Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “technology integration”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Aircraft systems design studies employing advanced transport technologies

System and design integration studies are presented to define and assess the application of the advanced technology most likely to result in a superior next generation, high subsonic/sonic conventional takeoff and landing transport aircraft system. It is concluded that the new technologies can be directed toward the achievement of improved economy and performance. These benefits may be used to compensate for the penalties associated with reduced noise requirements anticipated to make future aircraft ecologically acceptable.

Downie, B.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Metrics and Analytical Frameworks for Valuing Energy Efficiency and Distributed Energy Resources in the Built Environment: Preprint

This paper summarizes efforts to develop new—and enhance existing—analytical frameworks and metrics to quantify the value that grid-interactive efficient homes with solar (GEB-solar homes) can provide. Industry is working to characterize and understand these capabilities and benefits, but existing analytical frameworks for evaluating energy efficiency (EE) are often siloed from those that evaluate distributed energy resources (DERs). Five metrics were adapted from an extensive literature review and applied to case studies of a modeled home in Riverside, California: ramp up/down, cover factor demand/supply, and curtailable load. Eight different technology scenarios were analyzed using a more tightly connected suite of building-to-grid models (BEopt, REopt, ReEDS, and PLEXOS). Additionally, an initial version of the Cambium tool was developed, characterizing the marginal prices and emissions from NREL’s 2018 Standard Scenarios. These grid costs were extended to a time-varying proxy retail rate and applied as part of a new grid alignment metric. In the results, a more integrated combination of GEB-solar technologies led to a higher cover factor demand—the percentage of gross home load covered by on-site solar—however, a benchmark was required to determine what range of cover factor was “best” for given grid conditions. To that end, a grid alignment cost metric was applied to the case study scenarios. The average cost to serve the net load of the home decreased from a median of ~$0.24/kWh to ~$0.10/kWh when the most integrated technology scenario was optimized towards the grid pricing proxy versus the time-of-use (TOU) rate.

41 EE - Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S)↗
DOE OSTI2025

Low-cost and high-performance heat exchangers for CSP

This project aimed to design and manufacture a low-cost and high-performance, particle–to–sCO 2 heat exchanger (HX) for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) using additive manufacturing (AM). Three enabling technologies will be integrated to achieve the targeted cost and performance. The first technology is the extreme high‐speed laser materials deposition (LMD) AM process known by its German acronym EHLA that was invented at the Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology. The EHLA process utilizes a specially designed powder-feeding nozzle that enables a laser to melt the powder particles above the melt pool, in contrast to the conventional LMD process where the powders are melted inside the melt pool. EHLA enables much faster deposition rate than conventional LMD without the need to wait for the powders to melt. The second technology is an innovative double-helical HX geometry that can be easily fabricated using the EHLA process by rotating a rod at a high-speed to take advantage of the high EHLA deposition rate. The double-helical fins separate the hot region (the hot particle side) and the cold region (the sCO 2 side) and provide large heat transfer surface area without a large pressure drop on the sCO 2 side. The particle side will have a larger gap to facilitate the particle flow. The outer rims of the double helixes can be sealed off using the same AM process. After sealing-off, additional double helixes can be built radially on top of the first set to improve HX performance. The HX can be installed vertically for gravity-driven flow of the hot particles if necessary. The third technology is a low-cost high-temperature alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) steel TMA-6350 that has creep and oxidation resistance up to 1100 °C. These technologies together will enable high-performance and low-cost HXs for particle–to–sCO 2 for CSP.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1997

Advanced Technologies for Space Life Science Payloads on the International Space Station

SENSORS 2000! (S2K!) is a specialized, high-performance work group organized to provide advanced engineering and technology support for NASA's Life Sciences spaceflight and ground-based research and development programs. In support of these objectives, S2K! manages NASA's Advanced Technology Development Program for Biosensor and Biotelemetry Systems (ATD-B), with particular emphasis on technologies suitable for Gravitational Biology, Human Health and Performance, and Information Technology and Systems Management. A concurrent objective is to apply and transition ATD-B developed technologies to external, non-NASA humanitarian (medical, clinical, surgical, and emergency) situations and to stimulate partnering and leveraging with other government agencies, academia, and the commercial/industrial sectors. A phased long-term program has been implemented to support science disciplines and programs requiring specific biosensor (i.e., biopotential, biophysical, biochemical, and biological) measurements from humans, animals (mainly primates and rodents), and cells under controlled laboratory and simulated microgravity situations. In addition to the technology programs described above, NASA's Life and Microgravity Sciences and Applications Office has initiated a Technology Infusion process to identify and coordinate the utilization and integration of advanced technologies into its International Space Station Facilities. This project has recently identified a series of technologies, tasks, and products which, if implemented, would significantly increase the science return, decrease costs, and provide improved technological capability. This presentation will review the programs described above and discuss opportunities for collaboration, leveraging, and partnering with NASA.

