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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61

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DOE OSTI2016

Novel Data Reduction Based on Statistical Similarity

Applications such as scientific simulations and power grid monitoring are generating so much data quickly that compression is essential to reduce storage requirement or transmission capacity. To achieve better compression, one is often willing to discard some repeated information. These lossy compression methods are primarily designed to minimize the Euclidean distance between the original data and the compressed data. But this measure of distance severely limits either reconstruction quality or compression performance. In this paper, we propose a new class of compression method by redefining the distance measure with a statistical concept known as exchangeability. This approach reduces the storage requirement and captures essential features, while reducing the storage requirement. In this paper, we report our design and implementation of such a compression method named IDEALEM. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we apply it on a set of power grid monitoring data, and show that it can reduce the volume of data much more than the best known compression method while maintaining the quality of the compressed data. Finally, in these tests, IDEALEM captures extraordinary events in the data, while its compression ratios can far exceed 100.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2026

Consumer safety-oriented scheduling of rotating power outages during heat waves

Extreme heat events have widespread effects on power systems, reducing available generation capacity, limiting transmission capabilities, and causing unusual demand patterns on the consumer side. As these combined effects expose bulk transmission systems to potential large-scale blackouts, utilities may be required to schedule and apply rotating outages, by temporarily and alternately disconnecting distribution substations to reduce overload. However, utilities lack mechanisms to inform these events, exacerbating the negative effects of heat waves on affected communities. This paper introduces a novel framework for scheduling rotating outages during heat waves while considering impacts on consumers’ safety. Instead of random sequential load shedding, we propose a methodology to rotate power outages considering a metric that quantifies the indoor overheating risk of groups of consumers during a power outage. The overheating risk is derived from a detailed building simulation using CityBES, where the buildings are modeled based on available data—use type, year built, floor area, number of stories, location—while presence of air conditioning and occupancy are calibrated from smart meter data. Based on the metric, an algorithm to schedule the rotating outages is applied to prioritize feeders for disconnection at each hour according to their overheating risk to meet a utility load reduction target. Applied to two substations and seven feeders in the Portland General Electric territory, the results show that this approach effectively leads to the lowest overheating risk during the resulting outage schedules, with an average 10.1% lower overheating compared to uninformed schedules.

Building thermal simulation↗

DOE OSTI2023

Mapping Inquiry Tool (MapIT) Database

The Mapping Inquiry Tool (MapIT) database consists of a geodatabase and data catalog of geologic, geophysical, structural, hydrologic, and contextual data, based on the data types to support geologic carbon storage activities and other subsurface energy systems resource assessments. The database was aggregated from publicly available data across the USA from state and federal entities. The database is structured by categories including rock unit geology, boundaries, national CS datasets, geophysical data, faults and structural data, infrastructure, surface hydrology, groundwater, and more. The data described in the data catalog is also available in the Mapping Inquiry Tool (https://edx.netl.doe.gov/dataset/mapping-inquiry-tool). Version 3 of the geodatabase and data catalog have been updated as of 5/17/2024. The database was published with a limited number of layers. The Catalog V3 contains many more resources than the geodatabase, documenting all layers that will be included in MapIT, and includes links to the original sources of the data. Within the catalog, in the final column, there is information about if the file is included in the geodatabase or not. Use the links provided in the catalog to download data directly from the original source if not included in the geodatabase. Four resources are included in this submission: 1. Geodatabase 2. ReadMe file 3. Catalog of data layers and additional data resources 4. Web link to a resource describing the motivation and reviewing the content of the geodatabase - DOE NETL Carbon Storage Site Mapping Inquiry Tool Database

carbon storage↗

DOE OSTI2014

Qualification of Daiichi Units 1, 2, and 3 Data for Severe Accident Evaluations - Process and Illustrative Examples from Prior TMI-2 Evaluations

The accidents at the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) and the Daiichi Units 1, 2, and 3 Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs) provide unique opportunities to evaluate instrumentation exposed to severe accident conditions. Conditions associated with the release of coolant and the hydrogen burn that occurred during the TMI-2 accident exposed instrumentation to harsh conditions, including direct radiation, radioactive contamination, and high humidity with elevated temperatures and pressures. As part of a program initiated in 2012 by the Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), a review was completed to gain insights from prior TMI-2 sensor survivability and data qualification efforts. This initial review focused on the set of sensors deemed most important by post-TMI-2 instrumentation evaluation programs. Instrumentation evaluation programs focused on data required by TMI-2 operators to assess the condition of the reactor and containment and the effect of mitigating actions taken by these operators. In addition, prior efforts focused on sensors providing data required for subsequent forensic evaluations and accident simulations. To encourage the potential for similar activities to be completed for qualifying data from Daiichi Units 1, 2, and 3, this report provides additional details related to the formal process used to develop a qualified TMI-2 data base and presents data qualification details for three parameters: primary system pressure; containment building temperature; and containment pressure. As described within this report, sensor evaluations and data qualification required implementation of various processes, including comparisons with data from other sensors, analytical calculations, laboratory testing, and comparisons with sensors subjected to similar conditions in large-scale integral tests and with sensors that were similar in design to instruments easily removed from the TMI-2 plant for evaluations. As documented in this report, results from qualifying data for these parameters led to key insights related to TMI-2 accident progression. Hence, these selected examples illustrate the types of activities completed in the TMI-2 data qualification process and the importance of such a qualification effort. These details are documented in this report to facilitate implementation of similar process using data and examinations at the Daiichi Units 1, 2, and 3 reactors so that BWR-specific benefits can be obtained.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

NASA NTRS1972

Considerations and techniques for incorporating remotely sensed imagery into the land resource management process.

