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At least 1,081 records · Page 60
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

A large dataset of detection and submeter-accurate 3-D trajectories of juvenile Chinook salmon

Abstract Acoustic telemetry has been used extensively to study the behavior of aquatic animals. The Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) is one such system; it was developed for studying juvenile salmonids but has been used to study numerous species. A recent innovation of the JSATS system is an acoustic transmitter that is small enough to be implanted through injection or small incision that doesn’t require sutures. Use of the JSATS system involves deploying cabled acoustic receivers at hydroelectric dams, or other structures, and autonomous acoustic receivers in free-flowing sections of a river. The raw detections from acoustic-tagged fish are processed to remove potential false positives. The clean detections (5,147,996 total) are used to generate detection events and to compute 3-D trajectories (403,900 total), which are used to assign fish to a passage route through a dam. Controlled field testing involving a high-accuracy Global Positioning System receiver is done to validate the submeter accuracy of the trajectories. The JSATS dataset could be reused for expanding the understanding of near-dam fish behavior.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Implanted satellite transmitters affect sea duck movement patterns at short and long timescales

Abstract Studies of the effects of transmitters on wildlife often focus on survival. However, sublethal behavioral changes resulting from radio-marking have the potential to affect inferences from telemetry data and may vary based on individual and environmental characteristics. We used a long-term, multi-species tracking study of sea ducks to assess behavioral patterns at multiple temporal scales following implantation of intracoelomic satellite transmitters. We applied state-space models to assess short-term behavioral patterns in 476 individuals with implanted satellite transmitters, as well as comparing breeding site attendance and migratory phenology across multiple years after capture. In the short term, our results suggest an increase in dispersive behavior immediately following capture and transmitter implantation; however, behavior returned to seasonally average patterns within ~5 days after release. Over multiple years, we found that breeding site attendance by both males and females was depressed during the first breeding season after radio-marking relative to subsequent years, with larger relative decreases in breeding site attendance among males than females. We also found that spring and breeding migrations occurred later in the first year after radio-marking than in subsequent years. Across all behavioral effects, the severity of behavioral change often varied by species, sex, age, and capture season. We conclude that, although individuals appear to adjust relatively quickly (i.e. within 1 week) to implanted satellite transmitters, changes in breeding phenology may occur over the longer term and should be considered when analyzing and reporting telemetry data.

Lamb, Juliet S.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Exploring the Frontiers of Energy Efficiency using Power Management at System Scale

In the face of surging power demands for exascale HPC systems, this work tackles the critical challenge of understanding the impact of software-driven power management techniques like Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) and Power Capping. These techniques have been actively developed over the past few decades. By combining insights from GPU benchmarking to understand application power profiles, we present a telemetry data-driven approach for deriving energy savings projections. This approach has been demonstrably applied to the Frontier supercomputer at scale. Our findings based on three months of telemetry data indicate that, for certain resource-constrained jobs, significant energy savings (up to 8.5%) can be achieved without compromising performance. This translates to a substantial cost reduction, equivalent to 1438 MWh of energy saved. The key contribution of this work lies in the methodology for establishing an upper limit for these best-case scenarios and its successful application. This work enables HPC professionals to optimize the power-performance trade-off within constrained power budgets, not only for the exascale era but also beyond.

Karimi, Ahmad Maroof↗
DOE OSTI2013

Ultraviolet radiation as disinfection for fish surgical tools

Telemetry is frequently used to examine the behavior of fish, and the transmitters used are normally surgically implanted into the coelomic cavity of fish. Implantation requires the use of surgical tools such as scalpels, forceps, needle holders, and sutures. When fish are implanted consecutively, as in large telemetry studies, it is common for surgical tools to be sterilized or, at minimum, disinfected between each use so that pathogens that may be present are not spread among fish. To determine the efficacy for this application, ultraviolet (UV) radiation was used to disinfect surgical tools exposed to one of four aquatic organisms that typically lead to negative health issues for salmonids. These organisms included Aeromonas salmonicida, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Renibacterium salmoninarum, and Saprolegnia parasitica, causative agents of furunculosis, coldwater disease, bacterial kidney disease, and saprolegniasis (water mold), respectively. Four experiments were conducted to address the question of UV efficacy. In the first experiment, forceps were exposed to the three bacteria at three varying concentrations. After exposure to the bacterial culture, tools were placed into a mobile Millipore UV sterilization apparatus. The tools were then exposed for three different time periods – 2, 5, or 15 min. UV radiation exposures at all durations were effective at killing all three bacteria on forceps at the highest bacteria concentrations. In the second experiment, stab scalpels, sutures, and needle holders were exposed to A. salmonicida using the same methodology as used in Experiment 1. UV radiation exposure at 5 and 15 min was effective at killing A. salmonicida on stab scalpels and sutures but not needle holders. In the third experiment, S. parasitica, a water mold, was tested using an agar plate method and forceps-pinch method. UV radiation was effective at killing the water mold at all three exposure durations. Collectively, this study shows that UV radiation appears to provide a quick alternative disinfection technique to chemical disinfectants (e.g., ethanol) for some surgical tools. However, we do not recommend using this method for tools such as needle holders having overlapping parts or other structures that cannot be exposed directly to UV radiation

