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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,153 records · Page 64

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

EDS to the Moon!

The Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory at NASA Kennedy Space Center is slated to send multiple Electrodynamic Dust Shields (EDS) to the surface of the moon. This paper discusses the EDS onboard a Commercial Lunar Payload System or CLPS mission slated to launch to the moon on July 27, 2023 on Firefly Aerospace’s Blue Ghost Lander to Mare Crisium. The EDS payload consists of a camera EDS, a separate glass EDS, a thermal radiator EDS as well as a Re-Duster system based on EDS technology. The EDS will be deposited on the ground by a deployable structure on the lunar lander shortly after touchdown and its operations will take precedence over the other 10 payloads on the lander. The camera will record images and videos of dust deposition and removal on both the Thermal Radiator EDS and the Glass EDS. Data handling will be done using a Data Storage Unit (DSU) developed by NASA Langley Research Center and downlinked to Earth in real time.

Charles R Buhler↗

NASA NTRS2022

Compressive Sensing Based Space Flight Instrument Constellation for Measuring Gravitational Microlensing Parallax

In this work, we provide a compressive sensing architecture for implementing on a space based observatory for detecting transient photometric parallax caused by gravitational microlensing events. Compressive sensing (CS) is a simultaneous data acquisition and compression technique, which can greatly reduce on-board resources required for space flight data storage and ground transmission. We simulate microlensing parallax observations using a space observatory constellation, based on CS detectors. Our results show that average CS error is less than 0.5% using 25% Nyquist rate samples. The error at peak magnification time is significantly lower than the error for distinguishing any two microlensing parallax curves at their peak magnification. Thus, CS is an enabling technology for detecting microlensing parallax, without causing any loss in detection accuracy.

compressive sensing↗

NASA NTRS2024

The Roman Space Telescope Observatory Build, Test and Verification Status

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (“Roman”) was prioritized by the 2010 Decadal Survey in Astronomy and Astrophysics and is NASA’s next astrophysics flagship observatory. Launching no earlier than 2026, it will conduct several wide field and time domain surveys, as well as conduct an exoplanet census. Roman’s large field of view, agile survey capabilities, and excellent stability enable these objectives, yet present unique engineering and test challenges. The Roman Observatory comprises a Spacecraft and the Integrated Payload Assembly (IPA), the latter of which includes the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA), the primary science Wide Field Instrument, a technology demonstration Coronagraph Instrument, and the Instrument Carrier, which meters the OTA to each instrument. The Spacecraft supports the IPA and includes the Bus, Solar Array Sun Shield, Outer Barrel Assembly, and Deployable Aperture Cover. It provides all required power, command handling, attitude control, communications, data storage, and stable thermal control functions as well as shading and straylight protection across the entire field of regard. This paper presents the Observatory as it begins integration and test, as well as describes key test and verification activities.

Infrared Missions↗

DOE OSTI2012

Nanoscale Ferroelectricity in Crystalline -Glycine

Ferroelectrics are multifunctional materials that reversibly change their polarization under an electric field. Recently, the search for new ferroelectrics has focused on organic and bio-organic materials, where polarization switching is used to record/retrieve information in the form of ferroelectric domains. This progress has opened a new avenue for data storage, molecular recognition, and new self-assembly routes. Crystalline glycine is the simplest amino acid and is widely used by living organisms to build proteins. Here, it is reported for the first time that {gamma}-glycine, which has been known to be piezoelectric since 1954, is also a ferroelectric, as evidenced by local electromechanical measurements and by the existence of as-grown and switchable ferroelectric domains in microcrystals grown from the solution. The experimental results are rationalized by molecular simulations that establish that the polarization vector in {gamma}-glycine can be switched on the nanoscale level, opening a pathway to novel classes of bioelectronic logic and memory devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2012

Self-assembly of block copolymers on topographically patterned polymeric substrates

Highly-ordered block copolymer films are prepared by a method that includes forming a polymeric replica of a topographically patterned crystalline surface, forming a block copolymer film on the topographically patterned surface of the polymeric replica, and annealing the block copolymer film. The resulting structures can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media. The ability to use flexible polymers to form the polymeric replica facilitates industrial-scale processes utilizing the highly-ordered block copolymer films.