Development of a scheme for utilizing remote sensing technology in an operational program for regional land use planning and land resource management program applications. The scheme utilizes remote sensing imagery as one of several potential inputs to derive desired and necessary data, and considers several alternative approaches to the expansion and/or reduction and analysis of data, using automated data handling techniques. Within this scheme is a five-stage program development which includes: (1) preliminary coordination, (2) interpretation and encoding, (3) creation of data base files, (4) data analysis and generation of desired products, and (5) applications.

Brooner, W. G.↗

NASA NTRS1974

The DLG processor: A data management executive for the engineering design integration (EDIN) system. Volume 1: Engineering description and utilization manual

The DLG processor is a Univac 1100 series computer program designed to read, modify, manipulate, and replace symbolic images. DLG is controlled by a set of user supplied directives and operates from a data base of stratified information which can be merged with the symbolic images. Data bases can be constructed and maintained in the mass storage media using the DLG directive language.

Glatt, C. R.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Analysis and prediction of Doppler noise during solar conjunctions

The results of a study of Doppler data noise during solar conjunctions were presented. During the first half of 1975, a sizeable data base of Doppler data noise (estimates) for the Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, and Helios 1 solar conjunctions was accumulated. To analyze this data, certain physical assumptions are made, leading to the development of a geometric parameter ("ISI") which correlates strongly with Doppler data noise under varying sun-earth-spacecraft geometries. Doppler noise models are then constructed from this parameter, resulting in the newfound ability to predict Doppler data noise during solar conjunctions, and hence to additionally be in a position to validate Doppler data acquired during solar conjunctions.

Berman, A. L.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Satellite-tracking and earth-dynamics research programs

Observations and research progress of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory are reported. Satellite tracking networks (ground stations) are discussed and equipment (Baker-Nunn cameras) used to observe the satellites is described. The improvement of the accuracy of a laser ranging system of the ground stations is discussed. Also, research efforts in satellite geodesy (tides, gravity anomalies, plate tectonics) is discussed. The use of data processing for geophysical data is examined, and a data base for the Earth and Ocean Physics Applications Program is proposed. Analytical models of the earth's motion (computerized simulation) are described and the computation (numerical integration and algorithms) of satellite orbits affected by the earth's albedo, using computer techniques, is also considered. Research efforts in the study of the atmosphere are examined (the effect of drag on satellite motion), and models of the atmosphere based on satellite data are described.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1978

Comparison of several NASTRAN analytical techniques for large structures

In order to plan for the finite element structural analysis of future aircraft, five static analysis techniques using the MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation version of NASTRAN were evaluated. The structure was analyzed as: (1) a single model with a symmetric loading condition; (2) a single model with symmetric/nonsymmetric loading conditions; (3) three substructures in three phases using tape storage with a symmetric loading condition; (4) three superelements using data base storage with a symmetric loading condition; and (5) three superelements using data base storage with cyclic symmetry for symmetric/nonsymmetric loading conditions. The superelement techniques proved superior to the single model approaches by reducing computer time for redesign work by as much as 70 percent.

Zemer, D. T.↗

NASA NTRS1978

Mars topography harmonics and geophysical implications

The paper describes an improved model of Martian global topography which has been obtained by fitting a sixteenth-degree harmonic series to occultation, radar, spectral, and photogrammetric measurements. Empirical elevation data based on photographic data are used to supplement the observations in areas without data. Values for the mean radius, the mean density, and the displacement of the center of the figure from the center of mass are presented. The reported geometric flattening is too great and the reported dynamic flattening is too small for Mars to be homogeneous and hydrostatic. Maps of the data distribution, global topography, and Bouguer gravity anomaly are interpreted in terms of a crustal thickness map which is consistent with gravity, topography, and recent preliminary Viking seismic results.

Bills, B. G.↗

NASA NTRS1979

Remote sensing inputs to National Model Implementation Program for water resources quality improvement

The Lake Herman watershed in southeastern South Dakota has been selected as one of seven water resources systems in the United States for involvement in the National Model Implementation Program (MIP). MIP is a pilot program initiated to illustrate the effectiveness of existing water resources quality improvement programs. The Remote Sensing Institute (RSI) at South Dakota State University has produced a computerized geographic information system for the Lake Herman watershed. All components necessary for the monitoring and evaluation process were included in the data base. The computerized data were used to produce thematic maps and tabular data for the land cover and soil classes within the watershed. These data are being utilized operationally by SCS resource personnel for planning and management purposes.

