Publisher's Note: Search for Dijet Resonances in 7 TeV pp Collisions at CMS [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 211801 (2010)]
No abstract prepared.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “INTERACTION RANGE”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Stronger Limits on Hypothetical Yukawa Interactions in the 30–8000 nm Range
Not Available
Chen, Y. -J.↗
Spectral Function of the Chiral One-Dimensional Fermi Liquid in the Regime of Strong Interactions
We study momentum-resolved tunneling into a system of spinless chiral one-dimensional fermions, such as electrons at the edge of an integer quantum Hall system. Interactions between particles give rise to broadening of the spectral function of the system. We develop an approach that enables one to obtain the shape of the peak in the spectral function in the regime of strong interaction. We apply our technique to the special cases of short-range and Coulomb interactions.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Long-range atomic ordering and variable interlayer interactions in two overlapping graphene lattices with stacking misorientations.
Abstract not provided.
Robinson, Jeremy T↗
Long-range atomic ordering and variable interlayer interactions in two overlapping graphene lattices with stacking misorientations.
Abstract not provided.
Ohta, Taisuke↗
Experimental Results in DIS, SIDIS and DES from Jefferson Lab
Jefferson Lab's electron accelerator in its present incarnation, with a maximum beam energy slightly above 6 GeV, has already enabled a large number of experiments expanding our knowledge of nucleon and nuclear structure (especially in Deep Inelastic Scattering--DIS--at moderately high x, and in the resonance region). Several pioneering experiments have yielded first results on Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) and other Deep Exclusive Processes (DES), and the exploration of the rich landscape of transverse momentum-dependent (TMD) structure functions using Semi-Inclusive electron scattering (SIDIS) has begun. With the upgrade of CEBAF to 12 GeV now underway, a significantly larger kinematic space will become available. The 12 GeV program taking shape will complete a detailed mapping of inclusive, TMD and generalized distribution functions for quarks, antiquarks and gluons in the valence region and beyond.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Hard Exclusive Vector Meson Leptoproduction At HERMES
The HERMES experiment at DESY, Hamburg collected a set of data on hard exclusive vector meson ({rho}{sup 0}{phi},{omega}) leptoproduction using the 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized lepton beam of HERA accelerator and longitudinally or transversely polarized or unpolarized gas targets. Measurements of exclusive vector meson production provide access to the structure of the nucleon since the process can be described in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). An overview of the HERMES results on exclusive vector mesons production is presented.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
High-temperature thermodynamics of strongly interacting s-wave and p-wave Fermi gases in a harmonic trap
We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a strongly interacting trapped Fermi gas near either s-wave or p-wave Feshbach resonances, using a second-order quantum virial expansion. The second virial coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two interacting fermions in a harmonic trap. We consider both isotropic and anisotropic harmonic potentials. For the two-fermion interaction, either s-wave or p-wave, we use a pseudopotential parametrized by a scattering length and an effective range. This turns out to be the simplest way of encoding the energy dependence of the low-energy scattering amplitude or phase shift. This treatment of the pseudopotential can be easily generalized to higher partial-wave interactions. We discuss how the second virial coefficient and thermodynamics are affected by the existence of these finite-range interaction effects. The virial expansion result for a strongly interacting s-wave Fermi gas has already been proved very useful. In the case of p-wave interactions, our results for the high-temperature equation of state are applicable to future high-precision thermodynamic measurements for a spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave Feshbach resonance.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
New instrumentation and tools to study dynamic (non-equilibrium) physico-chemical interfacial processes across large length, rates, and time scales (Final Report)
The hydrophobic interaction dictates the behavior of many systems relevant to biological and industrial processes. However, the origin of the hydrophobic interaction has been extensively debated. In this article, we demonstrate the use of nanostructured surfaces to control the range of the hydrophobic interaction. We measure the strength and range of the hydrophobic interaction using bubble probe force microscopy, and interpret our results using the Stokes–Reynolds–Young–Laplace model. Our findings give insights into the mechanisms of the hydrophobic interaction and will lead to better understanding and control of diverse colloidal and interfacial phenomena.
