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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,135 records · Page 63
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2020

X-HAB 2020 Academic Innovation Challenge: Next Generation User Interfaces for Gateway Autonomous Operations

NASA’s Gateway seeks to establish an autonomous platform in support of Artemis mission (boots on ground 2024). It is used to refine and mature short and long-duration deep space exploration capabilities through the 2020s. It is expected to be assembled in a lunar orbit where it can be used as a staging point for missions to the Moon and other destinations in deep space. Gateway can evolve for different mission needs involving exploration, science, commercial and international partners. User interfaces for autonomous systems is an emerging area where knowledge and implementation concepts are still in their infancy.

J. Cecil↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Reconfiguring COSSIR for the Next Generation of Cloud and Precipitation Science

NASA originally developed the Compact Scanning Sub-millimeter Imaging Radiometer (CoSSIR) in the early 2000s, where it was own in the CRYSTAL-FACE and TC4 field experiments. With renewed interest in sub-millimeter remote sensing motivated by the upcoming launch of the EUMETSAT-sponsored Ice Cloud Imager (ICI), along with its potential for inclusion as part of the NASA Decadal Survey Aerosols, CLouds, Convection, and Precipitation (ACCP) observing architecture, CoSSIR is being refurbished to prepare for routine suborbital submillimeter measurements this decade. Upgrades include hardware (procurement of shared parts so that CoSMIR and CoSSIR can fly concurrently) and a change to the channels, with a focus on differential scattering and polarization at eight frequencies ranging from 170 to 640 GHz. As part of the refurbishment, the instrument name has been changed to Configurable Scanning Sub-millimeter Instrument/Radiometer, retaining the same acronym, in order to emphasize the science objectives that are enabled by CoSSIR's unique scanning geometry and channel set. These anticipated capabilities include two-dimensional pro ling of clouds and precipitation and characterization of the geometry (shape and orientation) of large cloud and precipitating ice particles.

Radiometry↗
NASA NTRS2020

Building the RS-25 Engine for NASA’s Next Generation of Exploration.

NASA is aggressively pursuing a human lunar return to the Moon with the Artemis Program. The Space Launch System (SLS) is critical to the transportation architecture, providing both crew and cargo capability. To accelerate SLS development, NASA settled on space shuttle heritage propulsion technologies. Early missions will use repurposed RS-25 engines from the Shuttle Program adapted to SLS requirements. For future missions, however, NASA and engine contractor Aerojet Rocketdyne are restarting RS-25 production with a goal of using the latest manufacturing technologies to produce an RS-25 variant that will cost at least 30 percent less than the shuttle-era engines developed and flown for almost 30 years. The prospect of restarting the production line on these engines after many years and modifying the engine to reduce cost and better match the needs of the SLS vehicle presented unique challenges and opportunities for NASA and Aerojet Rocketdyne. NASA and AR are now deep into the process of adapting 16 RS-25 engines for the first four SLS Artemis flights and building the first RS-25 “Restart” engines for future Artemis missions. In addition to navigating programmatic, technical, and logistical challenges with the current RS-25 production work, NASA and AR have partnered to pursue new methods of building this engine through advanced manufacturing techniques to further reduce the cost and schedule required to build each RS-25 engine to contribute to the long-term affordability of the SLS vehicle. This presentation will discuss the goals for the restart program, the challenges, and results to date.

Jessica Jean Wood↗
NASA NTRS2020

The Next Generation X-Ray Galaxy Survey with eROSITA

eROSITA, launched on 13 July 2019, will be completing the first all-sky survey in the soft and medium X-ray band in nearly three decades. This 4-year survey, finishing in late 2023, will present a rich legacy for the entire astrophysics community and complement upcoming multi-wavelength surveys (with, e.g. the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and the Dark Energy Survey). Besides the major scientific aim to study active galactic nuclei (AGN) and galaxy clusters, eROSITA will contribute significantly to X-ray studies of normal (i.e. not AGN) galaxies. Starting from multi-wavelength catalogues, we measure star formation rates and stellar masses for 60 212 galaxies constrained to distances of 50–200 Mpc. We chose this distance range to focus on the relatively unexplored volume outside the local Universe, where galaxies will be largely spatially unresolved and probe a range of X-ray luminosities that overlap with the low luminosity and/or highly obscured AGN population. We use the most recent X-ray scaling relations as well as the on-orbit eROSITA instrument performance to predict the X-ray emission from XRBs and diffuse hot gas and to perform both an analytic prediction and an end-to-end simulation using the mission simulation software, SIXTE. We consider potential contributions from hidden AGN and comment on the impact of normal galaxies on the measurement of the faint end of the AGN luminosity function. We predict that the eROSITA 4-year survey, will detect ≳15 000 galaxies (3σ significance) at 50–200 Mpc, which is ~ 100× more normal galaxies than detected in any X-ray survey to date.

