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At least 1,189 records · Page 66
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Spaceflight Environmental-Telemetry Data for Biological Science

There is a critical need for better access and visualization of spaceflight environmental telemetry and mission hardware data from sensors including relative humidity, carbon dioxide, oxygen, radiation, airflow, temperature, acceleration, and acoustics. Under the stewardship of the Ames Life Sciences Data Archive (ALSDA) and GeneLab, an effort is underway to consolidate, normalize and provide accessibility of archived mission environmental data and hardware information, with the purpose of providing important context to biological data. This effort is necessary to provide scientific context of its impact upon biological and biomedical data from spaceflight missions and experiments (genomic, metagenomic, gene expression, proteomic, metabolomic, physiological, phenomics, behavioral; tabular, imaging, video). Environmental spaceflight data is derived from dozens of sources, with various formats, and in the past year a pipeline is in development to collect, curate and present this data efficiently. In the upcoming year, a new Data Visualization Portal will utilize the standardized pipeline data to provide easy user access to compare parameters and environmental conditions between missions, locations, subjects, and durations. Environmental and hardware data enables broad accessibility and analytics, without the need for advanced data informatic expertise. Familiarity with the capabilities and limitations of a variety of existing hardware/tools is a strength that could be applied to creation of improved hardware for future ecosystems on the Moon and Mars. The intention is to make biological and environmental telemetry data maximally open-access and FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) for data mining-informatic approaches to support knowledge discovery necessary for low Earth orbit, cis-Lunar, Mars transit, and Mars surface missions.

Danielle K. Lopez↗
NASA NTRS2010

Community-Based Services that Facilitate Interoperability and Intercomparison of Precipitation Datasets from Multiple Sources

Over the past 12 years, large volumes of precipitation data have been generated from space-based observatories (e.g., TRMM), merging of data products (e.g., gridded 3B42), models (e.g., GMAO), climatologies (e.g., Chang SSM/I derived rain indices), field campaigns, and ground-based measuring stations. The science research, applications, and education communities have greatly benefited from the unrestricted availability of these data from the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) and, in particular, the services tailored toward precipitation data access and usability. In addition, tools and services that are responsive to the expressed evolving needs of the precipitation data user communities have been developed at the Precipitation Data and Information Services Center (PDISC) (http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/precipitation or google NASA PDISC), located at the GES DISC, to provide users with quick data exploration and access capabilities. In recent years, data management and access services have become increasingly sophisticated, such that they now afford researchers, particularly those interested in multi-data set science analysis and/or data validation, the ability to homogenize data sets, in order to apply multi-variant, comparison, and evaluation functions. Included in these services is the ability to capture data quality and data provenance. These interoperability services can be directly applied to future data sets, such as those from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. This presentation describes the data sets and services at the PDISC that are currently used by precipitation science and applications researchers, and which will be enhanced in preparation for GPM and associated multi-sensor data research. Specifically, the GES-DISC Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) will be illustrated. Giovanni enables scientific exploration of Earth science data without researchers having to perform the complicated data access and match-up processes. In addition, PDISC tool and service capabilities being adapted for GPM data will be described, including the Google-like Mirador data search and access engine; semantic technology to help manage large amounts of multi-sensor data and their relationships; data access through various Web services (e.g., OPeNDAP, GDS, WMS, WCS); conversion to various formats (e.g., netCDF, HDF, KML (for Google Earth)); visualization and analysis of Level 2 data profiles and maps; parameter and spatial subsetting; time and temporal aggregation; regridding; data version control and provenance; continuous archive verification; and expertise in data-related standards and interoperability. The goal of providing these services is to further the progress towards a common framework by which data analysis/validation can be more easily accomplished.

Liu, Zhong↗
NASA NTRS1971

IMP series report/bibliography

The main characteristics of the IMP spacecraft and experiments are considered and the scientific knowledge gained is presented in the form of abstracts of scientific papers using IMP data. Spacecraft characteristics, including temporal and spatial coverages, are presented followed by an annotated bibliography. Experiments conducted on all IMP's (including prelaunch IMP's H and J) are described. Figures are presented showing the time histories, through the end of 1970, of magnetic field, plasma, and energetic particle experiments.

King, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1974

MSFC Skylab instrumentation and communication system mission evaluation

An evaluation of the in-orbit performance of the instrumentation and communications systems installed on Skylab is presented. Performance is compared with functional requirements and the fidelity of communications. In-orbit performance includes processing engineering, scientific, experiment, and biomedical data, implementing ground-generated commands, audio and video communication, generating rendezvous ranging information, and radio frequency transmission and reception. A history of the system evolution based on the functional requirements and a physical description of the launch configuration is included. The report affirms that the instrumentation and communication system satisfied all imposed requirements.

Adair, B. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

MSFC Skylab corollary experiments

The evolution of the development and integration of Skylab experiments from initial concepts through mission operations is documented. All experiment systems are covered as well as management controls which were developed and exercised to assure acceptable operational capability and optimize data acquisition for final scientific results.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1977

Vectorcardiograph

A system for quantitating the cardiac electrical activity of Skylab crewmen was required for three medical experiments (M092, Lower Body Negative Pressure; M171, Metabolic Activity; and M093, In-flight Vectorcardiogram) designed to evaluate the effects of space flight on the human cardiovascular system. A Frank lead vectorcardiograph system was chosen for this task because of its general acceptability in the scientific community and its data quantification capabilities. To be used effectively in space flight, however, the system had to meet certain other requirements. The system was required to meet the specifications recommended by the American Heart Association. The vectorcardiograph had to withstand the extreme conditions of the space environment. The system had to provide features that permitted ease of use in the orbital environment. The vectorcardiograph system performed its intended function throughout all the Skylab missions without a failure. A description of this system follows.

Lintott, J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Sea truth and environmental characterization studies of Mobile Bay, Alabama, utilizing ERTS-1, data collection platforms

The paper reports on the scientific results obtained during a feasibility study that evaluated the potential of using ERTS data collection platforms (DCPs) in the coastal environment of Mobile Bay, Alabama. The utility of instrumented buoys operated in a coastal marine environment as ERTS DCPs is demonstrated. It is shown that these platforms are capable of providing both sea-truth data for ERTS imagery studies and time-series data for event monitoring and/or environmental characterization studies.

Schroeder, W. W.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Mars synthetic topographic mapping

Topographic contour maps of Mars are compiled by synthesizing data acquired from various scientific experiments of the Mariner 9 mission, including S-band radio occultation, the UV spectrometer, the IR radiometer, the IR interferometer spectrometer, and television imagery, as well as earth-based radar information. The entire planet is mapped at scales of 1:25,000,000 and 1:5,000,000 using Mercator, Lambert, and polar stereographic map projections. For the computation of map projections, a biaxial spheroid figure is adopted. The semimajor and semiminor axes are 3393.4 and 3375.7 km, respectively, with a polar flattening of 0.0052. For the computation of elevations, a topographic datum is defined by a gravity field described in terms of spherical harmonics of fourth order and fourth degree combined with a 6.1-mbar occultation pressure surface. This areoid can be approximated by a triaxial ellipsoid with semimajor axes of A = 3394.6 km and B = 3393.3 km and a semiminor axis of C = 3376.3 km. The semimajor axis A intersects the Martian surface at longitude 105 deg W. The dynamic flattening of Mars is 0.00525. The contour interval of the maps is 1 km. For some prominent features where overlapping pictures from Mariner 9 are available, local contour maps at relatively larger scales were also compiled by photogrammetric methods on stereo plotters.

Wu, S. S. C.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Low cost transfer into useful sun-synchronous orbits at Mars

Mars oblateness has been found to provide sun-synchronous orbits, including orbits with stationary apsides, similar to those used at earth. A low mass and low data rate complement of scientific instruments placed in such orbits can provide exciting planetary investigations such as the Mars Orbiter Water Mission described herein. Use of a modest Shuttle kickstage (PAM-A) and existing spacecraft hardware makes this mission low-cost. A preliminary mission and spacecraft design is described. The major emphasis of the paper is on the mechanics of heliocentric transfer for the 1986 and 1988 launch opportunities, Martian sun-synchronous orbit geometries, injectable mass capabilities, and methods of achieving these scientifically useful orbits.

Glickman, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Voyager IRIS measurements of the Jovian atmosphere

The Jovian atmospheric observations from the Voyager infrared investigation are reviewed. Several spectroscopic problem areas presently limiting scientific interpretation of the data are emphasized.