Hines, John W.↗
NASA NTRS2015

Flight-Deck Interval Management in Near-Term Arrival Operations

A simulation investigated NASA Air Traffic Management Technology Demonstration 1 (ATD-1) procedures and prototype technologies, including the Traffic Management Advisor for Terminal Metering, Controller-Managed Spacing tools, and Flight Deck Interval Management (FIM) equipment. The ATD-1 procedures and technologies comprise an integrated solution for managing high-density arrivals that NASA is developing and transferring to government and industry stakeholders for NextGen. During each of eighteen simulation trials, experienced controllers managed approximately two hundred departures and over-flights together with seventy-five arrivals to Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport in a realistic near-term environment. Eight of the arrivals were desktop-based flight simulators flown by airline pilots, which were equipped with prototype FIM equipment in two-thirds of the trials. The simulation provided system-level measures of performance of the ATD-1 integrated arrival solution, demonstrating high conformance with Performance-Based Navigation procedures and a low rate of FIM interruptions. FIM operations provided benefits under specific conditions when FIM aircraft flew connected routes to the runway. This paper focuses on the integration of FIM with the ATD-1 ground-based technologies, discusses outstanding issues, and describes avenues for further research.

Callantine, Todd J.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Harnessing the Power of AI: Status and Expansion of Current Domestic Transport Security Through Flexible Embedded Hardware

As applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) continue to expand, there are increasing opportunities to leverage applied AI methodologies with mobile transportation focused embedded systems. Current applications of AI in transportation focus on a variety of areas, including fuel efficiency, safety, security, and other broad fields of optimization or detection. To leverage these AI workflows and methodologies in the field, teams must utilize complex embedded systems capable of implementing these AI-enabled algorithms in real-time. In this paper, we will investigate how these algorithms can be integrated into existing technologies leveraging vehicle data - such as the Controller Area Network Transport Security Tracking and Reporting Unit (C-STAR). The C-STAR technology is an embedded platform with onboard computation capable of running next generation algorithms in vehicle systems AI, such as preventative maintenance, driver authentication, and transport security. As deployed in the field, the C-STAR has a limited AI functionality –this paper will directly discuss how a device like C-STAR can be utilized and the advantages of integrating these new technologies. We will open with relevant background information and transportation projects that leverage AI, focusing specifically on those around transport security such as vehicle identification, anomaly detection, and deterrence. We will then extend this into potential opportunities and scaling for AI methodologies using platforms like the C-STAR. Finally, we will speak directly to the challenges of deploying AI-powered workflows, such as computing power needs, bandwidth, hallucinations, and other regulatory considerations.

Cook, Adian [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000160825395)↗
DOE OSTI2021

Wind Systems Integration Workshop

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Energy Technologies Office (WETO) Wind Systems Integration Workshop was held to facilitate an exchange of information and to solicit feedback to inform WETO’s near- to mid-term research priorities and to accelerate near-term, rapid deployment and integration of wind technologies at both the transmission and distribution levels. Workshop participants identified key research challenges and opportunities for grid services, power electronics, modeling and decision-support tools, transmission and distribution system coordination, and applying energy equity principles to wind grid integration research.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2014

Developing an Integration Infrastructure for Distributed Engine Control Technologies

Turbine engine control technology is poised to make the first revolutionary leap forward since the advent of full authority digital engine control in the mid-1980s. This change aims squarely at overcoming the physical constraints that have historically limited control system hardware on aero-engines to a federated architecture. Distributed control architecture allows complex analog interfaces existing between system elements and the control unit to be replaced by standardized digital interfaces. Embedded processing, enabled by high temperature electronics, provides for digitization of signals at the source and network communications resulting in a modular system at the hardware level. While this scheme simplifies the physical integration of the system, its complexity appears in other ways. In fact, integration now becomes a shared responsibility among suppliers and system integrators. While these are the most obvious changes, there are additional concerns about performance, reliability, and failure modes due to distributed architecture that warrant detailed study. This paper describes the development of a new facility intended to address the many challenges of the underlying technologies of distributed control. The facility is capable of performing both simulation and hardware studies ranging from component to system level complexity. Its modular and hierarchical structure allows the user to focus their interaction on specific areas of interest.

