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Summary : Searches for violations of fundamental symmetries and conservation laws - Powerful Probes of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM); Charged Lepton Flavor violation : Mu to E conversion; 4-orders of magnitude improvements in BR; SD process can dominate the conversion process in ALP models; fa > O(100)TeV can be achieved, complementary role.
The demand for underground labs for neutrino and rare event search experiments has been increasing over the last few decades. Yemilab, constructed in October 2022, is the first deep (1~km) underground lab dedicated to science in Korea, where a large cylindrical cavern (D: 20~m, H: 20~m) was excavated in addition to the main caverns and halls. The large cavern could be utilized for a low background neutrino experiment by a liquid scintillator-based detector (LSC) where a 2.26 kiloton LS target would be filled.It's timely to have such a large but ultra-pure LS detector after the shutdown of the Borexino experiment so that solar neutrinos can be measured much more precisely. Interesting BSM physics searches can be also pursued with this detector when it's combined with an electron linac, a proton cyclotron (IsoDAR source), or a radioactive source. This talk discusses the concept of a candidate detector and the physics potential of a large liquid scintillator detector.
The DUNE experiment will have a rich set of physics topics, including neutrino oscillation and Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics.
ICARUS serves as the Far Detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab, sitting on-axis on the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and 6$^\circ$ off-axis from the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam. Neutrinos from both beams inherit the timing sub-structure of their parent proton spills, which is in turn derived from either the Booster's or the Main Injector's synchrotron acceleration. Since neutrino propagation introduces only a constant offset, their timing structure is preserved as they travel. Identifying this structure in data represents a powerful tool for selecting neutrino events and searching for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). This poster presents the preliminary reconstruction of the BNB and NuMI neutrino bunch structure with ICARUS data, exploiting only the precise timing of ICARUS optical readout system to both locate and assign a time to each interaction.
First results from ICARUS experiment are presented at FNAL. The selection of nu_mu CC events with 1muon+ N Protons from BNB targeted at numu disappearance analysis is presented for a subset of the collected statistics, , compared with MC predictions. A similar selection of nu_mu CC events 1muon+ N Protons + 0 pions in the NuMI beam aiming at the neutrino-Argon cross section measurement is also presented, together with a control sideband requiring in addition at least a pion candidate. Finally the result of a BSM search for a new particle decaying into two muons is also presented, showing no evidence within the studied sample of new physics.
Separation of electron signals from $\pi^0$ backgrounds is crucial for neutrino oscillation measurements and searches for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics in current and future Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) experiments. e/$\pi^0$ separation has been a reconstruction challenge since both e and $\pi^0$ present as electromagnetic showers, and often only one out of the two showers produced by $\pi^0$ is reconstructed correctly. This research aims to improve the performance of e/$\pi^0$ separation using optimal transport (OT), by leveraging on the topological differences in the showers produced by the two particles. OT is a method which compares two distributions by finding the most efficient way to transform, or “move” from one to the other. This work uses the MicroBooNE open samples public dataset to test the e/$\pi^0$ separation performance of the method on events which incorporate realistic modeling of LArTPC detector response. Reconstructed 3D energy deposits are projected onto a plane perpendicular to the primary shower, allowing OT to better detect the topological differences between the two types of particles without the need to separately reconstruct all the showers in the events. Different distance metrics for OT are tested and preliminary results on e/$\pi^0$ separation are presented.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of three Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, as part of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector is currently being commissioned and is expected to take neutrino data this year. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record over a million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). It will enable the potential of the overall SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate, and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.
For accelerator neutrino experiments, an accurate prediction of the incoming neutrino flux is crucial for reducing uncertainties for all physics measurements. In this exciting period for the Short-Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab, with far detector (ICARUS) already operating and the near detector (SBND) nearing operation, an updated flux model for the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) is presented. The BNB delivers 8 GeV protons to a beryllium target, subsequently producing neutrinos from the decay of the secondary beam of hadrons. A updated Monte-Carlo simulation of beam production in GEANT4 has been created, allowing predictions to be made for detectors with different baselines, offsets and sizes. This new simulation contains new features, such as a full neutrino ancestry to handle hadron production systematics with more precision, with a view to storing all resulting particles - including neutral mesons - from the proton-Beryllium scatter to allow the study of exotic BSM scenarios. Results are presented, with comparisons to the original flux simulated for the MiniBooNE experiment.
To understand the full story of the electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) and how the universe arrived at today’s universe, the structure of the Higgs potential needs to be probed. We must carefully select and study processes at the LHC that are sensitive to the Higgs potential. In this context, longitudinal vector boson scattering (VBS) processes, V L V L →V L V L , and di-Higgs production, including V L V L →HH at the LHC have been studied for any potential deviation from SM prediction. However, many classes of models beyond the Standard Model (BSM) may result in the 2→2 process being perfectly well-behaved and SM-like but show interesting deviations in 2→3, 2→4, or 2→n(3) processes. If we are to complete the mission objectives the P5 laid out, then a large swath of 2→n(3) must be thoroughly searched and checked. The research supported by this award used data collected at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to explore VBS produced VVH process in the semi-merged channel. In addition, in the electroweak sector, there are open questions in the multi-gauge boson couplings and the Higgs couplings to the gauge bosons. The research supported by the award also studied the triboson production WWZ process at the LHC, which is a crossed diagram of a VBS process. During the funded period of 9 months, the analysis designs have been finalized.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector completed commissioning and began taking neutrino data in the summer of 2024. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record around 2 million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the neutrino detectors positioned along the the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab. It is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program, as well as having a wide-ranging independent physics program. The detector began taking neutrino data in the summer of 2024 and has already collected over 1 million neutrino events. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the SBN near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterisation of the unoscillated event rate and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.
