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At least 1,099 records · Page 61
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2012

Application Programming in AWIPS II

Since its inception almost 8 years ago, NASA's Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center has integrated NASA data into the National Weather Service's decision support system (DSS) the Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS). SPoRT has, in some instances, had to shape and transform data sets into various formats and manipulate configurations to visualize them in AWIPS. With the advent of the next generation of DSS, AWIPS II, developers will be able to develop their own plugins to handle any type of data. Raytheon is developing AWIPS II to be a more extensible package written mainly in Java, and built around a Service Oriented Architecture. A plugin architecture will allow users to install their own code modules, and (if all the rules have been properly followed) they will work hand-in-hand with AWIPS II as if it were originally built in. Users can bring in new datasets with existing plugins, tweak plugins to handle a nuance or desired new functionality, or create an entirely new visualization layout for a new dataset. SPoRT is developing plugins to ensure its existing NASA data will be ready for AWIPS II when it is delivered, and to prepare for the future of new instruments on upcoming satellites.

Smit, Matt↗
NASA NTRS2022

Towards an Implementation of Differential Dynamic Logic in PVS

This paper describes an ongoing effort to embed and verify differential dynamic logic (dL) in the Prototype Verification System (PVS). dL is a logic for specifying and formally reasoning about hybrid systems, which employ both continuous and discrete dynamics. There are several benefits of this effort. First, the embedding of dL in PVS offers an independent formal verification of the semantics and rules of dL. Second, the embedding is fully operational within PVS, giving PVS practitioners the ability to use dL in the formal specification and verification process. Third, the rich specification language, type system, and powerful interactive prover of PVS can be used on dL objects. In addition to the embedding and verification of dL, a custom extension for Visual Studio Code has been developed, so that a stylized dL syntax can be used to specify hybrid programs and their properties.

Differential Dynamic Logic↗
NASA NTRS2013

Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) and other Flow Visualization Developments and Applications at GRC

This is a presentation to be given at an internal NASA Advanced Schlieren Working Group Meeting. The presentation will cover the recent developments and applications of flow visualization methods at GRC. The topics being discussed will include the use of Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) in the study of screech and its associated shock spacing as well as in the investigation of broadband shock noise reduction in the Jet-Surface Interaction Tests. In addition, other flow visualiztion methods will be discussed in an on-going study comparing schlieren, shadowgraph, BOS, and focusing schlieren.

background oriented schlieren↗
NASA NTRS1988

Numerical flow field visualization

The application of computer-generated imagery to analyze numerical solutions of fluid flow is presented. High-performance graphics workstations, their current capabilities, and their use in flow field analysis are discussed. Interactive flow field computations about complex three-dimensional bodies applying computer-generated imagery are projected for the future.

Smith, Robert E.↗
NASA NTRS2014

CANDELS Visual Classifications: Scheme, Data Release, and First Results

We have undertaken an ambitious program to visually classify all galaxies in the five CANDELS fields down to H <24.5 involving the dedicated efforts of 65 individual classifiers. Once completed, we expect to have detailed morphological classifications for over 50,000 galaxies spanning 0 < z < 4 over all the fields. Here, we present our detailed visual classification scheme, which was designed to cover a wide range of CANDELS science goals. This scheme includes the basic Hubble sequence types, but also includes a detailed look at mergers and interactions, the clumpiness of galaxies, k-corrections, and a variety of other structural properties. In this paper, we focus on the first field to be completed - GOODS-S, which has been classified at various depths. The wide area coverage spanning the full field (wide+deep+ERS) includes 7634 galaxies that have been classified by at least three different people. In the deep area of the field, 2534 galaxies have been classified by at least five different people at three different depths. With this paper, we release to the public all of the visual classifications in GOODS-S along with the Perl/Tk GUI that we developed to classify galaxies. We present our initial results here, including an analysis of our internal consistency and comparisons among multiple classifiers as well as a comparison to the Sersic index. We find that the level of agreement among classifiers is quite good and depends on both the galaxy magnitude and the galaxy type, with disks showing the highest level of agreement and irregulars the lowest. A comparison of our classifications with the Sersic index and restframe colors shows a clear separation between disk and spheroid populations. Finally, we explore morphological k-corrections between the V-band and H-band observations and find that a small fraction (84 galaxies in total) are classified as being very different between these two bands. These galaxies typically have very clumpy and extended morphology or are very faint in the V-band.

Visual↗
NASA NTRS1981

Remote sensing applied to agriculture: Basic principles, methodology, and applications

The general principles of remote sensing techniques as applied to agriculture and the methods of data analysis are described. the theoretical spectral responses of crops; reflectance, transmittance, and absorbtance of plants; interactions of plants and soils with reflectance energy; leaf morphology; and factors which affect the reflectance of vegetation cover are dicussed. The methodologies of visual and computer-aided analyses of LANDSAT data are presented. Finally, a case study wherein infrared film was used to detect crop anomalies and other data applications are described.

