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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,081 records · Page 60
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1980

Advanced very high resolution radiometer, Mod 2 engineering report

The Advanced High Resolution Radiometer, Mod 2 (AVHRR/2) is a modification of the original AVHRR (AVHRR/1) to expand the number of channels from four to five and provide additional sensing in the infrared region. A comparison of the spectral regions employed in the two instruments is given. Three of the channels are the same on both instruments. The difference in instruments is in the long wave IR region where a single channel was replaced by two channels. The modification from AVHRR/1 to AVHRR/2 was done with a minimum of changes. The areas of change are highlighted and the modifications by module are summarized. It is seen that the primary changes are in the relay optics and in the cooler. In this development program only two models are involved. The first model, the Optical Test Model was constructed and tested to prove the performance and structural integrity of the optical system and the modified cooler. The second model constructed is the Protoflight. Only the areas of the AVHRR/2 which were modified from the AVHRR/1 design are discussed.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1981

Performance of a Haynes 188 metallic standoff thermal protection system at Mach 7

A flight weight, metallic thermal protection system (TPS) model applicable to reentry and hypersonic vehicles was subjected to multiple cycles of both radiant and aerothermal heating to evaluate its aerothermal performance and structural integrity. The TPS was designed for a maximum operating temperature of 1255 K and featured a shingled, corrugation stiffened corrugated skin heat shield of Haynes 188, a cobalt base alloy. The model was subjected to 3 radiant preheat/aerothermal tests for a total of 67 seconds and to 15 radiant heating tests for a total of 85.9 minutes at 1255 K. The TPS limited the primary structure to temperatures below 430 K in all tests. No catastrophic failures occurred in the heat shields, supports, or insulation system. The TPS continued to function even after exposure to a differential temperature 4 times the design value produced thermal buckles in the outer skin. The shingled thermal expansion joint effectively allowed for thermal expansion of the heat shield without allowing any appreciable hot gas flow into the model cavity, even though the overlap gap between shields increased after several thermal cycles.

Avery, D. E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Characteristics of 30-centimeter mercury ion thrusters

The technology development of the 30-cm J-series mercury ion thruster for prime propulsion application in solar electric propulsion systems has been conducted at NASA-Lewis Research Center. This development included the fabrication and testing of the 30-cm thruster. The present J-series thruster design is the result of an intensive effort to eliminate real and potential design deficiencies that were uncovered during initial endurance, structural, and performance tests. A standardized set of test and data recording procedure was formulated to allow for the characterization of the J-series thruster. This paper briefly reviews the design of the J-series thruster and presents a compilation of recent test results that define the J-series thruster characteristics.

Maloy, J. E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Preliminary Design Study of a Hybrid Airship for Flight Research

The feasibility of using components from four small helicopters and an airship envelope as the basis for a quad-rotor research aircraft was studied. Preliminary investigations included a review of candidate hardware and various combinations of rotor craft/airship configurations. A selected vehicle was analyzed to assess its structural and performance characteristics.

Browning, R. G. E.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Automated Orbit Determination System (AODS) requirements definition and analysis

The requirements definition for the prototype version of the automated orbit determination system (AODS) is presented including the AODS requirements at all levels, the functional model as determined through the structured analysis performed during requirements definition, and the results of the requirements analysis. Also specified are the implementation strategy for AODS and the AODS-required external support software system (ADEPT), input and output message formats, and procedures for modifying the requirements.

Waligora, S. R.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Characteristics of the LeRC/Hughes J-series 30-cm engineering model thruster

As a consequence of endurance and structural tests performed on 900-series engineering model thrusters (EMT), several modifications in design were found to be necessary for achieving performance goals. The modified thruster is known as the J-series EMT. The most important of the design modifications affect the accelerator grid, gimbal mount, cathode polepiece, and wiring harness. The paper discusses the design modifications incorporated, the condition(s) they corrected, and the characteristics of the modified thruster.

Collett, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Contracts, grants and funding summary of supersonic cruise research and variable-cycle engine technology programs, 1972 - 1982

NASA-SCAR (AST) program was initiated in 1972 at the direct request of the Executive Office of the White House and Congress following termination of the U.S. SST program. The purpose of SCR was to conduct a focused research and technology program on those technology programs which contributed to the SST termination and, also, to provide an expanded data base for future civil and military supersonic transport aircraft. Funding for the Supersonic Cruise Research (SCR) Program was initiated in fiscal year 1973 and terminated in fiscal year 1981. The program was implemented through contracts and grants with industry, universities, and by in-house investigations at the NASA/OAST centers. The studies included system studies and five disciplines: propulsion, stratospheric emissions impact, materials and structures, aerodynamic performance, and stability and control. The NASA/Lewis Variable-Cycle Engine (VCE) Component Program was initiated in 1976 to augment the SCR program in the area of propulsion. After about 2 years, the title was changed to VCE Technology program. The total number of contractors and grantees on record at the AST office in 1982 was 101 for SCR and 4 for VCE. This paper presents a compilation of all the contracts and grants as well as the funding summaries for both programs.