distributed control↗
NASA NTRS2001

Composite,Cryogenic, Conformal, Common Bulkhead, Aerogel-Insulated Tank (CBAT)

The objective of the Composite, Cryogenic, Conformal, Common Bulkhead, Aerogel-insulated Tank (CBAT) Program is to evaluate the potential for using various new technologies in next generation Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs) through design, fabrication, and testing of a subscale system. The new technologies include polymer matrix composites (PMCs), conformal propellant storage, common bulkhead packaging, and aerogel insulation. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Thiokol Propulsion from Cordant Technologies are working together to develop a design and the processing methodologies which will allow integration of these technologies into a single structural component assembly. Such integration will significantly decrease subsystem weight and reduce shape, volume, and placement restrictions, thereby enhancing overall launch system performance. This paper/presentation focuses on the challenges related to materials and processes that were encountered and overcome during this program to date.

Roberts, J. K.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Renewable Energy and Efficiency Technologies in Scenarios of U.S. Decarbonization in Two Types of Models: Comparison of GCAM Modeling and Sector-Specific Modeling

Energy system projections from quantitative models inform actions ranging from short-term and local decisions, such as those about technology and infrastructure deployment, and global and long-term negotiations and targets. Computational limits require model designers to balance coverage and resolution (i.e., breadth versus depth). Some models, such as the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM), represent all energy sources and uses with less resolution than models that focus on a single sector's energy use. GCAM balances global supply and demand of all energy carriers projecting prices using internal calculations for energy sources and costs of greenhouse gas mitigation while capturing interlinkages between the energy system, water, agriculture and land use, the economy, and the climate. This globally comprehensive model was used to frame the Long-Term Strategy of the United States: Pathways to Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 2050, which the White House released in 2021 and has been used to inform national and global economy-wide climate change mitigation discussions and strategy development for decades. Unlike GCAM, sectoral models focus on a portion of the energy sector and with greater detail and resolution. The Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) electricity-sector model, for example, projects electricity system capacity expansion and operation with high-fidelity representation of emerging technologies for deep decarbonization, such as variable renewable energy and energy storage, and integration of these technologies into the electric grid. The Transportation Energy and Mobility Pathway Options (TEMPO) transportation-sector model enables analysis of household choices, with a focus on adoption, charging, and use of electric vehicles. The Scout buildings-sector model supports detailed consideration of the policies and markets that can accelerate the adoption of electrification and energy conservation measures in buildings. Such sector-specific models are instrumental in informing technology research, sectoral planning strategies, and sector-specific aspects of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in the United States. The integrated multisector and sector-specific modeling approaches represented by GCAM and these sectoral models are complementary. The integrated multisector approach calculates energy pricing and resource allocation within the model, which is important for consistency when future conditions substantially diverge from current conditions in transformative scenarios. The sector-specific approach facilitates representation of granular details across spatial, temporal, technological, and market dimensions that enable exploration of particular interactions and trade-offs. This report presents the results of recent work to explore the differences and trade-offs between these approaches by comparing GCAM with the sector-specific ReEDS, TEMPO, and Scout models. The report compares both model structures and results, and it addresses their potential relevance and applications.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
NASA NTRS1990

Integrated flight/propulsion control for supersonic STOVL aircraft

A technology program to investigate integrated flight/propulsion control-system design for STOVL fighter aircraft is described. Integrated control systems being developed by U.S. industry for specific STOVL concepts are discussed. Attention is given to NASA involvement in the definition of control concepts, design-methods and flying-qualities criteria, and the evaluation of these concepts and criteria in analytical design studies, in ground-based experiments, and in flight on the Harrier V/STOL research aircraft. Initial fixed-base simulation experiments conducted for two STOVL fighter concepts are discussed. These simulations defined acceptable transition flight envelopes, determined control power used during transition and hover, and provided evaluations of the integration of the flight and propulsion controls to achieve good flying qualities throughout the low-speed flight envelope.

