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At least 1,081 records · Page 60

A GPU Accelerated Simulation Program for Electron Cooling Process

Electron cooling is essential to achieve high luminosity in the medium energy electron ion collider (MIEC) project at Jefferson Lab. Bunched electron beam with energy above 50 MeV is used to cool coasting and/or bunched ion beams. Although the conventional electron cooling technique has been widely used, such an implementation in MEIC is very challenging. We are developing a simulation program for the electron cooling process to fulfill the need of the electron cooling system design for MEIC. The program simulates the evolution of the ion beam under the intrabeam scattering (IBS) effect and the electron cooling effect using Monte Carlo method. To accelerate the calculation, the program is developed on a GPU platform. We will present some preliminary simulation results.

Zhang, He↗

Portable Programming Model Exploration for LArTPC Simulation in a Heterogeneous Computing Environment: OpenMP vs. SYCL

The evolution of the computing landscape has resulted in the proliferation of diverse hardware architectures, with different flavors of GPUs and other compute accelerators becoming more widely available. To facilitate the efficient use of these architectures in a heterogeneous computing environment, several programming models are available to enable portability and performance across different computing systems, such as Kokkos, SYCL, OpenMP and others. As part of the High Energy Physics Center for Computational Excellence (HEP-CCE) project, we investigate if and how these different programming models may be suitable for experimental HEP workflows through a few representative use cases. One of such use cases is the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) simulation which is essential for LArTPC detector design, validation and data analysis. Following up on our previous investigations of using Kokkos to port LArTPC simulation in the Wire-Cell Toolkit (WCT) to GPUs, we have explored OpenMP and SYCL as potential portable programming models for WCT, with the goal to make diverse computing resources accessible to the LArTPC simulations. In this work, we describe how we utilize relevant features of OpenMP and SYCL for the LArTPC simulation module in WCT. We also show performance benchmark results on multi-core CPUs, NVIDIA and AMD GPUs for both the OpenMP and the SYCL implementations. Comparisons with different compilers will also be given where appropriate.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen Program: 2022 Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Report; June 6-8 2022

This document summarizes peer review comments and scores for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Program 2022 Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting (AMR), held virtually June 6-8, 2022. The report also provides a brief overview of the Program, highlights key accomplishments since the previous AMR (held in June 2021), and summarizes activities and accomplishments within each Program office. Five Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office subprogram chapters provide summaries of key activities and accomplishments since the preceding AMR, summaries of projects presented orally during this year's AMR, and a summary of peer reviewer comments on the subprogram.

AMR↗

Refurbishment program of HANARO control computer system

HANARO, an open-tank-in-pool type research reactor with 30 MW thermal power, achieved its first criticality in 1995. The programmable controller system MLC (Multi Loop Controller) manufactured by MOORE has been used to control and regulate HANARO since 1995. We made a plan to replace the control computer because the system supplier no longer provided technical support and thus no spare parts were available. Aged and obsolete equipment and the shortage of spare parts supply could have caused great problems. The first consideration for a replacement of the control computer dates back to 2007. The supplier did not produce the components of MLC so that this system would no longer be guaranteed. We established the upgrade and refurbishment program in 2009 so as to keep HANARO up to date in terms of safety. We designed the new control computer system that would replace MLC. The new computer system is HCCS (HANARO Control Computer System). The refurbishing activity is in progress and will finish in 2013. The goal of the refurbishment program is a functional replacement of the reactor control system in consideration of suitable interfaces, compliance with no special outage for installation and commissioning, and no change of the well-proved operation philosophy. HCCS is a DCS (Discrete Control System) using PLC manufactured by RTP. To enhance the reliability, we adapt a triple processor system, double I/O system and hot swapping function. This paper describes the refurbishment program of the HANARO control system including the design requirements of HCCS. (authors)

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

Coupling the core analysis program DeCART to the fuel performance application BISON

