Fracture toughness of duplex structures. I - Tough fibers in a brittle matrix.
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This paper gives some examples of projects underway. The projects are grouped according to the primary parameter being studied: loads, configuration, environment, or material. Significant topics include the effect of truncated loads, the effect of proof-tests, interference fasteners, accelerated and real-time tests for supersonic aircraft materials, crack-growth rates in built-up structures, and a model method by which material can be selected for a particular set of operating conditions.
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A method is presented for estimating the stress intensity factor characteristic of crack extension in a specially orthotropic advanced fiber composite laminate, based on the elastic properties and ultimate principal strengths of a lamina, the laminate construction, and the experimentally determined value of the characteristic stress intensity factor of an arbitrary angle-plied, midplane symmetric laminate. A comparison of the results obtained from this method with limited experimental data for graphite/epoxy laminates indicates that the method is quite accurate for this particular material system. The predictive method is also used, in conjunction with experimental data, to estimate the size of a damage zone surrounding the crack tip.
The author has identified the following significant results. The Mined Land Inventory map of Pike, Gibson, and Warrick Counties, Indiana, prepared from ERTS-1 imagery, was included in the 1973 Annual Report of the President's Council on Environmental Quality as an example of ERTS applications to mined lands. Increasing numbers of inquiries have been received from coal producing states and coal companies interested in the Indiana Program.
The criteria are presented for preventing space shuttle structural failure associated with crack initiation or propagation during fabrication, test, handling, and the operational life of the vehicle. The criteria discussed include: engineering responsibilities, assurance management, production, operation and test, procurement, critical parts selection, design, and structural analysis.
The author has identified the following significant results. The mine refuse inventory maps were prepared in response to a need by both the State and the coal industry. The lack of information on the scope of the problem handicapped all people concerned in drafting realistic legislation for a severance tax on coal production to raise funds for restoration of refuse sites. The inventory was conducted rapidly and economically, and demonstrated the benefits which can be derived through remote sensing methods.
Various properties of ceramic materials were investigated. Magnesium oxide and the role of anion impurities were investigated together with the slow crack growth in silicon nitride-silicon carbide ceramics. The oxide program involved development of fabrication techniques for anion doped materials and evaluation of the role of these anions in the hot pressing response, grain boundary diffusion of nickel doped material, grain boundary microhardness, and grain growth. The carbide-nitride work employed commercial materials and the research involved evaluation of a recently reported technique for study of slow crack growth and the development of data for these commercial materials.
It is shown that the ductility of several ternary beta brass alloys in air and in several liquid metals can be related to the operative slip and grain boundary relaxation processes. Nickel and manganese were chosen as alloying elements because they are expected to respectively enhance and suppress cross slip in beta brass. Single-phase binary and ternary beta brass alloys were used in both polycrystalline and single crystal form.
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An energy-balance analysis is presented for adhesive failure in end loaded cantilever beams. The analysis includes the effects of input work, stored strain energy, dissipated plastic energy, and specific adhesive surface energy. Experimental results obtained with 6061-T6 aluminum are presented as evidence for the validity of the approach.-
The results of a preliminary NDI program to examine the variability of flaw size detection limits in terms of specimen thickness and NDI procedures is reviewed and reanalyzed in terms of the variables involved. Penetrant, X-ray, eddy current, and ultrasonic methods developed independently at three separate laboratories were used to examine specimens having a range of thickness. The results are discussed in terms of the variables of thickness and NDI procedures.
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The first study area involved magnesium oxide and the role of anion impurities, while the second area was directed toward slow crack growth in silicon nitride-silicon carbide ceramics. The oxide program involved development of fabrication techniques for anion doped materials and evaluation of the role of these anions in the hot pressing response, grain boundary diffusion of nickel doped material, grain boundary microhardness, and grain growth.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.