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At least 1,207 records · Page 67

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2021

Lithium metal—seawater battery cells having protected lithium electrodes

Active metal and active metal intercalation electrode structures and battery cells having ionically conductive protective architecture including an active metal (e.g., lithium) conductive impervious layer separated from the electrode (anode) by a porous separator impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte (anolyte). This protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the impervious layer, which may include aqueous or non-aqueous liquid electrolytes (catholytes) and/or a variety electrochemically active materials, including liquid, solid and gaseous oxidizers. Safety additives and designs that facilitate manufacture are also provided.

Visco, Steven J.↗

DOE OSTI2021

Nanofiber electrodes, fabricating methods and applications of same

Nanofiber electrodes for electrochemical devices and fabricating methods of the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes forming a liquid mixture containing a catalyst, a first polymer of perfluoro sulfonic acid and a second polymer of polyethylene oxide, the first polymer of perfluoro sulfonic acid being pre-treated to remove protons in the first polymer by exchange with a cation species like Na+; and electro spinning the liquid mixture to generate electro spun fibers and deposit the generated fibers on a collector substrate to form a fiber electrode mat comprising a network of fibers, where each fiber has a plurality of particles of the catalyst distributed thereon.

Pintauro, Peter N.↗

DOE OSTI2021

System and method for all optical electrode interface for bioengineering application

The present disclosure relates to an electro-optical modulator system having a source laser which generates an input optical signal. The input optical signal is received by an electro-optical module. The electro-optical module is implantable into an anatomy and includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel has associated therewith an electrode and an optical modulator subsystem. The electrode receives electrical signals from the anatomy. The optical modulator subsystem receives the input optical signal and modulates the input optical signal to generate modulated optical output signals in relation to the received electrical signals. A detector subsystem may be used to receive and collect the modulated optical output signals.

Patra, Susant K.↗

DOE OSTI2021

Solid-state laminate electrode assemblies and methods of making

Solid-state laminate electrode assemblies and various methods for making the solid-state laminate electrode assemblies involve a lithium metal layer reactively bonded to a lithium ion conducting sulfide glass layer. During manufacture, highly reactive surfaces of the lithium metal layer and the lithium ion conducting sulfide glass layer are maintained in its substantially unpassivated state until they have been reactively bonded.

Visco, Steven J.↗

DOE OSTI2022

Preparation of: I. intercalative metal oxide/conductive polymer composites as electrode materials for rechargeable batteries; II. sodium rich manganese oxide hydrate with capacity for aqueous Na-ion electrochemical energy storage

The present invention is directed at intercalative metal oxide/conductive polymer composites suitable for use as electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. The composites can be prepared by agitation of the metal oxide and the conductive polymer in aqueous media. The present invention is also directed at a sodium rich layered manganese oxide hydrate prepared by annealing manganese (II, III) oxide and sodium hydroxide. The sodium rich manganese (III, IV) oxide so formed indicates an enhanced capacity for Na-ion storage suitable for the use of electrode materials for aqueous energy storage.

Xiaowei, Teng↗

DOE OSTI2022

Methods of forming electrode structures

An electrode structure and its method of manufacture are disclosed. The disclosed electrode structures may be manufactured by depositing a first release layer on a first carrier substrate. A first protective layer may be deposited on a surface of the first release layer and a first electroactive material layer may then be deposited on the first protective layer. Subsequently, the first carrier substrate may be delaminated from the first release layer. The first release layer may then be removed from the first protective layer by dissolution in an electrolyte. The first protective layer may have a low mean peak to valley surface roughness and/or may be thin. In some embodiments, an interface between the first protective layer and the first electroactive material layer has a low mean peak to valley surface roughness. In some embodiments, a thickness of the first protective layer is greater than a mean peak to valley roughness of the first release layer. In some embodiments, an adhesive strength between the first release layer and the first protective layer is greater than an adhesive strength between the first release layer and the first carrier substrate.

Mikhaylik, Yuriy V.↗

DOE OSTI2022

Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 )—multiwalled carbon nanotube composite structures with performance as high rate electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

A method of synthesizing an electrode material for lithium ion batteries from Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to yield (Fe 3 O 4 -NWNTs) composite heterostructures. The method includes linking the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes using a π-π interaction synthesis process to yield the composite heterostructure electrode material. Since Fe 3 O 4 has an intermediate voltage, it can be considered an anode (when paired with a higher voltage material) or a cathode (when paired with a lower voltage material).

Wong, Stanislaus↗

DOE OSTI2022

Lithium battery electrodes

Electrode materials for electrochemical cells and batteries and methods of producing such materials are disclosed herein. The electrode materials comprise an active lithium metal oxide material prepared by: (a) contacting the lithium metal oxide material with an aqueous acidic solution containing one or more metal cations; and (b) heating the so-contacted lithium metal oxide from step (a) to dryness at a temperature below 200° C. The metal cations in the aqueous acidic solution comprise one or more metal cations selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal ion, a transition metal ion, and a main group metal ion.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Protective coatings for lithium metal electrodes

Double-layered protective coatings for lithium metal electrodes, as well as methods of formation relating thereto, are provided. The negative electrode assembly includes an electroactive material layer including lithium metal and a protective dual-layered coating. The protective dual-layered coating includes a polymeric layer disposed on a surface of the electroactive material layer and an inorganic layer disposed on an exposed surface of the polymeric layer. The polymeric layer has an elastic modulus of greater than or equal to about 0.01 GPa to less than or equal to about 410 GPa. The inorganic layer has an elastic modulus of greater than or equal to about 10 GPa to less than or equal to about 1000 GPa.