Moskovits, Martin↗
Semi-inclusive DIS cross sections and spin asymmetries in the quantum statistical parton distributions approach
We consider the extension of the statistical parton distributions to include their transverse momentum dependence, by using two different methods, one is based on our quantum statistical approach, the other on a relativistic covariant method. We take into account the effects of the Melosh-Wigner rotation for the polarized distributions. The results obtained can be compared with recent semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (DIS) data on the cross section and double longitudinal-spin asymmetries from JLab. We also give some predictions for future experiments on electron-neutron scattering.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Quantum magnetism with polar alkali-metal dimers
We show that dipolar interactions between ultracold polar alkali-metal dimers in optical lattices can be used to realize a highly tunable generalization of the t-J model, which we refer to as the t-J-V-W model. The model features long-range spin-spin interactions J{sub z} and J{sub perpendicular} of XXZ type, long-range density-density interaction V, and long-range density-spin interaction W, all of which can be controlled in both magnitude and sign independently of each other and of the tunneling t. The spin's is encoded in the rotational degree of freedom of the molecules, while the interactions are controlled by applied static electric and continuous-wave microwave fields. Furthermore, we show that nuclear spins of the molecules can be used to implement an additional (orbital) degree of freedom that is coupled to the original rotational degree of freedom in a tunable way. The presented system is expected to exhibit exotic physics and to provide insights into strongly correlated phenomena in condensed-matter systems. Realistic experimental imperfections are discussed.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Ferromagnetism and doublon localization in a Wannier-Hubbard chain
We derive a “Wannier-Hubbard” model consisting of an array of overlapping atomic orbitals interacting via a local Coulomb interaction. Transforming to an orthogonal Wannier basis set, the resulting Hamiltonian displays long-range hopping and interactions, with new terms such as correlated hopping and ferromagnetic direct exchange, among others. We numerically study the one-dimensional version of the model at half-filling using the density matrix renormalization group method, unveiling a rich phase diagram as a function of the interaction U and the overlap s with metallic and ferromagnetic phases separated by a ferrimagnetic region. Our results indicate a path toward understanding emergent phases under pressure and beyond standard model Hamiltonians.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Hexane Cracking on ZSM-5 and Faujasite Zeolites: A QM/MM/QCT Study
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) models are applied to investigate the adsorption and cracking of n -hexane on ZSM-5 and Faujasite zeolite structures. These simulations account for the long-range electrostatic and midrange van-der-Waals interactions in the zeolite and provide energy barriers that are close to experimental data. The active acidic site was modeled by dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT, ω B97X-D6-311/G*). The long-range interactions were calculated by molecular mechanics (MM). The adsorbed molecules under investigation are characterized by their thermodynamic properties (adsorption energy and enthalpy). The influence of the zeolite type on the thermodynamic properties is also pointed out. The results reveal that the kinetics of cracking is insensitive to differences in acid strengths. The thermodynamic data obtained are mainly influenced by the adsorption energy of n -hexane on ZSM-5 and/or Faujasite (Y) structures. Here, the pore sizes of the zeolite types can lead to a stronger or weaker adsorption energy. Except for the thermodynamic property investigations in this article, the quasi-classical trajectory method (QCT) is used for investigating the pathways along metastable intermediates toward various cracking products. Not only the reaction barriers but also the reaction dynamics determine the reaction selectivity.
