Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “system integration”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,189 records · Page 66
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Techno‐Economic Analysis of Additively‐Manufactured Wind Turbine Blade Tips That Enable Technology Integration

The Additively‐Manufactured, System‐Integrated Tip (AMSIT) project is leveraging the flexibility of 3D printing to integrate several technologies in a wind turbine blade tip, while reducing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) produced. The design integration is demonstrated for a 200‐kW–scale turbine with 13‐m blades, with the outer 15% of the blade replaced with a 3D‐printed design. Aerodynamic performance is enhanced without increasing swept area through inclusion of a winglet and surface texturing, both challenging for traditional manufacturing. Longevity and durability are improved through integrated lightning and leading edge erosion protection. Increased power, reduced repair frequency, and ease of repair through blade modularity all contribute to reduced LCOE. The analysis is also extended to modern MW‐scale designs to estimate the impact of the technology at scale, demonstrating the potential to reduce LCOE significantly for modern onshore turbines, with even higher potential savings offshore.

3D printing↗
NASA NTRS1978

GASP-PL/I Simulation of Integrated Avionic System Processor Architectures

A development study sponsored by NASA was completed in July 1977 which proposed a complete integration of all aircraft instrumentation into a single modular system. Instead of using the current single-function aircraft instruments, computers compiled and displayed inflight information for the pilot. A processor architecture called the Team Architecture was proposed. This is a hardware/software approach to high-reliability computer systems. A follow-up study of the proposed Team Architecture is reported. GASP-PL/1 simulation models are used to evaluate the operating characteristics of the Team Architecture. The problem, model development, simulation programs and results at length are presented. Also included are program input formats, outputs and listings.

Brent, G. A.↗
NASA NTRS1995

An Accelerated Development, Reduced Cost Approach to Lunar/Mars Exploration Using a Modular NTR-Based Space Transportation System

The results of integrated systems and mission studies are presented which quantify the benefits and rationale for developing a common, modular lunar/Mars space transportation system (STS) based on nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) technology. At present NASA's Exploration Program Office (ExPO) is considering chemical propulsion for an 'early return to the Moon' and NTR propulsion for the more demanding Mars missions to follow. The time and cost to develop these multiple systems are expected to be significant. The Nuclear Propulsion Office (NPO) has examined a variety of lunar and Mars missions and heavy lift launch vehicle (HLLV) options in an effort to determine a 'standardized' set of engine and stage components capable of satisfying a wide range of Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) missions. By using these components in a 'building block' fashion, a variety of single and multi-engine lunar and Mars vehicles can be configured. For NASA's 'First Lunar Outpost' (FLO) mission, an expendable NTR stage powered by two 50 klbf engines can deliver approximately 96 metric tons (t) to translunar injection (TLI) conditions for an initial mass in low earth orbit (IMLEO) of approximately 198 t compared to 250 t for a cryogenic chemical TLI stage. The NTR stage liquid hydrogen (LH2) tank has a 10 m diameter, 14.5 m length, and 66 t LH2 capacity. The NTR utilizes a UC-ZrC-graphite 'composite' fuel with a specific impulse (Isp) capability of approximately 900 s and an engine thrust-to-weight ratio of approximately 4.3. By extending the size and LH2 capacity of the lunar NTR stage to approximately 20 m and 96 t, respectively, a single launch Mars cargo vehicle capable of delivering approximately 50 t of surface payload is possible. Three 50 klbf NTR engines and the two standardized LH2 tank sizes developed for lunar and Mars cargo vehicle applications would be used to configure the Mars piloted vehicle for a mission as early as 2010. The paper describes the features of the 'common' NTR-based moon/Mars STS, examines performance sensitivities resulting from different 'mission mode' assumptions, and quantifies potential schedule and cost benefits resulting from this modular moon/Mars NTR vehicle approach.

Borowski, S.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Integrating Planning, Diagnosis and Execution for Vehicle Systems Management

We describe a prototype Vehicle System Manager (VSM) for NASA’s Gateway, a human-capable spacecraft that will also be capable of autonomous operations. The VSM consists of an execution system, planner, and fault management system, integrated via an over-arching mission management compo- nent. We describe the VSM architecture and each of its com- ponents. We describe a series of use cases, centered on a spacecraft propulsive operation that can fail at different times, for different reasons, and how the VSM detects and responds to these failures. We show the VSM is capable of detecting faults and loss of capability, and subsequently replanning, in the presence of each failure scenario.

Planning↗
NASA NTRS2010

Status of the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument Module System

The Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is discussed from a systems perspective with emphasis on development status and advanced technology aspects. The ISIM is one of three elements that comprise the JWST space vehicle and is the science instrument payload of the JWST. The major subsystems of this flight element and their build status are described.