Franklin, James A.↗
NASA NTRS2000

The NASA IVHM Technology Experiment for X-37

The NASA IVHM (Integrated Vehicle Health Management) technology experiment for X-37 is presented. The goals and objectives of this program are: to reduce cost and increase reliability of space transportation; to demonstrate benefits of in-flight IVHM to the operation of a Reusable Launch Vehicle; to advance this IVHM technology to Technology Readiness Level approx. 7 within a flight environment; and to operate IVHM software on the Vehicle Management Computer. The following sections are included: Background (X-37 & Livingstone), Livingstone model example from DS-1, Experiment overview, X-37 IVHM scope, Stanley interface to livingstone model, Right ruddervator actuator, Motor state diagram, inferred nominal state, and X-37 informed maintenance experiment.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2018

A Discussion of Integrated Life Support and In Situ Resource Utilization Architectures for Mars Surface Missions

Life support on the International Space Station is made possible by a combination of technologies to ensure the availability of clean water and air for the crew. Resources, including water and oxygen, are partially recovered and recycled; the balance is lost as waste either to space or incinerated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere. Frequent resupply cargo is provided to ISS to replace these lost resources. For missions beyond Low Earth Orbit, resupply becomes increasingly challenging both economically and logistically. To limit the need for these resupply missions, three options are available: increase the recovery and recycling of necessary materials, leverage in situ resources available for a given mission, or a combination of both. Here we discuss several basic life support and in situ resource utilization (ISRU) architectures, identify common technologies, propose possible integrated architectures, identify benefits of and challenges to varying levels of life support and ISRU integration, and discuss several considerations for technology commonality, dis-similar redundancy, and developmental overlap.

Abney, Morgan B.↗
NASA NTRS2010

UAS Integration into the NAS Project

The goal of the UAS Integration in the NAS Project is to contribute capabilities that reduce technical barriers related to the safety and operational challenges associated with enabling routine UAS access to the NAS This goal will be accomplished through a two-phased approach of system-level integration of key concepts, technologies and/or procedures, and demonstrations of integrated capabilities in an operationally relevant environment. Technical objectives include: PHASE 1: a) Validating the key technical areas identified by this project. System-level analyses, a State of the Art Analysis (SOAA), and a ConOps will identify the challenges and barriers preventing routine UAS access to the NAS. b) Developing a national roadmap and gap analysis identifying specific deliverables in the area of operations, procedures, and technologies that will impact future policy decisions. PHASE 2: a) Provide regulators with a methodology for developing airworthiness requirements for UAS and data to support development of certifications standards and regulatory guidance. b) Provide systems-level integrated testing of concepts and/or capabilities that address barriers to routine access to the NAS. Through simulation and flight testing, address issues including separation assurance, communications requirements, and Pilot Aircraft Interfaces (PAIs) in operationally relevant environments

Bauer, Jeff↗
NASA NTRS1994

Milestone 4: Thrust structure concepts and IHM screening Graphite Composite Primary Structure (GCPS)

The first part of the task was to select up to three promising thrust structure constructions and to select materials for screening tests. Part of the nondestructive evaluation and inspection (NDE/I) and integrated health management (IHM) task is to acquire and develop NDE/I sensor technologies and to integrate those sensors into the full scale test articles which will be produced under the TA2 program. Review of the anticipated fault modes and the available sensor technology data indicates that three sensor technologies should be assessed for the in-situ monitoring of the composite primary structure elements. These are: ultrasonics (dry contact), acoustic emissions, and fiber optics (embedded or attached). In fact, a combination of sensor technologies will be needed to detect and evaluate the fault modes; not only do sensor technology have specific capabilities and applicability, but the three Gr/Ep primary structures being demonstrated under the TA2 effort have differing requirements based on their respective failure modes and designs.

Greenberg, H. S.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Secure Data Logging and Processing with Blockchain and Machine Learning (Final Report)

Secure Data Logging and Processing with Blockchain and Machine Learning (ML) research is focused on the development of a platform to securely log and process sensor data in fossil power plants. The platform integrates two emerging technologies, blockchain and ML, and incorporates several innovative mechanisms to ensure the integrity, reliability, and resiliency of power systems. The goal is to protect the power plant from various cyberattacks such as false data injection and denial of service attacks using these technologies. The research goal was enabled by the following Research Project Objectives: 1) Secure authentication and identity verification of sensor nodes, actuators, and other equipment within a network. 2) Development of mechanisms that ensure only data sent by legitimate sensors are accepted and stored in the data repository. 3) Development of data aggregation methodologies using ML / Deep Learning (DL) algorithms to minimize noise / faulty data. 4) Implementation of the blockchain technologies to provide data security using secured IOTA framework & nodes.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