The 3D neutron transport and core analysis program DeCART was coupled to the fuels performance application BISON to provide a higher fidelity tool for fuel performance simulation. This project is motivated by the desire to couple a high fidelity core analysis program (based on the method of characteristics) to a high fidelity fuel performance program, both of which can simulate 3D problems. DeCART provides sub-pin level resolution of the multigroup neutron flux, with resonance treatment, during burnup or a fast transient. BISON implicitly solves coupled thermomechanical equations for the fuel on a sub-millimeter level finite element mesh. A method was developed for mapping the fission rate density and fast neutron flux from DeCART to BISON. Multiple depletion cases were run with one-way data transfer from DeCART to BISON. The one-way data transfer of fission rate density is shown to agree with the fission rate density obtained from an internal Lassman-style model in BISON. One-way data transfer was also demonstrated in a 3D case in which azimuthal asymmetry was induced in the fission rate density profile of a fuel rod modeled in DeCART. Two-way data transfer was established by mapping the temperature distribution from BISON to DeCART. A Picard iterative algorithm was developed for the loose coupling with two-way data transfer. (authors)

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

German Support Program for Retrieval and Safe Storage of Disused Radioactive Sealed Sources in Ukraine - 13194

The German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) on behalf of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany supports the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine (SNRIU) in enhancement of nuclear safety and radiation protection and strengthening of the physical protection. One of the main objectives of the agreement concluded by these parties in 2008 was the retrieval and safe interim storage of disused orphan high radioactive sealed sources in Ukraine. At present, the Ukrainian National Registry does not account all high active radiation sources but only for about 70 - 80 %. GRS in charge of BMU to execute the program since 2008 concluded subcontracts with the waste management and interim storage facilities RADON at different regions in Ukraine as well with the waste management and interim storage facility IZOTOP at Kiev. Below selected examples of removal of high active Co-60 and Cs-137 sources from irradiation facilities at research institutes are described. By end of 2012 removal and safe interim storage of 12.000 disused radioactive sealed sources with a total activity of more than 5,7.10{sup 14} Bq was achieved within the frame of this program. The German support program will be continued up to the end of 2013 with the aim to remove and safely store almost all disused radioactive sealed sources in Ukraine. (authors)

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗

Overview of the Government of Canada Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program - 13551

Nuclear legacy liabilities have resulted from more than 60 years of nuclear research and development carried out on behalf of Canada. The liabilities are located at Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's (AECL) Chalk River Laboratories in Ontario and Whiteshell Laboratories in Manitoba, as well as three shutdown prototype reactors in Ontario and Quebec that are being maintained in a safe storage state. Estimated at about $7.4 billion (current day dollars), these liabilities consist of disused nuclear facilities and associated infrastructure, a wide variety of buried and stored waste, and contaminated lands. In 2006, the Government of Canada adopted a long-term strategy to deal with the nuclear legacy liabilities and initiated a five-year, $520 million start-up phase, thereby creating the Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program (NLLP). The Government of Canada renewed the NLLP in 2011 with a $439-million three-year second phase that ends March 31, 2014. The projects and activities carried out under the Program focus on infrastructure decommissioning, environmental restoration, improving the management of legacy radioactive waste, and advancing the long-term strategy. The NLLP is being implemented through a Memorandum of Understanding between Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) and AECL whereby NRCan is responsible for policy direction and oversight, including control of funding, and AECL is responsible for implementing the program of work and holding and administering all licences, facilities and lands. (authors)

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Lessons Learned on University Education Programs of Chemical Engineering Principles for Nuclear Plant Operations - 13588

University education aims to supply qualified human resources for industries. In complex large scale engineering systems such as nuclear power plants, the importance of qualified human resources cannot be underestimated. The corresponding education program should involve many topics systematically. Recently a nuclear engineering program has been initiated in Dongguk University, South Korea. The current education program focuses on undergraduate level nuclear engineering students. Our main objective is to provide industries fresh engineers with the understanding on the interconnection of local parts and the entire systems of nuclear power plants and the associated systems. From the experience there is a huge opportunity for chemical engineering disciple in the context of giving macroscopic overview on nuclear power plant and waste treatment management by strengthening the analyzing capability of fundamental situations. (authors)

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

Performance Assessment Program for the Savannah River Site Liquid Waste Facilities - 13610