Greenhouse, Matthew A.↗
NASA NTRS1977

A computer software system for integration and analysis of grid-based remote sensing data with other natural resource data

This report describes a computer-based information system designed to assist in the integration of commonly available spatial data for regional planning and resource analysis. The Resource Analysis Program (RAP) provides a variety of analytical and mapping phases for single factor or multi-factor analyses. The unique analytical and graphic capabilities of RAP are demonstrated with a study conducted in Windsor Township, Eaton County, Michigan. For this study, soil, land cover/use, topographic and geological maps were used as a data base to develop an eleven map portfolio. The major themes of the portfolio are land cover/use, nonpoint water pollution, waste disposal, and ground water recharge.

Tilmann, S. E.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Integrated Molten Salt Reactor Modeling Capabilities in NEAMS Thermal Hydraulics Tools

The DOE neams program supports a full range of computational thermal fluids analysis capabilities and code developments for a broad range of advanced reactor concepts. The research and development approach under the thermal fluids technical area synergistically combines three length and time scales in a hierarchical multi-scale approach. To enable multi-scale thermal fluids capability using these codes, a key joint effort has been underway to develop an integrated system- and engineering-scale thermal fluids analysis capability, through integration of SAM and Pronghorn codes, both based on the MOOSE framework. This report summarizes recent advances in developing an integrated system- and engineering-scale modeling capability for the msr concept, which has gained significant interest in recent years. A consistent framework was established by coupling Pronghorn and SAM through the Saline interface, with thermophysical properties provided by the Molten Salt Thermal Property Database (MSTDB-TP). Further improvements were made to the coupling schemes and domain-overlapping strategies, enhancing the stability and robustness of multi-code simulations. Verification and validation efforts demonstrate the accuracy of this integration across a range of benchmark problems, including one-dimensional heated pipe flows, three-dimensional natural convection loops with evolving isotopic compositions, and \gls{msre} demonstration cases. Within Pronghorn, new capabilities were introduced to model corrosion and noble-metal plating phenomena, supported by an extended thermal-hydraulics framework and refined turbulence treatments. To capture two-phase flow behavior, a multiphase Euler–Euler model was implemented in Pronghorn, including advanced closure relations, high-resolution advection techniques, and capillary force reconstruction. Preliminary verification cases confirm the fidelity of the approach, while planned validation efforts target canonical multiphase benchmarks and application to msr components such as the msre pump bowl. Finally, updates to SAM’s msr mass transfer modeling were extended to consider noble gas migration into porous structures like graphite. The point kinetics model was updated to include reactivity feedback contributions from any defined species, such as xenon. The gas transport model was expanded for applicability to gas mixtures, bubble efflux phenomena, and species transport between liquid and gas phases. A selection of multi-scale Sherwood number correlations from MOSCATO/NekRS and multi-phase correlations from literature have been added for improved accuracy in calculating mass transfer coefficients. A companion effort on developing system-level redox corrosion has also been incorporated into SAM. Collectively, these enhancements strengthen the predictive capability of SAM and Pronghorn for simulating MSR thermal-hydraulics, corrosion, multiphase behavior, and fission-product transport, providing a more complete toolset for design, safety analysis, and licensing support of next-generation \gls{msr}s.

42 - ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Modeling and Integration of Flexible Demand in Heat and Electricity Integrated Energy System

This paper is focused on utilizing customers' flexible energy demand, including both heat demand and electricity demand, to provide balancing resources and relieve the difficulties of integrating variable wind power with the combined heat and power. The integration of heat and electricity energy systems providing customers with multiple options for fulfilling their energy demand is described. Customer aggregators are introduced to supply downstream demand in the most economical way. Controlling customers' energy consumption behaviors enables aggregators to adjust their energy demand in response to supply conditions. Incorporating aggregators' flexible energy demand into the centralized energy dispatch model, a two-level optimization problem (TLOP) is first formed where the system operatormaximizes social welfare subject to aggregators' strategies, which minimize the energy purchase cost. Furthermore, the subproblems are linearized based on several reasonable assumptions. Optimal conditions of the subproblems are then transformed as energy demands to be described as explicit piecewise-linear functions of electricity prices corresponding to the demand bid curves. In this way, the TLOP is transformed to a standard optimization problem, which requires aggregators to only submit a demand bid to run the centralized energy dispatch program. All the parameters pertaining to the aggregators' energy consumption models are internalized in the bid curves. The proposed technique is illustrated in a modified testing system.

combined heat and power (CHP)↗
NASA NTRS2019

NEXT Single String Integration Tests in Support of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test Mission