The efficient classification of electromagnetic activity from $\pi^0$ and electrons is a notoriously challenging problem in the reconstruction of neutrino interactions in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors. We address this problem using the mathematical framework of Optimal Transport (OT), which has been successfully employed for event classification in other HEP contexts and is ideally suited to the high-resolution calorimetry of LArTPCs. Using a publicly available simulated dataset from the MicroBooNE collaboration, we show that OT methods achieve state-of-the-art reconstruction performance in $e/\pi^0$ classification. The success of this first application indicates the broader promise of OT methods for LArTPC-based neutrino experiments. This work motivates integrating OT in the reconstruction frameworks of LArTPC experiments such as SBN and DUNE more broadly. Since $\pi^0$s are a significant background for both oscillation experiments and BSM searches, OT can lead to sizeable improvements in the selection efficiency for these analyses by introducing a novel method with which to achieve $\pi^0$ rejection.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector completed commissioning and began taking neutrino data in the summer of 2024. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and recorded over two million neutrino interactions during its first physics run, which concluded in July 2025. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND is carrying out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In addition, SBND will provide valuable model constraints for DUNE by leveraging the significant overlap in phase space between neutrino interactions in the two experiments. In this talk, I will present the current efforts within the SBND cross section program, discuss their status, and outline the plans for the first physics publications.
The Neutrino Platform at CERN hosts two massive prototypes for the DUNE Far Detector to test the technology for the coming Horizontal Drift and Vertical Drift designs, almost perfectly on axis with the direction of the SPS beamline pointed towards the North Area. The 400 GeV/c SPS protons impacting on the T2 target area may produce exotic particles that could travel ~700 meters to the detectors, in addition to a substantial flux of neutrinos. Simulations of the neutrino flux demonstrate that thousands of neutrino interactions are expected per week in the active volume of NP04 spanning energies from a few GeV up to 180 GeV, constituting the main background for such search. The first step towards establishing a BSM physics program at the Neutrino Platform is therefore to observe neutrinos originating from the SPS beam. A sample of high-energy neutrino events in a DUNE FD-like LArTPC may also be of broader use to the DUNE collaboration. For example, by testing the performance of reconstruction algorithms on highly-energetic neutrino interactions with large hadronic showers. An initial neutrino search was performed by developing filters to remove cosmic events. After filtering, the remaining events were eye-scanned to identify neutrino candidates amongst the residual cosmic background. Over two of the available NP04 runs, 29 neutrino candidates were identified. A separate run taken with the SPS beam off yielded no neutrino candidates. An analysis is now under development that will use all available data, large Monte Carlo samples and full event reconstruction, with the aim of confirming whether NP04 is capable of observing feebly interacting particles originating from the SPS beam.
NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment based at Fermilab, IL, USA, that observes $\nu_\mu \ (\bar{\nu}_\mu) \to \nu_\mu\ (\bar{\nu}_\mu)$ disappearance and $\nu_\mu \ (\bar{\nu}_\mu) \to \nu_e \ (\bar{\nu}_e)$ appearance oscillations from a beam of muon neutrinos (anti-neutrinos) provided by the Fermilab's NuMI beamline. The experiment consists of two functionally identical active liquid scintillattor tracking calorimeters, both situated 14.6 mrad off-axis to the beam direction. The detectors are made out of extruded PVC cells arranged in alternating horizontal and vertical planes for 3-dimensional reconstruction of neutrino events. The NOvA experiment has a wide-ranging scientific program that includes studying standard 3-flavor neutrino oscillations, resolution of neutrino mass orderings, measuring the CP-violating phase, $\delta_{CP}$, beyond standard model (BSM) phenomenon such as non-standard interactions (NSI) and sterile neutrino searches, neutrino-nucleus cross-section measurements, exotics, astrophysics and more. The NOvA experiment leverages its identical detector technology to mitigate systematic uncertainties for its neutrino oscillation analysis. This talk will provide an overview of the experiment's detector design and the data-driven techniques used by the experiment in its neutrino oscillation analysis.
A global program of experiments has worked towards characterizing neutrino oscillation over the past few decades. However, important parameters remain to be measured, and mysteries remain to be elucidated. Current and upcoming experiments are targeting the open questions and probing the consistency of the neutrino oscillation paradigm. Likewise, the liquid argon (LAr) time-projection chamber (TPC) has emerged as a sensitive particle detection technology for neutrino experiments. A current generation of LAr TPC detectors are being used to study neutrinos while also gaining important experience in operating and analyzing with this technology. SBND, MicroBooNE, and ICARUS have collected or are collecting data from beams at Fermilab (near Chicago) to explore the possibility of a sterile neutrino and/or other beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics. SBND and ICARUS will be used to conduct a two-detector analysis as part of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. Additionally, these detectors are enabling important neutrino interaction studies necessary to prepare for the next generation of oscillation experiments. One such oscillation experiment that will come online over the next years is the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will install multiple 10 kiloton LAr TPCs underground in South Dakota (south of Saskatchewan) to conduct oscillation measurements with neutrinos originating in a beamline at Fermilab. A detector complex will be installed at Fermilab as well, to study the beam before the expected flavour oscillations. This “near detector” will also employ a LAr TPC, with a segmented and pixel-based design, as well as other technologies to constrain uncertainties in the oscillation measurement by characterizing the beam and neutrino interactions. This talk will discuss the ICARUS and DUNE experiments, the LAr TPC detector technology, and the efforts to realize and leverage these experiments to better understand the properties of neutrinos.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector has completed Run 1, successfully recording approximately 3 million neutrino interactions, and started Run 2 in the autumn of 2025. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record around 3 million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining the BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.
The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector has completed Run 1, successfully recording approximately 3 million neutrino interactions, and started Run 2 in the autumn of 2025. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record around 3 million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining the BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.