The Liquid Waste facilities at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS) are operated by Liquid Waste Operations contractor Savannah River Remediation LLC (SRR). A separate Performance Assessment (PA) is prepared to support disposal operations at the Saltstone Disposal Facility and closure evaluations for the two liquid waste tank farm facilities at SRS, F-Tank Farm and H-Tank Farm. A PA provides the technical basis and results to be used in subsequent documents to demonstrate compliance with the pertinent requirements identified in operations and closure regulatory guidance. The Saltstone Disposal Facility is subject to a State of South Carolina industrial solid waste landfill permit and the tank farms are subject to a state industrial waste water permit. The three Liquid Waste facilities are also subject to a Federal Facility Agreement approved by the State, DOE and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Due to the regulatory structure, a PA is a key technical document reviewed by the DOE, the State of South Carolina and the EPA. As the waste material disposed of in the Saltstone Disposal Facility and the residual material in the closed tank farms is also subject to reclassification prior to closure via a waste determination pursuant to Section 3116 of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act of Fiscal Year 2005, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is also a reviewing agency for the PAs. Pursuant to the Act, the NRC also has a continuing role to monitor disposal actions to assess compliance with stated performance objectives. The Liquid Waste PA program at SRS represents a continual process over the life of the disposal and closure operations. When the need for a PA or PA revision is identified, the first step is to develop a conceptual model to best represent the facility conditions. The conceptual model will include physical dimensions of the closed system, both the engineered and natural system, and modeling input parameters associated with the modeled features, both initial values (at the time of facility closure) and degradation rates/values. During the development of the PA, evaluations are conducted to reflect not only the results associated with the best available information at the time but also to evaluate potential uncertainties and sensitivities associated with the modeled system. While the PA will reflect the modeled system results from the best available information, it will also identify areas for future work to reduce overall PA uncertainties moving forward. DOE requires a PA Maintenance Program such that work continues to reduce model uncertainties, thus bolstering confidence in PA results that support regulatory decisions. This maintenance work may include new Research and Development activities or modeling as informed by previous PA results and other new information that becomes available. As new information becomes available, it is evaluated against previous PAs and appropriate actions are taken to ensure continued confidence in the regulatory decisions. Therefore, the PA program is a continual process that is not just the development of a PA but seeks to incorporate new information to reduce overall model uncertainty and provide continuing confidence in regulatory decisions. (author)

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Development of an Automated Remedy Performance Evaluation Program - 13622

Performance monitoring is a vital element of groundwater remediation. Unfortunately, the enormous efforts and costs that are expended procuring, managing, processing and storing monitoring data are often not subject to correspondingly rigorous evaluation. This is despite the fact that many steps in the process are predictable and are repeated many times over the remedy life cycle. At the Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site, a program is underway to automate many of these steps - processing, formatting any analyzing large volumes of heterogeneous data associated with the operation of several groundwater pump-and-treat (P and T) and in-situ remedies. The Automated Remedy Performance Evaluation Program (ARPEP) was developed from a work-flow process designed to deliver (a) monthly data summaries and preliminary analysis, (b) quarterly performance assessments, and (c) annual roll-up analyses that detect changes in long-term monitoring datasets and support remedy optimization. The intent of the ARPEP is to provide detailed, systematic and traceable data summaries, depictions and analyses that can be used by project scientists to complete their evaluation of remedy performance. The ARPEP work-flow was formalized following extensive review of applicable guidance, regulation and industry standards. The ARPEP incorporates disparate data types collected over different frequencies, such as water levels and pumping rates recorded every minute, and groundwater sample results obtained on quarterly, annual or irregular intervals. The data are processed, reduced to frequencies suitable for assessment, and combined in various ways leading to performance indicators such as (a) pumped well capacities and system downtime that reflect operational performance; (b) hydraulic gradients and areas of hydraulic containment that reflect hydraulic performance; and (c) time-series (longitudinal) and geo-statistical (spatial) trend analyses that reflect progress toward attainment of Remedial Action Objectives (RAOs). The entire sequence of data processing and analysis is undertaken within the R programming environment, an open-source environment for statistical computing and graphics, and is summarized in a comprehensive PDF project report. (authors)

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US DOE Office of Technology Innovation and Development - Integration of the EM R and D Program in 2012 and Beyond - 12537

