Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “PAINT”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1991

Patterns of discoloration and oxidation by direct and scattered fluxes, especially oxygen on silicon

A number of interesting discoloration patterns are clearly evident on M0002-1 which resides on three faces of LDEF: front face, rear face, and earth face. Most interesting is the pattern of blue oxidation on polished single crystal silicon apparently produced by once-scattered ram oxygen atoms along the earth face. Most of the other patterns are seen in the Thermal Control Paint. Also, severe oxidation of CR-39 polycarbonate occurred on the front face of LDEF, as expected. A complete explanation for the patterns has not yet been obtained.

Frederickson, A. R.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Long Duration Exposure Facility experiment M0003 deintegration observations

The four trays of the M0003 materials experiment on LDEF contained over 1200 test articles from 19 subexperiments. The complete tests article complement represented a broad range of materials, including thin film optical coatings, paints, polymer sheets and tapes, adhesives, and composites, for use in various spacecraft applications including thermal control, structures, optics, and solar power. All of the test articles were examined individually using bright field, dark field, and Nomarski light microscopy techniques. The condition of the test articles were photo-documented and observed global and anomalous effects were recorded for the benefit of the subexperimenters.

Gyetvay, S. R.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Survey of results from the Boeing modules on the M0003 experiment on LDEF

The Boeing modules on the M0003 experiment included fiber optics, ceramic materials, a variety of electronic piece parts, composites and thermal control paints, fasteners, thin film lubricants, anodized surfaces, and adhesives. These materials were flown on the leading and trailing edge exteriors, and on the interior portion of LDEF M0003 providing exposure under three distinct environments. The condition of each of these material types is described. Results of optical, surface, and mechanical properties are presented.

Pippin, H. Gary↗
NASA NTRS1991

Results from analysis of Boeing composite specimens flown on LDEF experiment M0003

Specimens of three selected organic/graphite fiber composite materials were flown on both the leading and trailing edges of LDEF. Additional sets of compression, tension, flexure, and lap shear specimens were flown on the trailing edge. A large T300/934 panel was flown on the leading edge. One quarter of this specimen was directly exposed to a near ram environment; each of the other three quarters were covered with a different thermal control paint. Results of mechanical, optical, and chemical analysis of the specimens are presented. Recession rates of the fiber and resin under atomic oxygen exposure were estimated and are reported.

Hill, Sylvester G.↗
NASA NTRS1991

An overview of the first results on the solar array passive LDEF experiment (sample), AO171

Space environmental effects were visibly obvious on components of experiment AO171 which contained solar cells, composites, polymeric thin films, solar reflectors, protective coatings, metals, paints , and elastomers. Micrometeoroid/space debris impacts were observed on all experiment elements. Luminescence of polyimide, silicone, and polyurethane materials occurred under black light examination. Outgassing of RTV511 occurred mainly as a result of insufficient thermal vacuum bakeout. Solar cell degradation was predominantly below 10 percent. Elastomers lost mass and discolored; composites showed evidence of atomic oxygen attack, and unprotected thin polymer films eroded away.

Whitaker, Ann F.↗
NASA NTRS1991

LDEF active optical system components experiment

A preliminary report on the Active Optical System Components Experiment is presented. This experiment contained 136 components in a six-inch deep tray including lasers, infrared detectors and arrays, ultraviolet light detectors, light-emitting diodes, a light modulator, flash lamps, optical filters, glasses, and samples of surface finishes. The experimental results for those component characteristics appear as much related to the passage of time as to the effects of the space environment, but organic materials and extreme-infrared reflectivity of black paints show unexpected changes.

Blue, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1990

NASA Shuttle Logistics Depot (NSLD) - The application of ATE

The concept of the NASA Shuttle Logistics Depot (NSLD) developed for the Space Shuttle Orbiter Program is described. The function of the NSLD at Cape Canaveral is to perform the acceptance and diagnostic testing of the Shuttle's space-rated line-replaceable units and shop-replaceable units (SRUs). The NSLD includes a comprehensive electronic automatic test station, program development stations, and assorted manufacturing support equipment (including thermal and vibration test equipment, special test equipment, and a card SRU test system). The depot activities also include the establishment of the functions for manufacturing of mechanical parts, soldering, welding, painting, clean room operation, procurement, and subcontract management.