UV light, sterilization, fish surgery, disinfectio↗
DOE OSTI2023

Laboratory demonstration of the prediction of wind-blown turbulence by adaptive optics at 8 kHz with use of LQG control

The low-latency adaptive optical mirror system (LLAMAS) is designed to push the limits on achievable latencies and frame rates. It has 21 subapertures across its pupil. Here, a reformulated version of the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) method predictive Fourier control is implemented in LLAMAS; for all modes, it takes just 30 µs to compute. In the testbed, a turbulator mixes hot and ambient air to produce wind-blown turbulence. Wind prediction clearly improves correction when compared to an integral controller. Closed-loop telemetry shows that wind-predictive LQG removes the characteristic “butterfly” and reduces temporal error power by up to a factor of three for mid-spatial frequency modes. Strehl changes seen in focal plane images are consistent with telemetry and the system error budget.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Field Evaluation of an External and Neutrally Buoyant Acoustic Transmitter for Juvenile Salmon: Implications for Estimating Hydroturbine Passage Survival

Turbine-passed fish are exposed to rapid decreases in pressure which can cause barotrauma. The presence of an implanted telemetry tag increases the likelihood of injury or death from exposure to pressure changes, thus potentially biasing studies evaluating survival of turbine-passed fish. Therefore, a neutrally buoyant externally attached tag was developed to eliminate this bias in turbine passage studies. This new tag was designed not to add excess mass in water or take up space in the coelom, having an effective tag burden of zero with the goal of reducing pressure related biases to turbine survival studies. To determine if this new tag affects fish performance or susceptibility to predation, it was evaluated in the field relative to internally implanted acoustic transmitters (JSATS; Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System) used widely for survival studies of juvenile salmonids. Survival and travel time through the study reach was compared between fish with either tag type in an area of high predation in the Snake and Columbia rivers, Washington. An additional group of fish affixed with neutrally-buoyant dummy external tags were implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and recovered further downstream to assess external tag retention and injury. There were no significant differences in survival to the first detection site, 12 river kilometers (rkm) downstream of release. Travel times were also similar between groups. Conversely, externally-tagged fish had reduced survival (or elevated tag loss) to the second detection site, 65 rkm downstream. In addition, the retention study revealed that tag loss was first observed in fish recaptured approximately 9 days after release. Results suggest that this new tag may be viable for short term (<8 days) single-dam turbine-passage studies and under these situations, may alleviate the turbine passage-related bias encountered when using internal tags, however further research is needed to confirm this.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pilot Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Deployment for Anchorage, Alaska, Municipal Solid Waste Collection

Through a grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Municipality of Anchorage initiated a pilot program in their Solid Waste Services (SWS) department to add heavy-duty electric trucks to its vehicle fleet. The project involves the purchase and deployment of a Peterbilt 220EV electric box truck and two Peterbilt 520EV heavy-duty electric refuse trucks. The Alaska Center for Energy and Power at the University of Alaska Fairbanks performed data analysis. Data collected include telemetry data from both types of electric trucks, charging data from the 520EV telemetry data and a Level 2 charger, and facility-level electric use data.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pilot Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Deployment for Anchorage, Alaska, Municipal Solid Waste Collection

Through a grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Municipality of Anchorage initiated a pilot program in their Solid Waste Services (SWS) department to add heavy-duty electric trucks to its vehicle fleet. The project involves the purchase and deployment of a Peterbilt 220EV electric box truck and two Peterbilt 520EV heavy-duty electric refuse trucks. The Alaska Center for Energy and Power at the University of Alaska Fairbanks performed data analysis. Data collected include telemetry data from both types of electric trucks, charging data from the 520EV telemetry data and a Level 2 charger, and facility-level electric use data.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2012

The Efficacy of Ultraviolet Radiation for Sterilizing Tools Used for Surgically Implanting Transmitters into Fish