Dejesusparada, N.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Airfoil interaction with impinging vortex

The tip of a finite-span airfoil was used to generate a streamwise vortical flow, the strength of which could be varied by changing the incidence of the airfoil. The vortex that was generated traveled downstream and interacted with a second airfoil on which measurements of lift, drag, and pitching moment were made. The flow field, including the vortex core, was visualized in order to study the structural alterations to the vortex resulting from various levels of encounter with the downstream airfoil. These observations were also used to evaluate the accuracy of a theoretical model.

Mcalister, K. W.↗
NASA NTRS1989

The effects of stabilizing and destabilizing longitudinal curvature on the structure of turbulent, two-stream mixing layers

The construction and development of the multi-component traversing system and associated control hardware and software are presented. A hydrogen bubble/laser sheet flow visualization technique was developed to visually study the characteristics of the mixing layers. With this technique large-scale rollers arising from the Taylor-Gortler instability and its interaction with the primary Kelvin-Helmholtz structures can be studied.

Plesniak, Michael W.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Summary of in-flight flow visualization obtained from the NASA high alpha research vehicle

A summary of the surface and off-surface flow visualization results obtained in flight on the F-18 high alpha research vehicle (HARV) is presented, highlighting the extensive 3-D vortical flow on the aircraft at angles of attack up to 50 degs. The emitted fluid technique, as well as tufts and flow cones, were used to document the surface flow. A smoke generator system injected smoke into the vortex cores generated by the forebody and leading edge extensions (LEXs). Documentation was provided by onboard still and video, by air-to-air, and by postflight photography. The surface flow visualization techniques revealed laminar separation bubbles near the forebody apex, lines of separation on the forebody and LEX, and regions of attached and separated flow on the wings and fins. The off-surface flow visualization techniques showed the path of the vortex cores on the forebody and LEX as well as the LEX vortex core breakdown location. An interaction between the forebody and LEX vortices was noted. The flow over the surfaces of the vertical tail was categorized into regions of attached, unsteady, or separated flow using flow tufts.

Fisher, David F.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Supersonic flow visualization of a nacelle in close proximity to a simulated wing

A flow visualization study was made in the 9 x 9 inch supersonic wind tunnel at Wichita State University to examine shock and boundary layer flow interaction for a nacelle in close proximity to the lower surface of a simulated wing. The test matrix included variations of angle of attack from -2 degrees to +4 degrees, nacelle-wing gap from 0.5 to 3-nacelle inlet diameter (0.12 inch), and Reynolds number based on nacelle length (1.164 inch) from 1.16 x 10(exp 6) to 1.45 x 10(exp 6) at a nominal Mach number of 2. Schlieren pictures of wing and nacelle flowfield were recorded by a video camera during each tunnel run. Results show that the nacelle inlet shock wave remains attached to the inlet lip and its impingement does not significantly affect the wing boundary layer. At the nacelle trailing edge location, the wing boundary layer thickness is approximately one nacelle inlet diameter at alpha = 0 degrees and it decreases with increase of angle of attack.

Biber, Kasim↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Using Kamodo for CCMC ITM Output and Beyond

Kamodo is an official NASA open source python software package that functionalizes diverse datasets from models and observations in a consistent way, enabling advanced scientific analysis and visualization with simplistic syntax. Here we demonstrate this ability using several ITM models available through the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC). Users can now interact directly with model outputs, and satellites can be virtually flown through model output to allow many types of model/model and data/model comparisons. We will also provide information about significant updates and improvements to Kamodo and future plans.

Open Source Software↗
NASA NTRS1996

Experimental Investigation of Crossing Shock Wave-Turbulent Boundary Layer-Bleed Interaction

Results of an experimental investigation of a symmetric crossing shock wave/turbulent boundary layer/bleed interaction are presented for a freestream unit Reynolds number of 1.68 x 10(exp 7)/m, a Mach number of 2.81, and deflection angles of 8 degrees. The data obtained in this study are bleed mass flow rate using a trace gas technique, qualitative information in the form of oil flow visualization, flow field Pitot pressures, and static pressure measurements using pressure sensitive paint. The main objective of this test is two-fold. First, this study is conducted to explore boundary layer control through mass flow removal near a large region of separated flow caused by the interaction of a double fin-induced shock wave and an incoming turbulent boundary layer. Also, a comprehensive data set is needed for computational fluid dynamics code validation.

Kim, Hyun↗
NASA NTRS1987

Human-telerobot interactions - Information, control, and mental models

A part of the NASA's Space Station will be a teleoperated robot (telerobot) with arms for grasping and manipulation, feet for holding onto objects, and television cameras for visual feedback. The objective of the work described in this paper is to develop the requirements and specifications for the user-telerobot interface and to determine through research and testing that the interface results in efficient system operation. The focus of the development of the user-telerobot interface is on the information required by the user, the user inputs, and the design of the control workstation. Closely related to both the information required by the user and the user's control of the telerobot is the user's mental model of the relationship between the control inputs and the telerobot's actions.

