SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “BORATES”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2013

The gap junction inhibitor 2-aminoethoxy-diphenyl-borate protects against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes and c-jun N-terminal kinase activation

Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of acute liver failure in the US. Although many aspects of the mechanism are known, recent publications suggest that gap junctions composed of connexin32 function as critical intercellular communication channels which transfer cytotoxic mediators into neighboring hepatocytes and aggravate liver injury. However, these studies did not consider off-target effects of reagents used in these experiments, especially the gap junction inhibitor 2-aminoethoxy-diphenyl-borate (2-APB). In order to assess the mechanisms of protection of 2-APB in vivo, male C56Bl/6 mice were treated with 400 mg/kg APAP to cause extensive liver injury. This injury was prevented when animals were co-treated with 20 mg/kg 2-APB and was attenuated when 2-APB was administered 1.5 h after APAP. However, the protection was completely lost when 2-APB was given 4–6 h after APAP. Measurement of protein adducts and c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation indicated that 2-APB reduced both protein binding and JNK activation, which correlated with hepatoprotection. Although some of the protection was due to the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in vitro experiments clearly demonstrated that 2-APB directly inhibits cytochrome P450 activities. In addition, JNK activation induced by phorone and tert-butylhydroperoxide in vivo was inhibited by 2-APB. The effects against APAP toxicity in vivo were reproduced in primary cultured hepatocytes without use of DMSO and in the absence of functional gap junctions. We conclude that the protective effect of 2-APB was caused by inhibition of metabolic activation of APAP and inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway and not by blocking connexin32-based gap junctions. - Highlights: • 2-APB protected against APAP-induced liver injury in mice in vivo and in vitro • 2-APB protected by inhibiting APAP metabolic activation and JNK signaling pathway • DMSO inhibited APAP metabolic activation as the solvent of 2-APB • Off-target effects of connexin32 gene knock-out mice need to be considered.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2025

Comparative Study of Vinylene Carbonate and Lithium Difluoro(oxalate)borate Additives in a SiO x /Graphite Anode Lithium-Ion Battery in the Presence of Fluoroethylene Carbonate

The SiO x /graphite composite is recognized as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), owing to the high theoretical capacity of SiO x combined with the excellent stability of graphite. However, the inherent disadvantage of volume expansion in silicon-based anodes places significant challenges on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and severely degrades the electrochemical performance. Rational formulation of electrolyte, including its additives, is crucial in accommodating and optimizing the composition of the SEI and enhancing the cell performance. In this work, we present a comparative study of vinylene carbonate (VC) and lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate (LiDFOB) additives combined with fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte for SiO x /graphite∥LiNi 1–x–y–z Co x Mn y Al z O 2 full cells. VC outperformed LiDFOB as an additive, delivering higher capacity cycling, higher Coulombic efficiency, and better cycle stability up to 400 cycles. XPS and impedance analyses reveal that LiDFOB contributed to SEI/CEI with both a lower proportion of LiF and a higher proportion of poly(VC), which tended to produce higher cell impedance. XRD and XANES further indicated that using the LiDFOB additive, the NCMA cycled to a shallower degree than that of the VC additive. Although the VC additive maintained a higher capacity up to 400 cycles, microstrain and SEM analyses show a higher strained NCMA along with clear evidence of cracking over the surface of the NCMA particle in VC-based electrolyte but not in LiDFOB. In conclusion, this suggests that the negative influence of LiDFOB at the anode (inferior SEI) supersedes the negative impact of both a cracked NCMA and a deeper cycled NCMA and SiO x -based anode.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2012

Effect of Sm{sub 2}O{sub 3} addition on electrical and optical properties of lithium borate glasses

The electrical and optical property of lithium borate glasses was investigated. It is observed that conductivity decreases while density and refractive index increases with the addition of Sm{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Radiation length of glasses was determined and it is observed that radiation length decreases with the addition of Sm{sub 2}O{sub 3}.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2012

Luminescence properties of Sm{sup 3+} impurities in strontium lithium bismuth borate glasses

