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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,243 records · Page 69
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Parfume (particle Fuel Model)

PARFUME is an advanced gas-cooled reactor fuel performance modeling and analysis code. It has been developed as an integrated mechanistic code that evaluates the thermal, mechanical, and physio-chemical behavior of fuel particles during irradiation and postulated accident conditions to determine the failure probability of a population of fuel particles given the particle-to-particle statistical variations in physical dimensions and material properties that arise from the fuel fabrication process, accounting for all viable mechanisms that can lead to particle failure. The code also determines the diffusion of fission products from the fuel through the particle coating layers, and through the fuel matrix to the coolant boundary. The subsequent release of fission products is calculated at the fuel element level (release of fission products from the compact or pebble). PARFUME calculates the release fraction as the ratio of the number of atoms released from the fuel element to the amount.

Gougar, Hans D.↗
DOE OSTI2020

AGR-5/6/7 Test Train Disassembly & Tools Phases I & II

This document provides the process for qualification of the AGR-5/6/7 Test Train Disassembly equipment for remote operation in the HFEF Main Cell. The test train is composed of five welded stainless steel capsules that are expected to be transported in two sections. The first section will be Capsules 1 and 2. The second section will include Capsules 3, 4 and 5. The capsules range in length from about 9 inches to about 12 inches. Inside the capsules is a graphite holder that contains multiple fueled AGR compacts.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2021

RELAP5-3D Modeling of High Temperature Test Facility (HTTF)

HTTF at Oregon State University (OSU) Reference: General Atomics? modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactor Helium cooled, electrically heated Prismatic graphite blocks in the core and reflectors Alumina ceramic blocks are used to simulate the core and top and bottom reflectors One-fourth scale in length and diameter Most of the coolant channels in the core are full scale Lower pressure compared to the prototype reactor Over 500 instruments Designed primarily to investigate depressurized conduction cooldown (DCC) transients

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

AGR-2 TRISO Fuel Post-Irradiation Examination Final Report

An array of post-irradiation exams and experiments were employed to assess the irradiation performance and high-temperature behavior of AGR-2 UCO TRISO fuel produced in an engineering-scale coater. Work was also conducted on UO2 TRISO fuel produced for comparison with the AGR UCO fuel. Emphases we replaced on enumerating the frequency of SiC layer failures (failure of the SiC layer with at least one PyC layer remaining intact) and TRISO failures (failure of all three dense layers) and evaluating the retention of key fission products within the fuel. Examinations of the fuel kernel and coating morphologies were used to understand the features typical of normal intact fuel, degraded or failed fuel, and mechanisms of degradation. Radiochemical analyses were used to determine their retention within the fuel. The results confirm excellent performance of the fuel that exceeds historical HTGR design requirements with significant margin.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2021

RELAP5-3D Simulation of PG-27 Test at the HTTF Facility

The High Temperature Test Facility (HTTF) at Oregon State University (OSU) is a quarter scaled integral-effect test facility designed to examine the transient phenomena occurring in a Modular Hight Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (MHTGR). It is specifically designed to handle the pressurized and depressurized conduction cooldown (PCC and DCC) events. The PCC event is an accident scenario in which there is a loss of forced convection of the coolant through the system. However, the pressure boundary remains intact. This study focuses on the Reactor Excursions and Leak Analysis Program (RELAP)5-3D simulation of the PG-27 test (PCC phenomena) and the sensitivity of those simulations from the material properties and primary helium mass flow rate standpoint. The aim is to capture a reasonable one-dimensional picture of a three dimensional phenomena. The simulation will help in the code assessment and in understanding the various unknown parameters involved. The presented results will demonstrate the code is able to capture the detailed one-dimensional physics accurately. However, input parameters to the code (i.e., the primary mass flow rate, refractory material thermal conductivity, and heat capacity at elevated temperatures) impact the fuel temperature the most. This work will discuss the sensitivity of simulations to the identified input parameters.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2021