Russell, Thomas P↗

DOE OSTI2013

Method of producing nanopatterned articles, and articles produced thereby

A nanopatterned surface is prepared by forming a block copolymer film on a miscut crystalline substrate, annealing the block copolymer film, then reconstructing the surface of the annealed block copolymer film. The method creates a well-ordered array of voids in the block copolymer film that is maintained over a large area. The nanopatterned block copolymer films can be used ina variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2014

Automatic identification of abstract online groups

Online abstract groups, in which members aren't explicitly connected, can be automatically identified by computer-implemented methods. The methods involve harvesting records from social media and extracting content-based and structure-based features from each record. Each record includes a social-media posting and is associated with one or more entities. Each feature is stored on a data storage device and includes a computer-readable representation of an attribute of one or more records. The methods further involve grouping records into record groups according to the features of each record. Further still the methods involve calculating an n-dimensional surface representing each record group and defining an outlier as a record having feature-based distances measured from every n-dimensional surface that exceed a threshold value. Each of the n-dimensional surfaces is described by a footprint that characterizes the respective record group as an online abstract group.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2014

Development of Updated ABsorption SIMulation Software (ABSIM)

ABsorption SIMulation, ABSIM, was developed for the simulation of absorption systems by The Oak Ridge National Laboratory during 1980s and 1990s. ABSIM provides a platform for users to investigate various cycle configurations and working fluids, to calculate their operating parameters, to predict their performance, and to compare them with each other on a uniform basis. ABSIM is indeed a very useful and accurate tool for researchers to investigate various absorption systems. However, it has not been well maintained: it is incompatible with recent operating systems; the interface needs improved user-friendliness, and the system needs better parameter setting and debugging tools to help achieve convergence. Therefore, it is highly needed to update and improve ABSIM. The paper presents recent efforts to improve ABSIM s compatibility with current operating systems, user interface, and analysis capabilities. The paper details the features and functions of the newly updated ABSIM software. The new ABSIM still uses the previously validated calculation engine of the old ABSIM. The new graphic user interfaces (GUI) were developed in Qt, which is an open source license GUI software based on C++. XML was used as the database for data storage in the new ABSIM. The new ABSIM has been designed to be easily learned and used. It has enhanced editing and construction functions, plus enhanced analysis features including parametric tables, plotting, property plots, and master panels for debugging. A single effect water/LiBr absorption system is used as a case study in this paper to illustrate the features, capabilities, and functions of the new ABSIM. This case study was actually an example system available in the old ABSIM. The new version of ABSIM will be continuously developed to include additional subroutines for the components in liquid desiccant systems. The new ABSIM will be available to public for free. The ultimate goal of the new ABSIM is to allow it to become a simulation platform for both absorption heat pump and liquid desiccant systems.

ABSIM↗

DOE OSTI2014

Accelerating Data Acquisition, Reduction, and Analysis at the Spallation Neutron Source

ORNL operates the world's brightest neutron source, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). Funded by the US DOE Office of Basic Energy Science, this national user facility hosts hundreds of scientists from around the world, providing a platform to enable break-through research in materials science, sustainable energy, and basic science. While the SNS provides scientists with advanced experimental instruments, the deluge of data generated from these instruments represents both a big data challenge and a big data opportunity. For example, instruments at the SNS can now generate multiple millions of neutron events per second providing unprecedented experiment fidelity but leaving the user with a dataset that cannot be processed and analyzed in a timely fashion using legacy techniques. To address this big data challenge, ORNL has developed a near real-time streaming data reduction and analysis infrastructure. The Accelerating Data Acquisition, Reduction, and Analysis (ADARA) system provides a live streaming data infrastructure based on a high-performance publish subscribe system, in situ data reduction, visualization, and analysis tools, and integration with a high-performance computing and data storage infrastructure. ADARA allows users of the SNS instruments to analyze their experiment as it is run and make changes to the experiment in real-time and visualize the results of these changes. In this paper we describe ADARA, provide a high-level architectural overview of the system, and present a set of use-cases and real-world demonstrations of the technology.

Campbell, Stuart I↗

DOE OSTI2015

Method of producing nanopatterned articles, and articles produced thereby

A nanopatterned surface is prepared by forming a block copolymer film on a miscut crystalline substrate, annealing the block copolymer film, then reconstructing the surface of the annealed block copolymer film The method creates a well-ordered array of voids in the block copolymer film that is maintained over a large area. The nanopatterned block copolymer films can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2012

Straddle Carrier Interface and Dispatching System

SCIDS is the Data Dispatching and Transfer Point (DDTP) component of a straddle carrier-based radiation detection system developed for the DOE Megaports Initiative for scanning shipping containers in transshipment ports. Its purpose is to communicate with a Radiation Detection Straddle Carrier (RDSC) developed by Detector Networks International, sending commands to the RDSC and receiving sensor data from the RDSC. Incoming sensor and status data from the RDSC is forwarded to a back-end data storage and display system that is external to SCIDS. SCIDS provides a graphical user interface for port operations personnel that displays location and status of the RDSC and status of each container in the port, and accepts commands from the operator directing the scanning operations of the RDSC.

