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At least 1,243 records · Page 69
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Nonlinear phase bores in drift wave-zonal flow dynamics

A minimal model of nonlinear phase dynamics in drift waves is shown to support phase bore solutions. Coupled nonlinear equations for amplitude, phase, and zonal flow are derived for the Hasegawa-Mima system and specialized to the case of spatiotemporally constant amplitude. In that limit, phase curvature (finite second derivative of the phase with respect to the radius) alone generates propagating shear flows. The phase field evolves nonlinearly by a competition between phase steepening and dispersion. The analytical solution of the model reveals that the phase bore solutions so obtained realize the concept of a phase slip in a concrete dynamical model of drift wave dynamics. Here, the implications for phase turbulence are discussed.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Analytical modeling of the evolution of the nonlinearity parameter of sensitized stainless steel

Austenitic stainless steels are subject to the precipitation of chromium carbides (M 23 C 6 ) during exposure to high temperatures, causing these alloys to be susceptible to intergranular corrosion due to chromium depletion along grain boundaries. The acoustic nonlinearity parameter, β, shows sensitivity to the formation of carbides in these alloys. The Thermo-Calc TC-PRISMA module was used to model the nucleation and growth of grain boundary M 23 C 6 carbides. The model was verified with scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis that allowed measurements of the grain boundary precipitates. The paper introduces a reduced-order model of the acoustic nonlinearity based on the formation of misfit dislocations at the interface of the grain boundary precipitate and matrix to explain the change in β during isothermal aging. Furthermore, a direct relationship between the radius of the M 23 C 6 grain boundary carbides and β was observed and verified with nonlinear ultrasound measurements on 304L and 316L stainless steels.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Nonlinear proper orthogonal decomposition for convection-dominated flows

Autoencoder techniques find increasingly common use in reduced order modeling as a means to create a latent space. This reduced order representation offers a modular data-driven modeling approach for nonlinear dynamical systems when integrated with a time series predictive model. In this Letter, we put forth a nonlinear proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) framework, which is an end-to-end Galerkin-free model combining autoencoders with long short-term memory networks for dynamics. By eliminating the projection error due to the truncation of Galerkin models, a key enabler of the proposed nonintrusive approach is the kinematic construction of a nonlinear mapping between the full-rank expansion of the POD coefficients and the latent space where the dynamics evolve. We test our framework for model reduction of a convection-dominated system, which is generally challenging for reduced order models. Our approach not only improves the accuracy, but also significantly reduces the computational cost of training and testing.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2024

Time-resolved biphase signatures of quadratic nonlinearity observed in coupled Alfvén eigenmodes on the DIII-D tokamak

We report the detection of nonstationary quadratic coupling between toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) on sub-millisecond time scales. Identification of phase coherency between multiple TAEs and nonlinearly generated modes is facilitated by wavelet-based bicoherence analysis of time-series from inductive coils, taken from a DIII-D discharge heated by neutral beam injection (NBI). Characterization of nonlinear three-wave interaction is inferred by stationary local bispectrum phase (biphase) and confirmed via bandpass filtering. Biphase dynamics associated with prominent bispectral features are well-resolved in time and consistent with transient quadratic coupling. Onset and duration of nonlinearity are correlated with enhanced amplitude of participating TAEs; coincident changes in amplitude are observed for modes at difference frequency |f TAE,1 - f TAE,2 |.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2011

Nonlinear absorption of femtosecond laser pulses (800 nm) by atmospheric air and water vapour

Quantitative data on the nonlinear absorption cross sections of femtosecond Ti : Sapphire laser pulses in air and water vapour have been obtained. A photoacoustic spectrometer calibrated based on the calculated value of linear absorption of laser pulses with a wavelength of 800 nm and a spectral width of 17.7 nm is used to find the nonlinear absorption cross sections of water vapour and air: {sigma}{sub 2}{sup w} = (2.6{+-}0.4) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -55} cm{sup 4} s and {sigma}{sub 2}{sup a} = (8.7{+-}1.0) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -56} cm{sup 4} s, respectively. Based on measuring the absorption of femtosecond Ti : Sapphire laser pulses with a photoacoustic detector calibrated with the known linear absorption of ruby laser radiation by water vapour in air, the air nonlinear absorption cross section is found to be (8.2{+-}0.9) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -56} cm{sup 4} s.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

Optical surface wave in a crystal with diffusion photorefractive nonlinearity

We consider a steady-state nonlinear photorefractive surface wave (PR SW) with TE or TM polarisation when the refractive index of the photorefractive crystal (PRC) depends on the strength of the diffusion crystal electric field emerging upon the wave propagation. We have determined the phase trajectory and transverse structure of the PR SW intensity distribution for different values of the diffusion photorefractive nonlinearity. We have investigated a photorefractive diffraction grating, which arises in the surface PRC layer during propagation of the nonlinear PR SW.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2012

Nonlinear absorption of laser radiation by zinc and lead phthalocyanines and zinc porphyrin in a nanoporous-glass/polymer composite

We have studied the nonlinear absorption of nanosecond 532-nm laser pulses by zinc phthalocyanine (PcZn), lead phthalocyanine (PcPb) and zinc porphyrin (PrZn) incorporated into a nanoporous-glass/polymer composite and determined the basic nonlinear absorption characteristics of these compounds in the composite host. The composite is shown to be suitable for designing nonlinear optical elements activated with organic compounds. The correlation between the characteristics of the three compounds in the composite host and liquid solvents is analysed.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2012