Hoffman, S.↗
NASA NTRS1983

The development and test of multi-anode microchannel array detector systems. 2: Soft X-ray detectors

The techniques and procedures for producing very-large-format pulse-counting array detector systems for use in forthcoming high-energy astrophysics facilities were defined, and the structures and performance characteristics of high-sensitivity photocathodes for use at soft X-ray wavelengths between 100 and 1 A were determined. The progress made to date in each of these areas are described and the tasks that will be undertaken when the program is continued are summarized.

Timothy, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Positive Electrode Fabrication for Bi-polar Ni-h2 Cells

Bi-Polar nickel hydrogen design studies indicated a potential improvement in energy density and specific energy if positive electrodes could be manufactured in configurations of twice or more of the present normal thickness. Such electrodes would have to achieve similar active material loading, utilization, and cycle life to conventional 0.8mm I.P.U. nickel hydrogen electrodes. A capability for producing 1.0mm dry sinter and 1.5mm slurry sinter structures on production processes and equipment was demonstrated. The EPI/USAF electrochemical impregnation process proved capable of loading thick electrodes to 1.60 g/cubic centimeters void or higher. Sample electrodes incurred 2000 high rate stress cycles without significant structural or performance degradation. Formation regimes developed for thin plaque are not optimal for thick plaque and further investigation into electrode capacity build-up would seem warranted. Thick electrode technology development is continuing under other programs and shows promise of fulfilling the projected energy density and specific energy improvements.

Edgar, T. A.↗
NASA NTRS1985

An experimental study of airfoil-spoiler aerodynamics

The steady/unsteady flow field generated by a typical two dimensional airfoil with a statically deflected flap type spoiler was investigated. Subsonic wind tunnel tests were made over a range of parameters: spoiler deflection, angle of attack, and two Reynolds numbers; and comprehensive measurements of the mean and fluctuating surface pressures, velocities in the boundary layer, and velocities in the wake. Schlieren flow visualization of the near wake structure was performed. The mean lift, moment, and surface pressure characteristics are in agreement with previous investigations of spoiler aerodynamics. At large spoiler deflections, boundary layer character affects the static pressure distribution in the spoiler hingeline region; and, the wake mean velocity fields reveals a closed region of reversed flow aft of the spoiler. It is shown that the unsteady flow field characteristics are as follows: (1) the unsteady nature of the wake is characterized by vortex shedding; (2) the character of the vortex shedding changes with spoiler deflection; (3) the vortex shedding characteristics are in agreement with other bluff body investigations; and (4) the vortex shedding frequency component of the fluctuating surface pressure field is of appreciable magnitude at large spoiler deflections. The flow past an airfoil with deflected spoiler is a particular problem in bluff body aerodynamics is considered.

Mclachlan, B. G.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Integrated cockpit design for the Army helicopter improvement program

The main Army Helicopter Improvement Program (AHIP) mission is to navigate precisely, locate targets accurately, communicate their position to other battlefield elements, and to designate them for laser guided weapons. The onboard navigation and mast-mounted sight (MMS) avionics enable accurate tracking of current aircraft position and subsequent target location. The AHIP crewstation development was based on extensive mission/task analysis, function allocation, total system design, and test and verification. The avionics requirements to meet the mission was limited by the existing aircraft structural and performance characteristics and resultant space, weight, and power restrictions. These limitations and night operations requirement led to the use of night vision goggles. The combination of these requirements and limitations dictated an integrated control/display approach using multifunction displays and controls.