Source record↗

DOE OSTI2016

Self-assembly of block copolymers on topographically patterned polymeric substrates

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2016

A new MicroTCA-based waveform digitizer for the Muon g-2 experiment

We present the design of a new $\mu$TCA-based waveform digitizer, which will be deployed in the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab and will allow our pileup identification requirement to be met. This digitizer features five independent channels, each with 12-bit, 800-MSPS digitization and a 1-Gbit memory buffer. The data storage and readout along with configuration are handled by six Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGAs. In addition, the digitizer is equipped with a mezzanine card for analog signal conditioning prior to digitization, further widening its range of possible applications. The performance results of this design are also presented, highlighting its $0.51 \pm 0.13$ mV intrinsic noise level and $< 22$ ps intrinsic timing resolution between channels. We believe that its performance, together with its flexible design, could be of interest to future experiments in search of a cost-effective waveform digitizer.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2017

A Rejection Sampling Based Method for Determining Thermal Scattering Angle and Energy

This paper proposes a new method for determining the outgoing energy and angle, E' and µ, of a thermal neutron after undergoing a scattering collision with a material. This method involves rejection sampling from the √E' •S (a, ß) kernel. While this new method is less computationally efficient than the old table lookup method, it has far lower data storage requirements, facilitates the treatment of temperature, provides a true continuous energy and angle representation, and enables the possibility of performing sensitivity analysis on fundamental thermal scattering parameters. This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach leaving efficiency improvement to future work.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2015

An Efficient Holographic Huygens? Metasurface based on Dielectric Resonant Meta-Atoms.

Subwavelength-thin metasurfaces have shown great promises for the control of optical wavefronts, thus opening new pathways for the development of efficient flat optics. In particular, Huygens’ metasurfaces based on all-dielectric resonant meta-atoms have already shown a huge potential for practical applications with their polarization insensitivity and high transmittance efficiency. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a holographic Huygens’ metasurface based on dielectric resonant meta-atoms capable of complex wavefront control at telecom wavelengths. Our metasurface produces a hologram image in the far-field with 82% transmittance efficiency and 40% imaging efficiency. Such efficient complex wavefront control shows that Huygens’ metasurfaces based on resonant dielectric meta-atoms are a big step towards practical applications of metasurfaces in wavefront design related technologies, including computer-generated holograms, ultra-thin optics, security and data storage devices.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

DOE OSTI2017

NERSC & JGI Seek Elusive Proteins for Gene Editing

A video just released by the Supercomputing 2017 (SC17) conference shows how biologists at UC Berkeley and the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) – a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility – are using NERSC, the Office of Science’s primary supercomputing center, to identify a class of enzymes capable of editing out genes responsible for disease. This revolutionary work requires petaflops of computing power to sift through billions of DNA sequences in the JGI data portals to identify proteins like Cas9 that, combined with the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), can “edit” a genome. First discovered by researchers at UC Berkeley, the CRISPR-Cas9 system has the power to permanently correct disease-causing mutations in cells, animal models, and eventually human patients to cure certain types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, sickle cell disease, and retinal degeneration. Since the CRISPR system was first identified in the early 2000s, it has become the most promising technology for treating genetic disease in humans and enabling plants to survive stress caused by pests and the environment. The annual SC17 conference will take place November 12-17 in Denver, Colorado. The over 12,000 attendees from academia, government and industry are leaders in researching and delivering high performance computing, networking, data storage and analysis in support of scientific discovery. http://sc17.supercomputing.org

Berkeley Lab, LBNL↗

DOE OSTI2019

Electric Skyrmion with a Twist

Simulation of a single polar skyrmion. Red arrows signify that this is a left-handed skyrmion. Electric Skyrmions Charge Ahead for Next-Generation Data Storage News Release: https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2019/04/18/electric-skyrmions-charge-ahead-for-next-generation-data-storage/ Credit: Xiaoxing Cheng ( Pennsylvania State University), C.T. Nelson (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), and Ramamoorthy Ramesh (Berkeley Lab)

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2017

NERSC & JGI Seek Elusive Proteins for Gene Editing

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