Surveys↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Wind Tunnel Testing of Next-Generation High-Speed Engines

This talk will introduce students to supersonic and hypersonic flows as well as cover why these high-speed flow regimes are important to us today. The main focus is on the different propulsion systems used in Mach 3+ flight and how they are tested in wind tunnel facilities. Different wind tunnels at NASA Langley will used to demonstrate how ground tests facilitate the development of new engines from a proof-of-concept to a mature flight qualified design. There are many opportunities in field of high-speed aeronautics. I'll discuss my path to NASA Langley then give advice for internship and job opportunities at NASA.

Robin Hunt↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Next Generation Big Data Storage for Long Space Missions

This paper presents the results of the HELIOS (Hardened Extremely Long Life In-formation Optical Storage) mission on the International Space Station (ISS) which tested a unique solution for the long-term storage and retrieval of data in space. For this mission Creative Technology (CTech) developed test media—termed WORF (Write Once, Read Forever)—to validate whether this patented technology will survive all critical parameters for harsh space-based environments including microgravity and ionizing radiation. The HELIOS experiment confirmed that the WORF media is impervious to ionizing radiation, microgravity, solar (plasma) eruptions, and the stress from 8 Gs of the launch including extreme temperature expo-sure. The principal results indicate that there has been no discernible degradation of the media after 8 months on the ISS as compared to a control set of media stored on the ground. This data validated the media’s survivability for harsh space environments for long-term and deep space missions. In addition to the space environment, we are confident that WORF technology can be used for data storage where space-related and other long-term or archival integrity is critical such as: geospatial collections from satellites; space weather archives; past, ongoing, and future space mission media and documentation files; the deep space Gate-way program; as well as Big Data applications such as the Vera C. Rubin astronomical observatory (formerly the LSST). WORF technology for the HELIOS experiment uses a proven archival media, redesigned, re-purposed and patented by CTech to store digital data for long periods, measured in decades and possibly centuries. The media stores standing waves embedded in a substrate that capture the precise col-ors or wavelengths projected onto the media. The colors represent numerical data, with each data location storing multiple superimposed wavelengths, which facilitate the storage of multiple data bytes (rather than just zeros and ones); advanced mathematical permutations allow for extremely large data density equal to or greater than contemporary data storage de-vices. These colors cannot fade or degrade over time since the standing waves are physically stabilized (fully oxidized) metallic silver; no dyes are embedded for this storage system, and silver ions resist micro-bacterial and fungal contamination

Rodney Grubbs↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA Earth: Synthetic Spectranomics - Deep Learning of Surface 3-D Geometry, Chemistry, and Hyperspectra to Inform Next-generation Land Models

Machine and deep learning (ML/DL) have transformed our approach to Earth observation and system modeling (EOSM), unifying both in view of ML/DL models as a form of data assimilation (DA). Trained on diverse Earth observation records, detailed physical models, or hybrids of both in physics-informed machine learning, ML/DL may improve upon existing Earth system model (ESM) formulations while creating entirely new classes of models. One important application of deep learning is observation synthesis, allowing ESM developers to prepare for the increased spatial, temporal, and spectral/polar resolution of proposed future observing systems. This may involve the retrospective application of learning algorithms to existing observational records, with or without physical radiative transfer models, to co-inform mission planning and ESM development while providing a degree of data continuity for new missions.

Adam Erickson↗
NASA NTRS1994

(abstract) SEQ_POINTER: Next Generation, Planetary Spacecraft Remote Sensing Science Observation Design Tool

Implementation of a multimission tool, SEQ_POINTER, under the auspices of the JPL Multimission Operations Systems Office (MOSO) is in progress. This version has been designed to address the limitations experienced on previous versions when being adopted to a new mission and spacecraft. The tool has been modularly designed with subroutine interface structures to support interchangeable celestial body and spacecraft definition models. The computational and graphics modules have also been designed to interface with data collected from previous spacecraft, or on-going observations, which describe the surface of each target body. These enhancements make SEQ_POINTER a candidate for low-cost mission usage, when a remote sensing science observation design capability is required.

remote↗