Telemetry is frequently used to examine the behavior of fish, and the transmitters used are normally surgically implanted into the coelom of fish. Implantation requires the use of surgical tools such as scalpels, forceps, needle holders, and sutures. When several fish are implanted consecutively for large telemetry studies, it is common for surgical tools to be sterilized or, at minimum, disinfected between each use so that pathogens that may be present are not spread among fish. However, autoclaving tools can take a long period of time, and chemical sterilants or disinfectants can be harmful to both humans and fish and have varied effectiveness. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is commonly used to disinfect water in aquaculture facilities. However, this technology has not been widely used to sterilize tools for surgical implantation of transmitters in fish. To determine its efficacy for this application, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory researchers used UV radiation to disinfect surgical tools (i.e., forceps, needle holder, stab scalpel, and suture) that were exposed to one of four aquatic organisms that typically lead to negative health issues for salmonids. These organisms included Aeromonas salmonicida, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Renibacterium salmoninarum, and Saprolegnia parasitica. Surgical tools were exposed to the bacteria by dipping them into a confluent suspension of three varying concentrations (i.e., low, medium, high). After exposure to the bacterial culture, tools were placed into a mobile Millipore UV sterilization apparatus. The tools were then exposed for three different time periods—2, 5, or 15 min. S. parasitica, a water mold, was tested using an agar plate method and forceps-pinch method. UV light exposures of 5 and 15 min were effective at killing all four organisms. UV light was also effective at killing Geobacillus stearothermophilus, the organism used as a biological indicator to verify effectiveness of steam sterilizers. These techniques appear to provide a quick alternative disinfection technique for some surgical tools that is less harmful to both humans and fish while not producing chemical waste. However, we do not recommend using these methods with tools that have overlapping parts or other structures that cannot be directly exposed to UV light such as needle holders.

Walker, Ricardo W.↗
DOE OSTI2013

Compliance Monitoring of Yearling and Subyearling Chinook Salmon and Juvenile Steelhead Survival and Passage at John Day Dam, 2012

The purpose of this compliance study was to estimate dam passage survival of yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon and steelhead smolts at John Day Dam during the spring and summer outmigrations in 2012. Under the 2008 Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) Biological Opinion (BiOp), dam passage survival should be greater than or equal to 0.96 for spring migrants and greater than or equal to 0.93 for summer migrants, estimated with a standard error (SE) less than or equal to 0.015. The study also estimated smolt passage survival from the forebay 2 km upstream of the dam to the tailrace 3 km downstream of the dam, as well as the forebay residence time, tailrace egress time, spill passage efficiency (SPE), and fish passage efficiency (FPE), as required in the Columbia Basin Fish Accords (Fish Accords). A virtual/paired-release design was used to estimate dam passage survival at John Day Dam. The approach included releases of smolts, tagged with acoustic micro-transmitters, above John Day Dam that contributed to the formation of a virtual release at the face of John Day Dam. A survival estimate from this release was adjusted by a paired release below John Day Dam. A total of 3376 yearling Chinook salmon, 5726 subyearling Chinook salmon, and 3239 steelhead smolts were used in the virtual releases. Sample sizes for the below-dam paired releases (R2 and R3, respectively) were 997 and 995 for yearling Chinook salmon smolts, 986 and 983 for subyearling Chinook salmon smolts, and 1000 and 1000 for steelhead smolts. The Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) tags were manufactured by Advanced Telemetry Systems. Model SS300 tags, weighing 0.304 g in air, were surgically implanted in yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon, and Model SS130 tag, weighing 0.438 g in air, were surgically implanted in juvenile steelhead for this investigation. The intent of the spring study was to estimate dam passage survival during both 30% and 40% spill conditions. The two spill conditions were to be systematically performed in alternating 2-day test intervals over the course of the spring outmigration. High flow conditions in 2012 interrupted the spill study. Dam passage survival was therefore estimated season-wide regardless of spill conditions.