Applied research and technology development has the potential to accelerate environmental cleanup and reduce the cost for cleanup and closure of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) legacy waste sites throughout the United States. Providing the scientific understanding, knowledge, and technologies to enable successful completion of the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) mission, the Technology Innovation and Development program is transforming science and innovation into practical solutions for environmental cleanup. Through integration, collaboration, and communication with DOE partner organization, DOE site managers and contractors, these technologies will reduce human health and environmental risk, cost, and time associated with cleanup and closure. The Office of Technology Innovation and Development (OTID) focused efforts in fiscal year 2011 (FY 2011) to a proactive, visionary program balance with integrated, cross-disciplinary applied research and technology development activities. This transition provides the necessary scientific and technical advancements to address near-term needs. In addition, it fills the critical role in providing scientific approaches and advanced technologies that look beyond today's known needs and requirements to provide innovative technologies to make the necessary long-term changes required to facilitate cleanup and bring sites to closure. The outcomes and impacts of this strategy are summarized in the Impact Plan, which describes potential reduction in life-cycle costs through the development and deployment of advanced technologies supporting EM needs associated with waste processing, groundwater and soil remediation, deactivation and decommissioning, and spent nuclear fuel and materials disposition. Additionally, the OTID International Program Strategic Plan 2010-2015 outlines cooperation and collaboration with the international community that has similar nuclear legacy management experience and expertise to foster transfer of best science practices being used in the field. (authors)

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Technetium Management Program Plan - 17376

Technetium management is a high-priority activity for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) complex. Waste management and remediation issues involving technetium represent environmental risks and challenges that are unique to DOE. This plan lays out the technology development activities that are underway as well as future technology needs to address technetium issues across DOE EM sites and across programmatic areas of tank waste, groundwater and soils, and facility decommissioning and deactivation in order to be comprehensive and to allow integration of similar activities. The program was developed in close coordination with site representatives and program offices. Activities and needs that were identified share common themes and were grouped into areas of characterization, treatment, and disposition. Characterization includes understanding the inventory at particular locations, the chemical species, and chemical and physical behavior, whether in a treatment process flowsheet or a geological setting that displays periodic contaminant releases. The tools for characterization in these different environments might use the same sensors or protocols. Treatment options include methods to capture technetium such as ion-exchange or manipulation of oxidation states, which also may be applied across program areas. Disposition includes end-points of the processes and environmental risk, including waste form behavior, mobility of technetium once it is treated or remediated, and long-term monitoring. Disposition represents integration of all cleanup actions at a site. (authors)

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A Retrospective Assessment of Correlation between Occupational and Public Radiation Protection Programs Performance Metrics at a FUSRAP Site - 17546

A retrospective assessment of the occupational and environmental radiation protection programs includes the consideration of performance metrics at the qualitative and quantitative level. When key radiation protection (RP) program metrics are tracked over the course of several years, correlations may present themselves. Strong correlations between variables may be considered when establishing or validating baseline RP Program elements (i.e., controls, monitoring regimes, and additional ALARA measures) for the safe excavation and handling of naturally occurring radioactive materials comingled in soil-like wastes at FUSRAP sites. (authors)

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Integrated program for department of energy environmental management office of soil and groundwater remediation - 15426

The subsurface problems that remain at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) sites are technically complex and the costs to complete the cleanup mission are expected to range from $17 billion to $21 billion. There is growing recognition that conventional remedies will not meet regulatory goals at a number of sites and alternative approaches will be required. To address the challenge, the EM Office of Soil and Groundwater Remediation created an integrated program to develop innovative scientific and technical in conjunction with engagement of stakeholders, regulators, and the public. The integrated program provides a holistic approach to assess the risk associated with the remaining challenges facing EM and develop solutions that achieve remediation goals and protect human health and the environment. The integrated program uses a systems-based framework for achieving environmental remediation goals. The framework is based on developing and updating a site conceptual model and includes steps to 1) provide the technical basis for remedial actions, 2) assessments of potential remedies, and 3) implementation and management of remedies to achieve site restoration goals. The Office of Soil and Groundwater remediation defines research and development needed to successfully define and apply the framework. Research opportunities and targets are identified in characterization and conceptual model development, predictions of site conditions, remediation, monitoring, and remediation decision support. Characterization and quantification of key subsurface uncertainties is needed to support conceptual model development, identify contaminant source zones, quantify the flux of contaminants from source terms to points of compliance, and characterize controlling processes for remediation approaches including natural attenuation. Predictive analyses are needed to support development of remediation endpoints, select and design active and in situ or passive remedies, assess remedy performance, and predict long-term contaminant behavior for design of monitoring systems. Advancements are needed to support adaptive remediation approaches and to develop long-term contaminant management strategies for complex sites, such as effective in situ treatment methods for long-lived contaminants ({sup 99}Tc, {sup 129}I, U, Hg, etc.). Monitoring tools and approaches are needed to evaluate remedy performance and plume behavior and decision support methods are needed to quantitatively evaluate remediation alternatives. The Office of Soil and Groundwater Remediation leverages scientific understanding provided through partnerships with the DOE Office of Science, the Department of Defense, and Environmental Protection Agency. These partnerships are helping EM develop scientific understanding and technologies for implementing the assessment framework. (authors)