Eidenshink, J. C.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Summary of 1978 Southeastern Virginia Urban Plume study: Aircraft results for carbon monoxide, methane, nonmethane hydrocarbons, and ozone

The characteristics of the Southeastern Virginia urban plume were defined with emphasis on the photon-oxidant species. The measurement area was a rectangle, approximately 150 km by 100 km centered around Cape Charles, Virginia. Included in this area are the cities of Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Newport News, and Hampton. The area is bounded on the north by Wallops Island, Virginia, and on the south by the Hampton Roads area of Tidewater Virginia. The major axis of the rectangle is oriented in the southwest-northeast direction. The data set includes aircraft measurements for carbon monoxide, methane, nonmethane hydrocarbons, and ozone. The experiment shows that CO can be successfully measured as a tracer gas and used as an index for determining localized and urban plumes. The 1978 data base provided sufficient data to assess an automated chromatograph with flame ionization detection used for measuring methane and nonmethane hydrocarbons in flight.

Hill, G. F.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Advanced oxygen-hydrocarbon rocket engine study

The advantages and disadvantages, system performance and operating limits, engine parametric data, and technology requirements for candidate high pressure LO2/Hydrocarbon engine systems are summarized. These summaries of parametric analysis and design provide a consistent engine system data base. Power balance data were generated for the eleven engine cycles. Engine cycle rating parameters were established and the desired condition and the effect of the parameter on the engine and/or vehicle are described.

Obrien, C. J.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Networks and external sources of information, section 12

The basic functional aspects of telecommunications, text searching, and networking are reviewed. Some of the information services, both commercial and noncommercial, which are operational in the United States and Europe are described. The ARPANET, TELENET, TYMET, and EURONET packet networks are described. External online bibliographic data bases and factual data banks are reviewed. Details of services offered, specific topics available, and contact points are given for: (in the United States) the NASA/RECON, DOE/RECON, Defense RDT and E, Lockheed Information System (DIALOG), SDC ORBIT, and the bibliograhic Retrieval systems; and (in Europe), ESA/IRS, the International Atomic Energy Agency, TELESYSTEMS, SPIDEL, INKA DIMDI DATA-STAR, BLAISE, and PERGAMON-INFOLINE systems.

Eckert, P. F.↗

NASA NTRS1982

CIRSS vertical data integration, San Bernardino study

The creation and use of a vertically integrated data base, including LANDSAT data, for local planning purposes in a portion of San Bernardino County, California are described. The project illustrates that a vertically integrated approach can benefit local users, can be used to identify and rectify discrepancies in various data sources, and that the LANDSAT component can be effectively used to identify change, perform initial capability/suitability modeling, update existing data, and refine existing data in a geographic information system. Local analyses were developed which produced data of value to planners in the San Bernardino County Planning Department and the San Bernardino National Forest staff.

Hodson, W.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Agricultural requirements for precipitation measurements

The requirements for precipitation measurements from space for hydrologic forecasting applications are discussed. The structure of the hydrologic forecasting service of the National Weather Service (NWS) is described, and an attempt is made to estimate the sampling and accuracy requirements for a range of spatial and temporal averaging scales corresponding to various NWS hydrologic applications. Finally, the data base requirements are addressed. The critical point is made that for the data source to be most useful operationally at the NWS River Forecast Centers, the data must be available on-line in a format compatible with computer processing. Several data base systems are illustrated in a scenario for a multi-sensor rainfall analysis system (MSRANS). Actually, MSRANS is the software existing within the various computer environments required to preprocess, process, and analyze rainfall information from multiple sources.

Strommen, N. D.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Potential impact of remote sensing data on sea-state analysis and prediction

The severe North Atlantic storm which damaged the ocean liner Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) was studied to assess the impact of remotely sensed marine surface wind data obtained by SEASAT-A, on sea state specifications and forecasts. Alternate representations of the surface wind field in the QE2 storm were produced from the SEASAT enhanced data base, and from operational analyses based upon conventional data. The wind fields were used to drive a high resolution spectral ocean surface wave prediction model. Results show that sea state analyses would have been vastly improved during the period of storm formation and explosive development had remote sensing wind data been available in real time. A modest improvement in operational 12 to 24 hour wave forecasts would have followed automatically from the improved initial state specification made possible by the remote sensing data in both numerical and sea state prediction models. Significantly improved 24 to 48 hour wave forecasts require in addition to remote sensing data, refinement in the numerical and physical aspects of weather prediction models.

Cardone, V. J.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Characterization of PMR polyimide resin and prepreg

Procedures for the chemical characterization of PMR-15 resin solutions and graphite-reinforced prepregs were developed, and a chemical data base was established. In addition, a basic understanding of PMR-15 resin chemistry was gained; this was translated into effective processing procedures for the production of high quality graphite composites. During the program the PMR monomers and selected model compounds representative of postulated PMR-15 solution chemistry were acquired and characterized. Based on these data, a baseline PMR-15 resin was formulated and evaluated for processing characteristics and composite properties. Commercially available PMR-15 resins were then obtained and chemically characterized. Composite panels were fabricated and evaluated.

Lindenmeyer, P. H.↗