In the present work, different concentrations of Sm{sup 3+}-doped strontium lithium bismuth borate glasses (SLBiB) were prepared by melt quench technique. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis. Using the J-O intensity parameters, emission and decay measurements various radiative properties are studied. The nature of decay curves of {sup 4}G{sub 5/2} level for different Sm{sup 3+} ion concentrations in SLBiB glasses has been analyzed. The intensities of observed emission peaks and measured lifetimes decrease with the increase of Sm{sup 3+} ion concentration which may be due to energy transfer between excited Sm{sup 3+} ions through cross-relaxations and resonant energy channels.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2012

Effect of co-doped SnO{sub 2} nanoparticles on photoluminescence of cu-doped potassium lithium borate glass

The SnO{sub 2} co-doped lithium potassium borate glasses doped with 0.05, 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mol% of Cu were synthesized by the melt quenching technique. The SnO{sub 2} co-dope was added to the compounds in the amounts of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 mol%. The photoluminescent spectrum for different concentrations of copper was studied. It was observed that the intensity of blue emission (450, 490 nm) varies with concentration mol%. In addition, with different concentration of SnO{sub 2} to 0.10 mol% Cu, the influence of the luminescence has been observed to enhance intensity and shifted to blue and red (490, 535 nm) emissions.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2013

Er{sup 3+}-doped strontium lithium bismuth borate glasses for broadband 1.5 {mu}m emission - optical properties

Strontium lithium bismuth borate glasses (SLBiB) doped with various concentrations of Er{sup 3+} were prepared using conventional melt quench technique and investigated their optical properties. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis. Optical properties were studied by measuring the optical absorption and near infrared luminescence spectra at room temperature. Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory has been applied for the f.f transitions of Er{sup 3+} ions to evaluate J-O intensity parameters, {Omega}{lambda} ({lambda} = 2, 4 and 6). Using the J-O intensity parameters, radiative properties such as transition probabilities (A{sub R}), branching ratios ({beta}) and radiative lifetimes ({tau}) are estimated for certain transitions. From the emission spectra, peak emission-cross sections ({sigma}{sub p}) and products of stimulated emission cross-section and full width at half maximum ({sigma}{sub p} Multiplication-Sign FWHM) were calculated for the observed emission transition, {sup 4}I{sub 13/2}{yields}{sup 4}I{sub 15/2}.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2013

Synthesis and structural studies of praseodymium doped silver borate glasses

Praseodymium doped silver borate glasses with nominal composition xPr{sub 6}O{sub 11}-(25-x)Ag{sub 2}O-75B{sub 2}O{sub 3} (x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) were prepared by melt quench technique. XRD pattern shows that there is no sharp peak it confirms the amorphous nature of the present glasses. The glass transition temperature (T{sub g}) of this glass system have been studied using the Matac MBS-8000 Digital Signal Processing and Conventional Thermal Analysis (DTA) method. The T{sub g} of these glasses increases with increase in concentration of Pr{sub 6}O{sub 11} except at 0.2 mol%, T{sub g} value is lower. {sup 11}B MAS-NMR shows the presence of sharp peak around 0.306 ppm. Chemical shift of these glasses decreases with mol% of rare earth oxide. FTIR spectra recorded in the region of 400 to 4000 cm{sup -1}. This studies revealed that the progressive addition Ag{sub 2}O and Pr{sub 6}O{sub 11} leads to modification of B{sub 2}O{sub 3} into BO{sub 4} groups. Raman measurements of these glasses support the proposed interpretations of the experimental results.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2014

Optical absorption and fluorescence properties of Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} codoped lead bismuth alumina borate glasses

Lead bismuth alumina borate glasses codoped with Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} were prepared by melt quenching technique. Optical absorption, FTIR and photoluminescence spectra of these glasses have been studied. Judd-Ofelt theory has been applied to to the f ↔ f transitions for evaluating Ω{sub 2}, Ω{sub 4} and Ω{sub 6} parameters. Radiative properties like branching ratio β{sub r} and the radiative life time τ{sub R} have been determined on the basis of Judd-Ofelt theory. Upconversion emissions have been observed under 980nm laser excitation at room temperature. Green and red up-conversion emissions are centered at 530, 550 and 656 nm corresponding to {sup 2}H{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2}, {sup 4}S{sub 3/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} transitions of Er{sup 3+} respectively. The results obtained are discussed quantitatively based on the energy transfer between Yb{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}.