Skalski, J. R.↗
DOE OSTI2018

High Temperature 300°C Measurement While Drilling System

Many countries around the world, including the USA, have untapped geothermal energy potential. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) technology is needed to economically utilize this resource. Temperatures in some EGS reservoirs can exceed 300°C. To effectively utilize EGS resources, an array of injection and production wells must be accurately placed in the formation fracture network. Therefore, EGS can greatly benefit from a high temperature directional drilling system. Most commercial services for directional drilling systems are rated for 175°C while geothermal wells require operation at much higher temperatures. Two U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) projects have been initiated to develop a 300°C capable directional drilling system, the first developing a drill bit, directional motor, and drilling fluid (award number DE-EE0002782), and the second adding navigation and telemetry systems. This report is for the second project, “High Temperature 300°C Measurement While Drilling System”, award number DE-EE0005505. The “High Temperature 300°C Measurement While Drilling (MWD)” system complements the already developed drilling system with real time navigation capability. It is comprised of 175°C directional measurement electronics including the required sensors for measuring inclination and azimuth in 3 axes. It is embedded in a cooling and temperature isolation system to protect the electronics and sensors from the higher temperature outside the system, which can reach 300°C. Building the cooling and isolation system from non-magnetic materials and keeping a required distance to any magnetic component, such as alternator parts, ensures a high quality measurement of the earth’s magnetic field. This is required to achieve the specified navigation accuracy. The MWD system has a turbine driven alternator that is capable of delivering the required electrical energy to the electronic system at a 300°C borehole temperature. Measured data will be communicated to the surface by mud-pulse-telemetry. For this purpose the tool has a mud-pulse-valve that is controlled by the measurement electronics to establish a serial data communication via the mud stream. The mud-pulse-valve is also built to operate under 300°C borehole conditions. Three prototypes of the 300°C MWD were built and tested. These systems are available for a joint application with the previously developed 300°C drilling system, in a geothermal well.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Streaming Analytics for Anomaly Detection in Large-Scale Data

Anomalous behavior poses serious risks to assured performance and reliability of complex, high-consequence systems. For spaceborne assets and their state-of-health (SOH) telemetry, the challenges of high-dimensional data of varying data types are compounded by computational limitations from size, weight, and power (SWaP) constraints as well as data availability. Automated anomaly detection methods tend to perform poorly under these constraints, while current operational approaches can introduce delays in response time due to the manual, retrospective processes for understanding system failures. As a result, presently deployed space systems, and those deployed in the near future, face situations where mission operations might be delayed or only be able to operate under degraded capabilities. Here, we examine a near-term lightweight solution that provides real-time detection capabilities for rare events and assess state-of-the-art anomaly detection techniques against real SOH telemetry from space platforms. This report describes our methodology and research, which could support more automated capabilities for comprehensive space operations as well as for other resource-constrained edge applications.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2026

Comparison of Radiosonde Datasets: SondeHub and Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive

SondeHub aggregates radiosonde telemetry data uploaded from community-run radiosonde receiver stations. This radiosonde telemetry dataset is open-source, available to anyone through Amazon S3. There are also other public radiosonde datasets such as National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)’s Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). While there are many similarities between the two datasets, there are many differences as well due to the nature of the two datasets: one is community-run, while the other is managed by a government agency. This report presents the result of analyzing and comparing the two datasets.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1967

Computer program for Video Data Processing System /VDPS/

Video data from spacecraft photographic mission telemetry is scanned to generate digital tape computer program which prints out intensity points, cleans noise and telemetry drop-out, enhances contrast, modifies the picture, and calculates contour lines. The output is converted into new photographic film.

Billingsley, F. C.↗
NASA NTRS1966

Apollo network

Although the design of the Apollo network followed closely behind the Manned Space Flight Network (MSFN) modification for the Gemini program, many site modifications were necessary to provide Apollo support due to the greater scope of the Apollo program. The Apollo program requires instrumentation for support of the S-I, S-11, S IV-B/IU, Command Service Module (CSM) and Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) stages. Command Service Module (CSM) and Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) stages. Support must also be provided at both orbital and lunar distances. Increased data processing capability is required for processing and displaying significantly larger amounts of information. The ground network requires the capability of processing both Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) telemetry and command data for the CSM, LEM, and S IV-B/IU. In various stages of the Apollo program, both tone (on UHF) and digital [on Unified S-Band (USB) and UHF] command capabilities are required. Also at various stages both USB and VHF telemetry links are required.

Ground support system↗
NASA NTRS1970

Block-coded communications

Theory for block-coded telemetry systems is useful in testing performance of one- and two-way, phase-coherent telemetry systems when double-conversion, superheterodyne, phase-locked receiver, preceded by bandpass limiter is used to track carrier.

Lindsey, W. C.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Experiment M412: Landmark contrast measurements

The objective was to measure the visual contrast of landmarks with the surroundings to determine the relative visibility of terrestrial landmarks from positions outside the atmosphere. Because of a malfunction of the photometer, no photometric data were obtained. A trial sighting run was performed in which a landmark on the western African coast was sighted, tracked through the nadir, and photographed. The telemetry record of the photograph was examined. Telemetry data were inconsistent with the known conditions of the landmark.

Manry, C. E.↗