Population and growth estimates of urban areas in the state of Sao Paulo utilizing LANDSAT images
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Dejesusparada, N.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Radar, Insect Population Ecology, and Pest Management
Discussions included: (1) the potential role of radar in insect ecology studies and pest management; (2) the potential role of radar in correlating atmospheric phenomena with insect movement; (3) the present and future radar systems; (4) program objectives required to adapt radar to insect ecology studies and pest management; and (5) the specific action items to achieve the objectives.
Vaughn, C. R.↗
Determination of traffic noise nuisance as a function of traffic type and density in a heavily populated area
On the basis of a study including noise level measurements during the day and night and 1125 interviews with residents, it was found that railway noise creates less of a disturbance than street traffic noise. By far the largest majority of respondents experienced the greatest disturbance during the day. The difference in nuisance decreases as noise level rises.
Heimerl, G.↗
Compositions of energetic particle populations in interplanetary space
Observations of helium and heavier particles with energies below about 10 to 20 MeV/nucleon are discussed with emphasis on the composition of solar flare particles, corotating energetic particle streams, and the anomalous cosmic ray component. Future advances expected from results obtained from ISEE -3, Voyager, and the international solar polar spacecraft are reviewed.
Gloeckler, G.↗
On the time-varying properties of the lunar seismic meteoroid population
Strong short-term fluctuations of meteroid impact rates are evident in a list of 1557 events derived from Apollo lunar seismic data. Times of fall and seismic signal amplitudes are considered in relation to the possible orbits and identification of the impacting objects. The entire lunar surface is the effective collector and the Apollo network data, gathered between 1970 and 1977, reflect the recognized abundance of large meteorite falls from early April through July. There is also some indication that briefly increased counts represent fragments of about 100 g or greater belonging to several meteor streams: Quadrantids, Aquarids, Perseids, Orionids, Leonids, Geminids, and possibly others as well.
Dorman, J.↗
Population inversion mechanisms producing nuclear lasing in He-3-Ar, Xe, Kr, Cl, and UF6
The paper examines the lasing excitation mechanisms of present nuclear lasers, with a view to developing more efficient, higher power nuclear lasers. Particular attention is given to volumetric nuclear discharges pumped by either the He-3(n, p)H-3 reaction or the U-235F6(n, ff)FF reaction. Insight gained from these laser systems will make it possible to determine the major excitation mechanisms and then to look for new gaseous laser systems where these excitation mechanisms dominate.
Deyoung, R. J.↗
Population of the lower part of the instability strip: Delta Scuti stars and dwarf Cepheids (or AI Velorum)
Some of the properties of the atmospheric variations in delta Scuti stars were investigated with emphasis on the amplitude and the shape of both light curves and radial velocity curves. It is shown that these curves are small and rapidly variable in the case of dwarf Scuti stars; for the evolved stars the situation is more complex. The relation between variables and nonvariables, and also the results on abundances in the atmospheres of these stars were surveyed with respect to the hydrodynamics of their envelopes. The abundance anomalies of Am stars were qualitatively examined. The coexistence of abundance anomalies and variability among giants were also studied. Attempts were made to relate the variability to the hydrogen ionization zone in an envelope deprived of helium. Specific results are reported.
Auvergne, M.↗
Reaction of the French population to the supersonic bang
A discussion of a survey dealing with the supersonic bang is presented. Topics include the position the bang has in today's pollution, annoyance caused by the bang and its dependence on sociological and psychological variables, and whether or not the perception of the ban is objective. Other questions raised are whether the frequency of exposure to the bang has an influence on attitudes and does the sensitivity to or annoyance from the bang have a linear increase with the frequency.
Bremond, J.↗
Evaluation of Jefferies' level population ratios, and generalization of Seaton's cascade matrix, by a Markov-chain method
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Kastner, S. O.↗
Water-ice and water-updraft relationships near -10 C within populations of Florida cumuli
Evidence is presented for a sequential development of cloud water, rainwater, graupel, and crystalline ice with the aging of the cloud. This evidence is based on in-cloud microphysical data set collected in Florida convective towers that were penetrated close to their tops near -10 C; the very rapid onset of graupel that appears on repeat penetrations of some towers is of particular interest. A separate data set shows a large scatter in the relationship between the maximum value of cloud water and vertical velocity which indicates that measurements of cloud water can be misleading as an indication of growth activity. The sequential pass data showing the evolution of ice and water are consistent with a rime-splintering, secondary ice production hypothesis.
Sax, R. I.↗
Survey population response to airplane noise, part 1
A questionnaire concerning aircraft noise is presented. The tabulated responses to it are also presented.