Simpkins, Lorenz G.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Automated thermal mapping techniques using chromatic image analysis

Thermal imaging techniques are introduced using a chromatic image analysis system and temperature sensitive coatings. These techniques are used for thermal mapping and surface heat transfer measurements on aerothermodynamic test models in hypersonic wind tunnels. Measurements are made on complex vehicle configurations in a timely manner and at minimal expense. The image analysis system uses separate wavelength filtered images to analyze surface spectral intensity data. The system was initially developed for quantitative surface temperature mapping using two-color thermographic phosphors but was found useful in interpreting phase change paint and liquid crystal data as well.

Buck, Gregory M.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Scatter from optical components; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Diego, CA, Aug. 8-10, 1989

Various papers on scatter from optical components are presented. Individual topics addressed include: BRDF of SiC and Al foam compared to black paint at 3.39 microns, characterization of optical baffle materials, bidirectional transmittance distribution function of several IR materials at 3.39 microns, thermal cycling effects on the BRDF of beryllium mirrors, BTDV of ZnSe with multilayer coatings at 3.39 microns, scattering from contaminated surfaces, cleanliness correlation by BRDF and PFO instruments, contamination effects on optical surfaces, means of eliminating the effects of particulate contamination on scatter measurements of superfine optical surfaces, vacuum BRDF measurement of cryogenic optical surfaces, Monte Carlo simulation of contaminant transport to and deposition on complex spacecraft surfaces, surface particle observation and BRDF predictions, satellite material contaminant optical properties, dark field photographic techniques for documenting optical surface contamination, design of a laboratory study of contaminant film darkening in space, contamination monitoring approaches for EUV space optics.

Stover, John C.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Flow studies in close-coupled ventral nozzles for STOVL aircraft

Flow in a generic ventral nozzle system was studied experimentally and analytically with the PARC3D computational fluid dynamics program (a full Navier-Stokes equations solver) in order to evaluate the program's ability to predict system performance and internal flow patterns. A generic model of a tailpipe with a rectangular ventral nozzle, about one-third of full size, was tested with unheated air at steady-state pressure ratios up to 4.0. Measurements showed about 5.5 percent flow-turning loss and reasonable nozzle performance coefficients. The flow turned more than the designed 90 deg, causing an aftward axial component in the total thrust. Flow behavior into and through the ventral duct is discussed and illustrated with paint streak flow visualization photographs. PARC3D graphic images are shown for comparison with the experiment photographs. The program successfully predicted internal flow patterns; it also computed thrust and discharge coefficients within 1 percent of measured values.

Mcardle, Jack G.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A new method for measuring low resistivity contacts between silver and YBa2Cu3O(7-x) superconductor

Several methods of measuring contact resistivity between silver electrodes and YBa2Cu3O(7-x) superconductors were investigated; including the two-point, the three point, and the lap-joint methods. The lap-joint method was found to yield the most consistent and reliable results and is proposed as a new technique for this measurement. Painting, embedding, and melting methods were used to apply the electrodes to the superconductor. Silver electrodes produced good ohmic contacts to YBa2Cu3O(7-x) superconductors with contact resistivities as low as 1.9 x 10 to the -9th ohm sq cm.

Hsi, Chi-Shiung↗
NASA NTRS1990

Preliminary flight test results from the advanced photovoltaic experiment

The Advanced Photovoltaic Experiment is a space flight test designed to provide reference cell standards for photovoltaic measurement as well as to investigate the solar spectrum and the effect of the space environment on solar cells. After a flight of 69 months in low earth orbit as part of the Long Duration Exposure Facility set of experiments, it was retrieved in January, 1990. The electronic data acquisition system functioned as designed, measuring and recording cell performance data over the first 358 days of flight, limited by battery lifetime. Significant physical changes are also readily apparent, including erosion of front surface paint, micrometeoroid and debris catering and contamination.