Drennen, T.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Impact of magnetic isolation on pointing system performance in the presence of structural flexibility

The inertial pointing stability of a gimbal pointing system (AGS) was compared with a magnetic pointing/gimbal followup system (ASPS), under certain conditions of system structural flexibility and disturbance inputs from the gimbal support structure. Separate 3 degree-of-freedom (3DOF) linear models based on NASTRAN modal flexibility data for the gimbal and support structures were generated for the ASPS configurations. Using the models inertial pointing control loops providing 6dB of gain margin and 45 deg of phase margin were defined for each configuration. The pointing loop bandwidth obtained for the ASPS is more than twice the level achieved for the AGS configuration. The AGS limit is attributed to the gimbal and support structure flexibility. As a result of the higher ASPS pointing loop bandwidth and the disturbance rejection provided by the magnetic isolation ASPS pointing performane is significantly better than that of the AGS system. The low frequency peak of the ASPS transfer function from base disturbance to payload angular motion is almost 60dB lower than AGS low frequency peak.

Seller, J.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Mobile Remote Manipulator

Turret, roll arm, and trolley enhance manipulator dexterity. Remote manipulator moves on trolley base along structure. Roll-axis arm positions manipulator arm so it can extend end effector under structure. Yaw-axis rotation gives added reach to arm above structure. Designed for handling, inspecting, and maintaining modules of space station. Manipulators having such capabilities useful on Earth; robots in manufacturing, erection of large structures, or performing complicated tasks in hazardous locations.

Coryell, S.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Life prediction and constitutive behavior

One of the primary drivers that prompted the initiation of the hot section technology (HOST) program was the recognized need for improved cyclic durability of costly hot section components. All too frequently, fatigue in one form or another was directly responsible for the less than desired durability, and prospects for the future weren't going to improve unless a significant effort was mounted to increase our knowledge and understanding of the elements governing cyclic crack initiation and propagation lifetime. Certainly one of the important factors is the ability to perform accurate structural stress-strain analyses on a routine basis to determine the magnitudes of the localized stresses and strains since it is these localized conditions that govern the initiation and crack growth processes. Developing the ability to more accurately predict crack initiation lifetimes and cyclic crack growth rates for the complex loading conditions found in turbine engine hot sections is of course the ultimate goal of the life prediction research efforts. It has been found convenient to divide the research efforts into those dealing with nominally isotropic and anisotropic alloys; the latter for application to directionally solidified and single crystal turbine blades.

Halford, G. R.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Aluminum Alloys for High Temperatures

New Al/Li alloys processed by rapid solidification show greatly improved strength-to-density ratios. Alloys suitable substitutes for heavier titanium alloys and weaker aluminum alloys in high-performance aircraft, bombers, and transports. Also suitable for use in high-performance-aircraft structures heated by engines and normally constructed from titanium alloys.

Meschter, Peter J.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Materials characterization of phosphoric acid fuel cell system

The component materials used in the fabrication of phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC) must have mechanical, chemical, and electrochemical stability to withstand the moderately high temperature (200 C) and pressure (500 kPa) and highly oxidizing nature of phosphoric acid. This study discusses the chemical and structural stability, performance and corrosion data on certain catalysts, catalyst supports, and electrode support materials used in PAFC applications.

Venkatesh, Srinivasan↗
NASA NTRS1987

Pseudomorphic InGaAs/AlGaAs modulation-doped FET's with reduced low-frequency noise and thermally stable performance

A high-performance MODFET structure grown by MBE with the incorporation of a single quantum well In(0.15)Ga(0.85)As layer for the transport of two-dimensional electron gas has been critically examined for its thermal stability at 80 K and low-frequency noise form 0.01 to 10 to the 8th Hz. Experimental results indicate that the behavior of this device in both these respects is much superior when compared with the same behavior of conventional MODFETs. A maximum low-field carrier mobility of 29,000 sq cm/s at 80 K and an average carrier saturation velocity of 2 x 10 to the 7th cm/s at 300 K in a 1-micron gate device clearly indicate that the quality of the pseudomorphic quantum well (InGaAs) layer is either comparable or better than that of the usual GaAs buffer layer. The deep level spectra, obtained through photo-FET measurements, and the low-frequency noise spectra at different temperatures obtained for the new pseudomorphic and conventional MODFET's have clearly indicated that contributions from various deep levels present in the new structure are significantly reduced.

Liu, Shih-Ming↗
NASA NTRS1988

Computer-Aided Design Of Turbine Blades And Vanes

Quasi-three-dimensional method for determining aerothermodynamic configuration of turbine uses computer-interactive analysis and design and computer-interactive graphics. Design procedure executed rapidly so designer easily repeats it to arrive at best performance, size, structural integrity, and engine life. Sequence of events in aerothermodynamic analysis and design starts with engine-balance equations and ends with boundary-layer analysis and viscous-flow calculations. Analysis-and-design procedure interactive and iterative throughout.

Hsu, Wayne Q.↗