System Modeling of the HTTR and Economic Dispatch Model of the Secondary System

High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs) can be used for the generation of electricity and their process heat can be used to improve the efficiency of chemical processes such as hydrogen production. The JAEA-operated High-Temperature engineering Test Reactor (HTTR-GT/H2) is exploring using the reactor for electricity and hydrogen production. A RELAP5-3D model of the HTTR-GT/H2 secondary system has been developed using design information. The various components and heat exchangers in the secondary system were modeled and results were compared to the design conditions. The results for the sole-power generation mode were shown to fit the design conditions very well. The largest temperature difference was on the order of 7 K, and the largest pressure difference was on the order of 0.05 MPa. The results for the hydrogen cogeneration mode did not match the design conditions nearly as well. The largest temperature difference was about 39 K and the largest pressure difference was about 0.27 MPa at the compressor outlet. The larger differences for the hydrogen cogeneration mode are attributed to the various complex components and the flow being split in the secondary loop. A transient reduction in heat removal capability of the secondary system was investigated. Reactor temperatures are anticipated to rise as a result. The core reactivity response due to this increase in temperature is investigated and is expected to add negative reactivity to the reactor. An economic dispatch model was developed for a nuclear-driven iodine-sulfur cycle system to determine hydrogen sale prices that would make such a system profitable. The study focuses on the development of the economic model and the role that input data plays on final calculated values. It was found that the input electricity prices, whether using historical data or a host of synthetic time histories, produce significantly different breakeven hydrogen sale prices. As such, great care should be used in these economic dispatch analyses to select reasonable input assumptions.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2022

AGR Program TRISO Fuel Topical Report Dialog

AGR Program Overview and Current Activities Fission Product Transport Data Short-Lived Fission Product Release Fuel Performance Margin Data Oxidation Testing Data

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Thermal hydraulic method for whole core design analysis of an HTGR

A new thermal hydraulic method and initial results are presented for core-wide steady state analysis of prismatic High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (HTGR). The method allows for the complete solution of temperature and coolant mass flow distribution by solving quasi-steady energy balances for the discretized core. Assembly blocks are discretized into unit cells for which the average temperature of each unit cell is determined. Convective heat removal is coupled to the unit cell energy balances by a 1-D axial flow model. The flow model uses established correlations for friction factor and Nusselt number. Bypass flow is explicitly calculated by using an initial guess for mass flow distribution and determining the exit pressure of each flow channel. The mass flow distribution is updated until a uniform core exit pressure condition is reached. Results are obtained for the MHTGR-350 with emphasis on the change in thermal hydraulic parameters due to various steady state power profiles and bypass gap widths. Steady state temperature distribution and its variations are discussed. (authors)

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2022

ECAR-5633 AGR-5/6/7 Daily As-Run Thermal Analyses

The purpose of this engineering and calculations report is to document the results of the thermal analyses performed to calculate the Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor (AGR)-5/6/7 as-run daily temperatures of the fuel compacts. Temperature data provided by this report will be used to evaluate fuel performance. The AGR-5/6 portion of the experiment was for fuel qualification at prototypic temperatures, while the AGR-7 portion of the experiment was a margin test at very high temperatures.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

An Industrial Perspective of Research Within the DISTINCTIVE Program - 18045

UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and three industrial partners, the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), the National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) and Sellafield Ltd (SL) are supporting the DISTINCTIVE (Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Storage Solutions for Nuclear Waste Inventories) consortium of eleven universities to carry out research in four theme areas of importance to the UK nuclear industry: Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR), Magnox and exotic spent fuels; PuO{sub 2} and fuel residues; legacy ponds and silo wastes; and structural integrity. This paper describes the main industry challenges in each of these theme areas and some of industry led activities to address these challenges, and provides examples of where the DISTINCTIVE research output is assisting the nuclear industry in meeting these challenges. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2016

Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Investigation of Vacancy Clusters in Neutron-Irradiated 3C-SiC

Silicon carbide (SiC) has been widely applied or considered in nuclear systems as fuel and structural materials since 1960's, given its high-temperature stability, chemical inertness, and exceptional irradiation resistance. Chemically vapor deposited (CVD) SiC has been considered as the pressure vessel materials for the TRISO fuel particles used in high temperature gas-cooled reactors or novel accident tolerant fuel concepts for light water reactors. The use of SiC/SiC composites as primary structural materials has also been proposed in fusion reactors. Driven by the need to enlarge the safety margins of nuclear reactors in accident scenarios, R and D of accident-tolerant fuel has become an important topic in the nuclear engineering and materials community. A continuous fiber SiC/SiC composite is under consideration for Zr alloy cladding replacement. Microstructural development and mechanical property change in SiC subject to neutron and ion irradiation have been studied extensively and understood well. However, the information of small vacancy cluster (i.e., those invisible in TEM) evolution in SiC exposed to neutron irradiation is still lacking, and such small clusters is suspected to play an important role in swelling, radiation creep, and thermal conductivity degradation. In this study, positron annihilation spectroscopy is used to characterize the vacancy defects in 3C-SiC exposed to various neutron irradiation conditions to capture the dependence of temperature and irradiation dose. The obtained vacancy cluster distribution is then linked to the measured swelling behavior to provide insight into the relationship between microstructure and physical property of SiC. (authors)

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