A system integration test has been performed utilizing a prototype model NEXT ion thruster, an engineering model power processing unit, and a laboratory model command and data handling system. The objectives of the test were to: a) verify that the integrated system meets performance requirements, b) demonstrate that the integrated system is functional across the anticipated thermal, power processor, and Xe propellant ranges for the DART mission, and to c) evaluate fault detection and operation of the command and data handling system. Measurements made during this test included: thruster performance, PPU input voltages, PPU electrical and thermal telemetry, software states, and fault flags. Additionally, a far-field electrostatic probe diagnostic was used to infer relative changes in the thrust vector across the various propellant flow splits. This manuscript presents the results of these tests, which include integrated ion propulsion system demonstrations of performance, details on the execution of DART flight algorithms, and software fault handling.

Thomas, Robert E.↗
NASA NTRS2019

NEXT Single String Integration Tests in Support of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test Mission

A system integration test has been performed utilizing a prototype model NEXT ion thruster, an engineering model power processing unit, and a laboratory model command and data handling system. The objectives of the test were to: a) verify that the integrated system meets performance requirements, b) demonstrate that the integrated system is functional across the anticipated thermal, power processor, and Xe propellant ranges for the DART mission, and to c) evaluate fault detection and operation of the command and data handling system. Measurements made during this test included: thruster performance, PPU input voltages, PPU electrical and thermal telemetry, software states, and fault flags. Additionally, a far-field electrostatic probe diagnostic was used to infer relative changes in the thrust vector across the various propellant flow splits. This manuscript presents the results of these tests, which include integrated ion propulsion system demonstrations of performance, details on the execution of DART flight algorithms, and software fault handling.

Thomas, Robert↗
DOE OSTI2018

Fast iterative refinement method for mixed systems of integral and fractional integro-differential equations

The authors’ new method of iterative refinement has been successfully applied to the linear fractional Fredholm integro-differential equation. In this work, we adapt our method to obtain approximate analytical solutions for linear Volterra equations of both the first and the second kind of fractional type. A detailed convergence analysis is presented for each kind. The authors also apply their method to the challenging first kind linear Fredholm integral equation. Three different cases are considered to test the efficacy of our method. These include mixed systems of various forms of linear integral and fractional integro-differential equations. We compare our method with six well-established methods: Picard’s successive approximations, an accelerated form of the latter, the Adomian decomposition, the variational iteration, the homotopy perturbation and the homotopy analysis. The results show the versatility of the new method in solving a wide variety of equations, its high convergence speed and accuracy and its capability of directly dealing with equations of the first kind. We also prove that Picard’s method for linear equations is a special case of our method.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2015

Classical integrability for beta-ensembles and general Fokker-Planck equations

Beta-ensembles of random matrices are naturally considered as quantum integrable systems, in particular, due to their relation with conformal field theory, and more recently appeared connection with quantized Painlevé Hamiltonians. Here, we demonstrate that, at least for even integer beta, these systems are classically integrable, e.g., there are Lax pairs associated with them, which we explicitly construct. To come to the result, we show that a solution of every Fokker-Planck equation in one space (and one time) dimensions can be considered as a component of an eigenvector of a Lax pair. The explicit finding of the Lax pair depends on finding a solution of a governing system–a closed system of two nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) of hydrodynamic type. This result suggests that there must be a solution for all values of beta. We find the solution of this system for even integer beta in the particular case of quantum Painlevé II related to the soft edge of the spectrum for beta-ensembles. The solution is given in terms of Calogero system of β/2 particles in an additional time-dependent potential. Thus, we find another situation where quantum integrability is reduced to classical integrability.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

IER-517: Molybdenum Optimized Benchmark System Demonstrating Integral Correlations (MOBY DICK)

Nuclear criticality experiments are essential to the validation of nuclear data used in simulation software. The quality of nuclear data becomes paramount as simulation software becomes more relied upon for criticality safety studies and designs of nuclear systems. To improve the quality of nuclear data, experimenters can design critical experiments that are sensitive to isotope reaction pairs in materials of interest. The efforts conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD-NEA) Working Party on Nuclear Criticality Safety (WPNCS) Subgroup 8: Preservation of Expert Knowledge and Judgement Applied to Criticality Benchmarks (SG8) to categorize benchmarks according to their usefulness for nuclear data validation have been of great importance. Based on the OECD studies benchmark experiments included in the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) Handbook are concisely used by nuclear data evaluators, criticality safety engineers and others to validate nuclear data and simulation results. A lack of benchmarks sensitive to molybdenum in the (ICSBEP), particularly in the intermediate range, was noted by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the French Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), and Y-12 National Security Site prompting them to submit a joint integral experiment request to the Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP) in 2019. The request included both HEU and Plutonium systems in order to validate differential nuclear data focusing on the intermediate energy range but also includes thermal and fast configurations. This document represents the preliminary design work for a series of molybdenum integral experiments known as Molybdenum Optimized Benchmark System Demonstrating Integral Correlations (MOBY DICK).