Brinker, David J.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Studies on the properties and performance of TiS2 cathodes

Influence of raw material source, processing methods, and cell operating voltage limits on the performance of TiS2 cathode was examined. Raw materials obtained from three different sources were investigated. TiS2 electrodes were fabricated by painting, rolling, and pressing methods. Raw materials and electrodes were characterized for their physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties. The results obtained indicated that the performance of TiS2 cathodes was dependent on the purity and stoichiometry of the TiS2 material. Fabrication methods were found to have minimal influence on the performance of cathodes. The capacity loss observed during the early stages of cycling was attributed to the trapping of lithium in TiS2. Operating voltage limits were found to have significant influence on the cycle life performance of the cells.

Huang, C.-K.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Preliminary results from the Advanced Photovoltaic Experiment flight test

The Advanced Phototovoltaic Experiment is a space flight test designed to provide reference cell standards for photovoltaic measurements and to investigate the solar spectrum and the effect of the space environment on solar cells. After a flight of 69 months in low earth orbit as part of the Long Duration Exposure Facility set of experiments, it was retrieved in January 1990. The electronic data acquisition system functioned as designed, measuring and recording cell performance data over the first 358 days of flight, limited by battery lifetime. Significant physical changes are also readily apparent, including erosion of front surface paint, micrometeoroid and debris cratering, and contamination.

Brinker, David J.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A charging study of the ACTS satellite using NASCAP

The results of a charging study conducted with the NASA Charging Analyzer Program (NASCAP) using a model of the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) are presented. The electrostatic discharge mechanisms are described including the field and potential threshold values that were monitored during the NASCAP simulation. Particular attention is given to the charging behavior of the ACTS inclined antennas. The data obtained indicate that the possibility of a discharge occurring in the immediate vicinity of the antennas is minimal when the semiconducting paint layer on the antenna's front surface has sufficient surface conductivity. It is shown that the metallized multilayer insulating blanket ACTS design provides good electrostatic discharge control.

Herr, Joel L.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Evaluation of thermal control coatings for use on solar dynamic radiators in low earth orbit

Thermal control coatings with high thermal emittance and low solar absorptance are needed for Space Station Freedom (SSF) solar dynamic power module radiator (SDR) surfaces for efficient heat rejection. Additionally, these coatings must be durable to low earth orbital (LEO) environmental effects of atomic oxygen, ultraviolet radiation and deep thermal cycles which occur as a result of start-up and shut-down of the solar dynamic power system. Eleven candidate coatings were characterized for their solar absorptance and emittance before and after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (200 to 400 nm), vacuum UV (VUV) radiation (100 to 200 nm) and atomic oxygen. Results indicated that the most durable and best performing coatings were white paint thermal control coatings Z-93, zinc oxide pigment in potassium silicate binder, and YB-71, zinc orthotitanate pigment in potassium silicate binder. Optical micrographs of these materials exposed to the individual environmental effects of atomic oxygen and vacuum thermal cycling showed that no surface cracking occurred.

Dever, Joyce A.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Atomic oxygen beam source for erosion simulation

A device for production of low-energy (5-10 eV) neutral atomic beams for surface modification studies, which recreates the flux of atomic oxygen in LEO, is described. The beam is produced by acceleration of plasma ions onto a negatively biased plate of high-Z metal; the ions are neutralized and reflected by the surface, retaining a large fraction of their incident kinetic energy, forming a beam of atoms. The device is based on a magnetically confined (3-4 kG) coaxial plasma source and the atom energy can be varied by adjusting the bias voltage. The source provides a neutral flux of roughly 5 x 10 to the 16th/sq cm/s at a distance of 10 cm and a fluence of roughly 10 to the 21st/sq cm in five hours. The source has been characterized with plasma diagnostics and by measuring the energy of an atomic argon beam using a mass spectrometer. Samples of carbon film, carbon-based paint, Kapton, Mylar, and Teflon exposed to atomic O beams show erosion quite similar to those observed in orbit on the Space Shuttle.

Cuthbertson, J. W.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Tape-Smoothing Tool For Adhesion Tests

Small tool smoothes adhesive tape uniformly to ensure consistency and repeatability of tape-peel tests of adhesion of paint to substrate. Includes resilient pad covered with tough, smooth fabric. Internal spring regulates force applied to tape.

Allen, Peter B.↗