Smith, Randy L.↗
NASA NTRS2001

A Comparison of Three-Dimensional Simulations of Traveling-Wave Tube Cold-Test Characteristics Using CST MICROWAVE STUDIO and MAFIA

Previously, it was shown that MAFIA (solutions of Maxwell's equations by the Finite Integration Algorithm), a three-dimensional simulation code, can be used to produce accurate cold-test characteristics including frequency-phase dispersion, interaction impedance, and attenuation for traveling-wave tube (TWT) slow-wave structures. In an effort to improve user-friendliness and simulation time, a model was developed to compute the cold-test parameters using the electromagnetic field simulation software package CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (MWS). Cold-test parameters were calculated for several slow-wave circuits including a ferruled coupled-cavity, a folded waveguide, and a novel finned-ladder circuit using both MWS and MAFIA. Comparisons indicate that MWS provides more accurate cold-test data with significantly reduced simulation times. Both MAFIA and MWS are based on the finite integration (FI) method; however, MWS has several advantages over MAFIA. First, it has a Windows based interface for PC operation, making it very user-friendly, whereas MAFIA is UNIX based. MWS uses a new Perfect Boundary Approximation (PBA), which increases the accuracy of the simulations by avoiding stair step approximations associated with MAFIA's representation of structures. Finally, MWS includes a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) compatible macro language that enables the simulation process to be automated and allows for the optimization of user-defined goal functions, such as interaction impedance.

Chevalier, C. T.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Aeroacoustic flowfield and acoustics of a model helicopter tail rotor at high advance ratio

Some results, relevant to rotorcraft noise generation process at high advance ratio, are presented in this paper from schlieren flow visualization and acoustic tests of a model tail rotor. The measured in-plane noise trends are consistent with the growth of the tip supersonic region seen in the schlieren visuals. Schlieren flow visuals reveal a propagating pressure wave in the second quadrant. Simultaneously measured acoustic data and the results of two-dimensional transonic Blade-Vortex Interaction analysis code ATRAN-2 indicate that this pressure wave is attributable to BVI activity in the first quadrant. This paper establishes that the transonic Blade-Vortex Interactions contribute to noise at high advance ratio level flight conditions.

Shenoy, Rajarama K.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Automating CPM-GOMS

CPM-GOMS is a modeling method that combines the task decomposition of a GOMS analysis with a model of human resource usage at the level of cognitive, perceptual, and motor operations. CPM-GOMS models have made accurate predictions about skilled user behavior in routine tasks, but developing such models is tedious and error-prone. We describe a process for automatically generating CPM-GOMS models from a hierarchical task decomposition expressed in a cognitive modeling tool called Apex. Resource scheduling in Apex automates the difficult task of interleaving the cognitive, perceptual, and motor resources underlying common task operators (e.g. mouse move-and-click). Apex's UI automatically generates PERT charts, which allow modelers to visualize a model's complex parallel behavior. Because interleaving and visualization is now automated, it is feasible to construct arbitrarily long sequences of behavior. To demonstrate the process, we present a model of automated teller interactions in Apex and discuss implications for user modeling. available to model human users, the Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection (GOMS) method [6, 21] has been the most widely used, providing accurate, often zero-parameter, predictions of the routine performance of skilled users in a wide range of procedural tasks [6, 13, 15, 27, 28]. GOMS is meant to model routine behavior. The user is assumed to have methods that apply sequences of operators and to achieve a goal. Selection rules are applied when there is more than one method to achieve a goal. Many routine tasks lend themselves well to such decomposition. Decomposition produces a representation of the task as a set of nested goal states that include an initial state and a final state. The iterative decomposition into goals and nested subgoals can terminate in primitives of any desired granularity, the choice of level of detail dependent on the predictions required. Although GOMS has proven useful in HCI, tools to support the construction of GOMS models have not yet come into general use.

GOMS↗
NASA NTRS2001

Where to look? Automating attending behaviors of virtual human characters

This research proposes a computational framework for generating visual attending behavior in an embodied simulated human agent. Such behaviors directly control eye and head motions, and guide other actions such as locomotion and reach. The implementation of these concepts, referred to as the AVA, draws on empirical and qualitative observations known from psychology, human factors and computer vision. Deliberate behaviors, the analogs of scanpaths in visual psychology, compete with involuntary attention capture and lapses into idling or free viewing. Insights provided by implementing this framework are: a defined set of parameters that impact the observable effects of attention, a defined vocabulary of looking behaviors for certain motor and cognitive activity, a defined hierarchy of three levels of eye behavior (endogenous, exogenous and idling) and a proposed method of how these types interact.

NASA Discipline Space Human Factors↗