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Studying the Impact of Distributed Solar PV on Power Systems Using Integrated Transmission and Distribution Models

Rapid growth of distributed energy resources has prompted increasing interest in integrated Transmission (T) and Distribution (D) modeling. This paper presents the results of a distributed generation from solar photovoltaics (DGPV) impact assessment study that was performed using a synthetic T &D model. The primary objective of the study was to present a new approach for DGPV impact assessment, where along with detailed models of transmission and distribution networks, consumer loads were modeled using the physics of end-use equipment, and DGPV was geographically dispersed and connected to the secondary distribution networks. The study highlights (i) how a lack of DGPV forecasting can increase the Area Control Error (ACE) at the transmission level for high penetration levels; and (ii) how capturing transmission voltage changes using integrated T &D can change simulated distribution voltage profiles and voltage regulator operations between integrated T &D and distribution-only simulations.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2013

STRS Radio Service Software for NASA's SCaN Testbed

NASA's Space Communication and Navigation(SCaN) Testbed was launched to the International Space Station in 2012. The objective is to promote new software defined radio technologies and associated software application reuse, enabled by this first flight of NASA's Space Telecommunications Radio System (STRS) architecture standard. Pre-launch testing with the testbed's software defined radios was performed as part of system integration. Radio services for the JPL SDR were developed during system integration to allow the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, especially considering thermal effects. These services include receiver gain control, frequency offset, IQ modulator balance, and transmit level control. Development, integration, and environmental testing of the radio services will be described. The added software allows the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, and can be reused by future experimenters testing different waveform applications. Integrating such services with the platform provided STRS operating environment will attract more users, and these services are candidates for interface standardization via STRS.

Mortensen, Dale J.↗
NASA NTRS2012

STRS Radio Service Software for NASA's SCaN Testbed

NASAs Space Communication and Navigation(SCaN) Testbed was launched to the International Space Station in 2012. The objective is to promote new software defined radio technologies and associated software application reuse, enabled by this first flight of NASAs Space Telecommunications Radio System(STRS) architecture standard. Pre-launch testing with the testbeds software defined radios was performed as part of system integration. Radio services for the JPL SDR were developed during system integration to allow the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, especially considering thermal effects. These services include receiver gain control, frequency offset, IQ modulator balance, and transmit level control. Development, integration, and environmental testing of the radio services will be described. The added software allows the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, and can be reused by future experimenters testing different waveform applications. Integrating such services with the platform provided STRS operating environment will attract more users, and these services are candidates for interface standardization via STRS.

Mortensen, Dale J.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Pressure-Sensor Assembly Technique

Nielsen Engineering & Research (NEAR) recently developed an ultrathin data acquisition system for use in turbomachinery testing at NASA Glenn Research Center. This system integrates a microelectromechanical- systems- (MEMS-) based absolute pressure sensor [0 to 50 psia (0 to 345 kPa)], temperature sensor, signal-conditioning application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), microprocessor, and digital memory into a package which is roughly 2.8 in. (7.1 cm) long by 0.75 in. (1.9 cm) wide. Each of these components is flip-chip attached to a thin, flexible circuit board and subsequently ground and polished to achieve a total system thickness of 0.006 in. (0.15 mm). Because this instrument is so thin, it can be quickly adhered to any surface of interest where data can be collected without disrupting the flow being investigated. One issue in the development of the ultrathin data acquisition system was how to attach the MEMS pressure sensor to the circuit board in a manner which allowed the sensor s diaphragm to communicate with the ambient fluid while providing enough support for the chip to survive the grinding and polishing operations. The technique, developed by NEAR and Jabil Technology Services Group (San Jose, CA), is described below. In the approach developed, the sensor is attached to the specially designed circuit board, see Figure 1, using a modified flip-chip technique. The circular diaphragm on the left side of the sensor is used to actively measure the ambient pressure, while the diaphragm on the right is used to compensate for changes in output due to temperature variations. The circuit board is fabricated with an access hole through it so that when the completed system is installed onto a wind tunnel model (chip side down), the active diaphragm is exposed to the environment. After the sensor is flip-chip attached to the circuit board, the die is underfilled to support the chip during the subsequent grinding and polishing operations. To prevent this underfill material from getting onto the sensor s diaphragms, the circuit board is fabricated with two 25- micrometer-tall polymer rings, sized so that the diaphragms fit inside the rings once the chip is attached.

Pruzan, Daniel A.↗