Tranca, D. C.↗
Two-Dimensional Binary Superlattice of BNNT-Surfactant Vesicle Complex Induced by Electrostatic Interaction
For a wide range of practical applications of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), it is essential to achieve their highly ordered self-assembled structures. This study reports on a two-dimensional (2D) binary superlattice of individually exfoliated BNNTs with a negative surface charge (p-BNNT25) and cationic surfactant vesicles (CTAT/SDBS vesicles, prepared by mixing cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTAT) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS)) complexes through electrostatic interactions. Depending on the surface charge density of the CTAT/SDBS vesicles and the mass ratio between the CTAT/SDBS vesicle and p-BNNT25, the CTAT/SDBS-BNNT complexes formed highly ordered superstructures. These structures include an intercalated lamellar phase with a centered rectangular structure (ICLP), in which a 2D array of p-BNNT25 is inserted into the multilamellar structure, and an AB 3 structure, in which the BNNTs are surrounded by surfactant micelles in a triangular arrangement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the fabrication of highly ordered superstructures of individually exfoliated and negatively charged BNNTs with positively charged surfactant vesicles through electrostatic interactions. This approach for the 2D binary superlattices of CTAT/SDBS-BNNT complexes induced by electrostatic interactions is expected to be beneficial for a wide range of one-dimensional (1D) nanoparticle applications.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Importance of van der Waals effects on the hydration of metal ions from the Hofmeister series
The van der Waals (vdW) interaction plays a crucial role in the description of liquid water. Based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, including the non-local and fully self-consistent density-dependent implementation of the Tkatchenko-Scheffler dispersion correction, we systematically studied the aqueous solutions of metal ions (K + , Na + , and Ca 2+ ) from the Hofmeister series. Similar to liquid water, the vdW interactions strengthen the attractions among water molecules in the long-range, leading to the hydrogen bond networks softened in all the ion solutions. However, the degree that the hydration structure is revised by the vdW interactions is distinct for different ions, depending on the strength of short-range interactions between the hydrated ion and surrounding water molecules. Such revisions by the vdW interactions are important for the understanding of biological functionalities of ion channels.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Sputtered W-N diffusion barriers
The thermal stability of reactively sputtered tungsten-nitrogen alloy thin films is investigated for the application as diffusion barriers in silicon contact metallizations. The composition of W-N barriers is varied over a wide range including pure W. Aluminum, gold, and silver are used as low resistivity overlayers. Metallurgical interactions at temperatures ranging from 500 to 900 C are studied. Incorporating nitrogen into tungsten advantageously stabilizes all three systems. The overall failure takes place rapidly above critical temperatures that depend on both the metal overlayer and the microstructure of the barrier. In some cases, W-N alloys can effectively prevent interdiffusion at temperatures as high as 800 C for 30 min.
Kattelus, H. P.↗
pp{yields}p{Lambda}K{sup +} reaction in search for the K{sup -}pp state - quest for a kaonic nuclei
The dibaryonic kaonic nuclear bound state, K{sup -}pp is searched by studying an exclusive p+p{yields}p+{Lambda}+K{sup +} process at several beam energies. A signature of the K{sup -}pp is explored in a p+p{yields}X({identical_to}K{sup -}pp)+K{sup +} reaction that follows a decay of the X into p+{Lambda}. We found in a missing-mass {Delta}M(K{sup +}) spectrum and a {Lambda}p invariant-mass M({Lambda}p) spectrum of DISTO data at 2.85 GeV a resonance with M = 2267 MeV/c{sup 2} and {Gamma} = 118 MeV. Those events are found to be associated with a mono energetic kaon. We investigate this resonance as a candidate of the K{sup -}pp further also with a different beam energies.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Dependence of dark matter - electron scattering on the galactic dark matter velocity distribution
The rate of dark matter-electron scattering depends on the underlying velocity distribution of the dark matter halo. Importantly, dark matter-electron scattering is particularly sensitive to the high-velocity tail, which differs significantly amongst the various dark matter halo models. In this work, we summarize the leading halo models and discuss the various parameters which enter them. We recommend updated values for these parameters based on recent studies and measurements. Furthermore, we quantify the dependence of the dark matter-electron scattering rate on the choice of halo model and parameters, and demonstrate how these choices propagate to the predicted cross-section limits. The rate is most sensitive to changes in the circular velocity v 0 ; in silicon targets, we find that the changes in the rate predictions can range from Script $\mathcal{O}$(0.01%) to Script $\mathcal{O}$(100%) for contact interactions and Script $\mathcal{O}$(10%) to Script $\mathcal{O}$(100%) for long-range interactions.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