynamics and heating of several vehicles designed for atmospheric reentry from satellite orbits. Because of large heating inputs, some fundamental questions about the structure of these vehicles are also raised. Although there are many factors which influence structural design, only a brief examination of the relationship between heating input and structural weight is discussed here. For this purpose the heating inputs associated with the four vehicles shown in figure 1 are employed.
The optimization technique is described which was used in the study for applying modern optimal control technology to the design of shuttle booster engine reaction control systems and aerodynamic control systems. Complete formulations are presented for both the ascent and reentry portions of the study. These formulations include derivations of the 6D perturbation equations of motion and the process followed in the control and blending law selections. A total hybrid software concept applied to the study is described in detail. Conclusions and recommendations based on the results of the study are included.
The derivations of mathematical models in Vol. 1 are presented along with descriptions of all peripheral studies related to the primary study objectives.
An optimization technique has been developed which combines the practical features of hybrid simulation of the dynamic system under study with the systematic approach of modern control theory where a mathematically formulated design criterion is optimized by functional minimization. Standard hybrid computer optimization methods using high-speed repetitive simulations and gradient minimization schemes have been extended to obtain time-varying optimal gain schedules and reduce the sensitivity of the optimized system to parameter and disturbance uncertainties. In this approach the performance index is expressed in meaningful engineering terms that reflect the interactions among all major disciplines, structures, control/actuation system design, aerodynamics and performance. The basic optimization technique is developed and its application to current aerospace control problems including the space shuttle is presented in detail. In the discussion of the application, the controllers resulting from the technique are compared with controllers developed by conventional methods. The paper concludes with a review of the advantages and disadvantages of the technique and plans for future applications.
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