Chirped elliptically polarised cnoidal waves and polarisation 'chaos' in an isotropic medium with spatial dispersion of cubic nonlinearity

It is found that chirped elliptically polarised cnoidal waves can propagate and aperiodic regimes, resembling polarisation chaos, can emerge in an isotropic medium with local and nonlocal components of cubic nonlinearity and second-order frequency dispersion. In the particular case of the formation of the waveguides of the same profile for two circularly polarised components of the light field relevant analytical solutions are derived and the frequencies of chirped components are shown to vary in concord with periodic changes of their intensities. In this case, the nature of the changes in the polarisation state during the light wave propagation depends on the values of nonlinear phase shifts of circularly polarised components of the field during the period and is sensitive to changes in the initial conditions. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2013

An Airy beam as a self-similar solution to the problem of slit laser beam propagation in a linear medium and in a photorefractive crystal with diffusion nonlinearity

We have analysed self-similar solutions to the propagation problem of a slit beam with a plane wavefront in a linear medium and in a photorefractive crystal with diffusion nonlinearity. It is shown that in the latter case, despite the presence of the nonlinear term in the wave equation, the linear superposition principle holds true for the solutions of this class due to saturation. At the same time, the mirror symmetry violation of the wave equation for the transverse coordinate in the nonlinear case and the requirement to the spatial localisation modify one of the localised partial solutions (Airy beam) to the corresponding linear problem and prohibit the existence of other solutions of this class. (laser beams)

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Generation of nonlinear currents and low-frequency radiation upon interaction of a laser pulse with a metal

Nonlinear currents slowly varying in time are found in the skin layer of a metal irradiated by short laser pulses. The low-frequency field generated by the nonlinear currents in metal and vacuum is studied. The spectral composition, energy and shape of the low-frequency radiation pulse are described. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Approximate solutions to a nonintegrable problem of propagation of elliptically polarised waves in an isotropic gyrotropic nonlinear medium, and periodic analogues of multisoliton complexes

Using the linearization method, we obtain approximate solutions to a one-dimensional nonintegrable problem of propagation of elliptically polarised light waves in an isotropic gyrotropic medium with local and nonlocal components of the Kerr nonlinearity and group-velocity dispersion. The consistent evolution of two orthogonal circularly polarised components of the field is described analytically in the case when their phases vary linearly during propagation. The conditions are determined for the excitation of waves with a regular and 'chaotic' change in the polarisation state. The character of the corresponding nonlinear solutions, i.e., periodic analogues of multisoliton complexes, is analysed. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Model of optical nonlinearity of air in the mid-IR wavelength range

A model of optical nonlinearity of air (atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen) is developed. This model can be used to calculate numerically the propagation of radiation with a wavelength close to 10 μm. It takes into account the electronic Kerr effect, higher order nonlinearities, ionisation of a gas medium by electron impact, and pulse group-velocity dispersion. The applicability limits of the Drude approximation for calculating the impact-ionisation rate are also considered. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Consistent dynamics of the components of an elliptically polarised wave with zero mean amplitudes in a nonlinear isotropic gyrotropic medium in the adiabatic approximation

The adiabatic approximation is used to obtain an analytical solution to a nonintegrable problem of propagation of a plane elliptically polarised light wave with zero mean amplitudes of orthogonal circularly polarised field components through an isotropic gyrotropic medium with local and nonlocal components of Kerr nonlinearity and second-order group velocity dispersion. We describe the aperiodic evolution of bound (attributable to the medium nonlinearity) paired states, which are responsible for the propagation of two orthogonal polarisation components – cnoidal waves with significantly different periods. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Enhancement of temporal contrast of high-power laser pulses in an anisotropic medium with cubic nonlinearity

We consider the methods for enhancing the temporal contrast of super-high-power laser pulses, based on the conversion of radiation polarisation in a medium with cubic nonlinearity. For a medium with weak birefringence and isotropic nonlinearity, we propose a new scheme to enhance the temporal contrast. For a medium with anisotropic nonlinearity, the efficiency of the temporal contrast optimisation is shown to depend not only on the spatial orientation of the crystal and B-integral, but also on the type of the crystal lattice symmetry. (extreme light fields and their applications)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Interaction of elliptically polarised cross-degenerate cnoidal waves in an isotropic gyrotropic medium with spatial dispersion of cubic nonlinearity

Three unusual classes of particular analytical solutions to a system of four nonlinear equations are found for slowly varying complex amplitudes of circularly polarised components of the electric field. The system describes the self-action and interaction of two elliptically polarised plane waves collinearly propagating in an isotropic medium with second-order frequency dispersion and spatial dispersion of cubic nonlinearity. The solutions correspond to self-consistent combinations of two elliptically polarised cnoidal waves whose mutually orthogonal polarisation components vary in accordance with pairwise identical laws during propagation. At the same time, the amplitudes of the component with the same circular polarisation are proportional to two different elliptic Jacobi functions with the same periods. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Evaluation of the capacity of communication lines with nonlinear finite memory

We propose a method for calculating the capacity of a finite-memory channel up to the square of the nonlinear memory parameter. A comparison with a regular Gaussian model is performed, in which the Kerr nonlinearity is considered as an additional Gaussian noise. The estimate by the regular Gaussian model is shown to yield a greater capacity as compared with the estimate obtained by the nonlinear memory model. The optimal signal powers, providing the maximum mutual information, are found to be equal. (paper)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