Kunda, V. G.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Plasma wave experiment for the ISEE-3 mission

Results of analyses of data received from a scientific instrument designed to study solar wind and plasma wave phenomena on the ISEE-3 mission are discussed in two papers prepared for publication. A study of plasma wave levels in and interplanetary magnetic field orientation preceding observations of interplanetary shocks by the satellite infers that quasi-parallel, interplanetary shocks are preceded by foreshocks whose presence is not obviously attributable to scattering of ion beams generated at quasi-perpendicular zones of these interplanetary shocks. Investigations of whistler mode turbulence in the disturbed solar wind resulted in various indirect lines of evidence indicating that these whistler waves are generated propagating at large angles to the local interplanetary field, a fact which helps identify possible free energy sources for their growth.

Scarf, F. L.↗
NASA NTRS1981

The non-Federal oceanographic community: An overview

A portion of the broad domestic non-Federal oceanographic community that represents a potential market for satellite remote sensor derived oceanographic data and/or marine environmental information is presented. The overview consists of listings of individuals and/or organizations who have used, or are likely to use such data or information for scientific research, offshore engineering purposes, marine resources exploration and utilization, marine related operational applications, or coastal zone management.

Swetnick, M. A.↗
NASA NTRS1984

High resolution X- and gamma-ray spectroscopy of solar flares

A balloon-borne X- and gamma-ray instrument was developed, fabricated, and flown. This instrument has the highest energy resolution of any instrument flown to date for measurements of solar and cosmic X-ray and gamma-ray emission in the 13 to 600 keV energy range. The purpose of the solar measurements was to study electron acceleration and solar flare energy release processes. The cosmic observations were to search for cyclotron line features from neutron stars and for low energy gamma-ray lines from nucleosynthesis. The instrument consists of four 4 cm diameter, 1.3 cm thick, planar intrinsic germanium detectors cooled by liquid nitrogen and surrounded by CsI and NaI anti-coincidence scintillation crystals. A graded z collimator limited the field of view to 3 deg x 6 deg and a gondola pointing system provided 0.3 deg pointing accuracy. A total of four flights were made with this instrument. Additional funding was obtained from NSF for the last three flights, which had primarily solar objectives. A detailed instrument description is given. The main scientific results and the data analysis are discussed. Current work and indications for future work are summarized. A bibliography of publications resulting from this work is given.

Lin, R. P.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Status of Solar Measurements and Data Reduction for Erb-nimbus 7

The status of the Total Solar Irradiance data obtained using the cavity radiometer aboard the Earth Radiation Budget experiment of the Nimbus 7 satellite is described. The ERB experiment has a number of sensors which measure the radiative fluxes (both shortwave and infrared) leaving the Earth as well as the solar channels. The complexity of the processing of the Earth-flux data, both wide and narrow angle has necessitated a reprocessing effort which produces the final data. Since the solar data is embedded in the same data stream and tape product as the Earth-flux data, it was not generally available in a format convenient for analysis as a separate product. Values for the final data product only are presented and a few remarks concerning the basic features of the data. There is no scientific conclusions presented here other than those directly related to the measurement results. A set of tabulated values is appended.

Hickey, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1984

The preparation of the measurements at the PDS at the Padova Observatory: Report on an experience with the development of an astronomical data base environment

Some software facilities used mainly for information retrieval and analysis at the Padova-Asiago Observatory are discussed. These facilities help guest and resident astronomers to make easier the preparation of plate measurements. The problems connected with the creation, use and management of a data base in a scientific (astronomical) environment are reviewed on the basis of the experience gathered during the last three years. The development plan of the user session environment and its possible applications in a computer network are briefly sketched.

Benacchio, L.↗
NASA NTRS1986

In-flight flow visualization of F-106B leading-edge vortex using the vapor-screen technique

A flight program was conducted with the objective to study the vortex flow systems existing around the F-106B aircraft. Level 1-G decelerating flight with varying angle of attack was considered along with conditions involving G levels in the range from 4.5 to 5.5 and angles of attack in the range from 16 to 19 degrees. It was demonstrated that the vapor screen technique can be applied successfully to flight vehicles under a variety of test conditions, taking into consideration the transonic maneuver performed by fighter aircraft. Details regarding the employed in-flight flow visualization technique are discussed, taking into account the seeding system, the light sheet system, the video system, the control system, and the recording of the data. Attention is also given to the flight program, the data development, and the scientific observations.

Lamar, J. E.↗