Xiao, Xingcheng↗

DOE OSTI2023

Making lithium metal—seawater battery cells having protected lithium electrodes

Visco, Steven J.↗

DOE OSTI2023

Engineering catalytical electrodes for applications in energy areas

An ink formulation and electrode that enhances hydrogen production, oxygen production, carbon dioxide reduction and other electrocatalytic reactions. Embodiments include an ink formulation with polymer binders having different catalytical precursors and a 3D electrode produced by additive manufacturing from the inventor's ink formulation. Various embodiments of the inventor's apparatus, systems, and methods provide inks that that are 3D-printed into patterns that optimize surface area and flow. The catalytic materials are imbedded into the ink matrix which is then printed into a 3D structure that has architecture that optimizes surface area and flow properties.

Liang, Siwei↗

DOE OSTI2023

Nanostructured electrode for energy storage device

Disclosed herein is electrode comprising a current collector comprising a conductor layer having at least a first surface; and elongated metal carbide nanostructures extending from the first surface; and a carbonaceous energy storage media disposed on the first surface and in contact with the elongated metal carbide nanostructures. Disclosed herein too is an ultracapacitor comprising at least one electrode comprising a current collector comprising a conductor layer having at least a first surface; and elongated metal carbide nanostructures extending from the first surface; and a carbonaceous energy storage media disposed on the first surface and in contact with the elongated metal carbide nanostructures.

Brambilla, Nicolò Michele↗

DOE OSTI2023

Polyoxometalate derivatized metal oxide electrodes

A porous transparent electrode is formed where a film comprising of semiconducting nanoparticles is decorated with polyoxometalates (POMs) bonded to their surfaces. The semiconducting nanoparticles are transparent metal oxide. The semiconducting nanoparticles include tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). In an embodiment, the POM is [SiW 12 O 40 ]L 4− ; [α-P 2 W 18 O 62 ] 6− ; or [α 2 -P 2 W 17 O 61 ] 10− . The semiconducting nanoparticles bond to the POM through a combination of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The porous transparent electrode can be placed in a protonated form or ion-paired with alkali metal cations or tetraalkylammonium cations.

Dares, Christopher J.↗

DOE OSTI2023

Graphene monoxide compositions of matter and electrodes comprising them

A composition of graphene-based nanomaterials characterized by at least one area of one atomic layer of graphene monoxide, wherein at least a portion of oxygen molecules present in the graphene monoxide are incorporated into specific crystalline structural moieties, methods of making the same, electrodes in electrochemical devices incorporating the same, and compositions of lithium and graphene monoxide containing materials that result from cycling said electrodes.

Hirschmugl, Carol J.↗

DOE OSTI2024

Process Optimization of Carbon Electrode Materials Manufacturing by Experimental Study and Machine Learning Techniques

Electrospun carbon fibers from coal have been investigated as electrodes for batteries and supercapacitors. Despite the excellent properties of coal-derived carbon fibers (CCNF) for energy storage devices, there still lacks systematic understanding on how various process parameters affect final electrode performances, which poses challenges to scale from pilot to high volume manufacturing. The goals of this project are twofold. First, we focuse on process optimization for converting a new precursor from powder river basin (PRB) coal, referred to as coal-based polyurethane (CPU) to CCNF using electrospinning. Second, different machine learning techniques will be examined using experimental data from this work and open literature. Specifically, for CPU the following process parameters need to be characterized and optimized in order to produce CCNFs with desirable mechanical integrity and physiochemical properties: precursor composition and viscosity, operating voltage and distance, oxidation and carbonization temperature and duration. Consequently, physiochemical properties of the fibers were characterized to correlate these process parameters with desirable electrochemical performance. Given the complex nature of the fiber production process, ML models are assessed for their ability to capture the nonlinear relationship between process parameters and the electrochemical properties in applications including supercapacitors. As such, we applied various machine learning techniques, to determine which technique produces a model that best predicts device function.

Cincotta, Robert E.F.↗

DOE OSTI2024

Nanostructured electrode for energy storage device

Brambilla, Nicolo Michele↗

DOE OSTI2024

Solvents and slurries comprising a poly(carboxylic acid) binder for silicon electrode manufacture

An silicon-containing electrode is formed by coating a silicon-containing slurry onto a conductive current collector. The slurry comprises a binder solution comprising a poly(carboxylic acid) binder dissolved in a mixed solvent system comprising an amide solvent of Formula I, as described herein, and a second solvent which can be water and/or an organic solvent. The binder preferably comprises poly(acrylic acid). The mixed solvent system comprises about 10 to about 99 vol % of the amide solvent of Formula I. The binder solution is utilized as a solvent for a slurry of silicon-containing particles for preparing the silicon-containing electrode. The slurries comprising the mixed solvent system have higher viscosity and are more stable than slurries containing the same concentrations of silicon particles, carbon particles, and binder in water as the sole solvent.

Zhang, Lu↗

DOE OSTI2021

Chemical Interplay of Silicon and Graphite in a Composite Electrode in SEI Formation

In this study, we investigated the effect of the Si/graphite weight ratio in half-cells on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer's chemistry. The nominal concentrations of active materials were (wt % Si/wt % Gr) 15/73, 30/58, 60/28, and 80/0. The electrolyte in the cells consisted of either 1.2 M LiPF 6 in ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate (3:7 by wt) or 1.2 M LiPF 6 in ethylene carbonate:ethyl methyl carbonate (3:7 by wt) + 10 wt % fluoroethylene carbonate. These coin cells were cycled five times at the C/10 rate. As expected, the addition of silicon to the electrode significantly increased the measured capacity. Examination of the aged composite material showed that the electrolyte influenced the concentration of chemical environments on the surface. Depth profiling revealed that these concentrations of surface environments changed with sputtering time. A statistics-of-mixtures model was used to deconvolute how silicon and graphite interacted during the formation of these species and how the interaction changed with depth.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