Bitter, C.↗
Upstream hydromagnetic waves and their association with backstreaming ion populations - ISEE 1 and 2 observations
Measurements from the Lepedea plasma instruments and the flux gate magnetometers on ISEE 1 and 2 are used to examine the nature of the hydromagnetic waves associated with the various classes of ions backstreaming from the earth's bow shock. The reflected ions, which are confined to a narrow energy and angular range, are accompanied by small amplitude (less than approximately 1/2 gamma peak to peak) left-handed waves at frequencies close to 1 Hz in the spacecraft frame. Diffuse backstreaming particles with a broad energy spectrum are associated with low frequency (approximately 30-s period), large amplitude (approximately 5 gamma peak to peak) waves. Intermediate particles are associated with a mixture of these two wave types. Often the waves associated with the diffuse beams steepen as if they were minishocks. The leading edge (trailing edge in the spacecraft frame) frequently appears to break up into a whistler mode wave packet. These discrete wave packets are right-hand polarized and have frequencies from below the proton gyrofrequency to well above it in the plasma frame and are blown back towards the earth by the solar wind.
Hoppe, M. M.↗
Estimating cell populations
An important step in the diagnosis of a cervical cytology specimen is estimating the proportions of the various cell types present. This is usually done with a cell classifier, the error rates of which can be expressed as a confusion matrix. We show how to use the confusion matrix to obtain an unbiased estimate of the desired proportions. We show that the mean square error of this estimate depends on a 'befuddlement matrix' derived from the confusion matrix, and how this, in turn, leads to a figure of merit for cell classifiers. Finally, we work out the two-class problem in detail and present examples to illustrate the theory.
White, B. S.↗
First-order Fermi acceleration of the diffuse ion population near the earth's bow shock
The flux of 30-65 keV particles observed by the ISEE-3 200 earth radii upstream is shown to be an upstream escape of the energetic ions in the earth's bow shock. A formal solution to the transport equation for the distribution function of energetic particles upstream from an isotropic monoenergetic source of particles/sq cm at a plane shock where the plasma changes speed is found, and escape conditions are defined. The efficiency of the acceleration is calculated to depend on the charge/particle, and fluxes near and far upstream of the shock are described analytically. Any model which takes into account shock acceleration by diffusive scattering with significant escape losses produces the observed spectrum close to the shock. The escape loss upstream is demonstrated to control the spectrum and the variation of flux and anisotropy with distance from the shock.
Forman, M. A.↗
Measurements of the aerosol and ice crystal populations in tropical stratospheric cumulonimbus anvils
A pair of particle size spectrometers was flown aboard the NASA U-2 operating from the Canal Zone to make measurements of the aerosol and ice crystal budgets in cirrus produced by thunderstorms in the tropics. Measurements indicate that fairly large crystals up to 1 mm in size are injected into the stratosphere during cumulonimbus activity. Ice water contents range from a few thousandths to a few hundredths of a gram per cubic meter. Because the ambient temperature is typically around -80 C the mass of the larger crystals largely returns to lower altitudes before evaporating. Aerosol size distributions indicate a curious narrow growth mode between 0.15 and 0.2 micron in cirrus anvils which is absent outside these clouds. The presence of this narrow mode is attributed to near water saturation produced at cloud top. Nucleation of new ice crystals as well as aerosol is hypothesized
Knollenberg, R. G.↗
Comments on the significance of the positions of population I Wolf-Rayet stars in the HR diagram
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Underhill, A. B.↗
Population control of self-replicating systems
The literature concerning fibonacci sequence and the mathematics of self replication are reviewed. One option allows each primary to generate n-replicas, one in each sequential time frame after its own generation with no restrictions on the number of ancestors per replica. The state vector of the replicas in an efficient manner is determined. Option-B has a fixed number of replicas per primary and no restrictions on the number of ancestors for a replica. Any element fij represents the number of elements of type-j in time frame k+1 generated from type-i in time frame k. Option-D is a diagonal matrix whose eigenvalues are precisely those of f.
Mccord, R. L.↗
Infrared radiation and inversion population of CO2 laser levels in Venusian and Martian atmospheres
Formation mechanisms of nonequilibrium 10 micron CO2 molecule radiation and the possible existence of a natural laser effect in the upper atmospheres of Venus and Mars are theoretically studied. An analysis is made of the excitation process of CO2 molecule vibrational-band levels (with natural isotropic content) induced by direct solar radiation in bands 10.6, 9.4, 4.3, 2.7 and 2.0 microns. The model of partial vibrational-band temperatures was used in the case. The problem of IR radiation transfer in vibrational-rotational bands was solved in the radiation escape approximation.
Gordiyets, B. F.↗