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Assessment of regulatory support program based on the 10 years joint cooperation between Norway and Russian Federation - 15635

The Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) has been implementing a regulatory support program in the Russian Federation for over 10 years, as part of the Norwegian government's Plan of Action for enhancing nuclear and radiation safety with special focus on nuclear legacy problems in Northwest Russia. During this time there has been cooperation in more than 24 different projects. Significant component of the Plan of Action is to provide support its sister authorities in the Russian Federation, over the years a considerable degree of confidence and mutual trust has been built up among all the relevant organizations, allowing for real progress to be made in meeting protection objectives. The main goal of the regulatory projects is to develop regulatory requirements to ensure protection of personnel, population and environment, during remediation uranium and nuclear legacy sites. Many of the legacy issues originated from the military program. It is therefore vital that the military authority has agreed to be a part of the cooperation program, i.e. Directorate of State Supervision over Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. (authors)

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Canada's Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program - Ten Years of Progress and Achievements - 16456

Nuclear legacy liabilities have resulted from more than 60 years of nuclear research and development carried out on behalf of Canada. The liabilities are located at Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's (AECL) Chalk River Laboratories in Ontario and Whiteshell Laboratories in Manitoba, as well as three shutdown prototype reactors in Ontario and Quebec that are being maintained in a safe storage state. Estimated at about $10.6 billion (B) (current day Canadian dollars), these liabilities consist of disused nuclear facilities and associated infrastructure, a wide variety of buried and stored waste, and contaminated lands. The Government of Canada established the Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program (NLLP) in 2006 to implement a long-term strategy to safely and cost-effectively reduce risks and liabilities, and invested approximately $1.4 B over the 10-year duration of the Program to implement the strategy. Risks and liabilities were reduced through projects and activities that decommissioned and removed out-dated facilities, remediated lands affected by past practices, and improved the management of legacy radioactive waste. The NLLP formally ended in September 2015 when the restructuring of AECL's Nuclear Laboratories was completed, and a Government-owned Contractor-operated (GoCo) management model came into effect. The nuclear decommissioning and waste management work that was previously carried out under the NLLP was transitioned into the new GoCo contract. Over the 10-year duration of the NLLP, the Program achieved good progress in addressing health, safety and environmental priorities, reducing liabilities, and providing the studies, plans and facilities that will be needed to enable subsequent phases of the strategy. The NLLP provided a strong basis for the GoCo contractor to accelerate risk and liability reduction at AECL sites. (authors)

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A perfect amalgam - the combination of company in-house training with an academic online certificate program

A well-trained and qualified workforce is an essential element in the modern day work place of the nuclear industry. For generations, from the guilds of the Middle Age through to the early Industrial Age, people learned their crafts through hands-on training provided at the hands of masters. Today, though there is an ever-pressing need for mentoring in the workplace, the fast-paced environment and lack of time to develop specific in-house training programs can create hindrances to both formal and informal learning in the work place. One way to overcome this gap is through private company and academic collaboration. In 2012, the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) developed a Nuclear Regulatory Commission sponsored Nuclear Criticality Safety Certificate Program. In collaboration with URENCO USA, an online version of the program was also developed to assist the URENCO criticality workforce in the nuclear criticality safety (NCS) qualification process to further their education. This paper looks into the differences between formal and informal learning and how factors, which shape informal learning, are used to compliment formal learning in the work environment. It further discusses how a collaborative relationship between private and academic partners can assist a company in maintaining a high level of expertise, while assisting with a company's goals of fostering, sustaining and strengthening the nuclear safety culture. (authors)

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

Minority Serving Institutions Partnership Program (MSIPP) - 18108

The DOE-EM recognizes that successfully completing its legacy environmental cleanup mission will require maintaining a well-trained, technically skilled, and diverse workforce. Minority representation in critical science and engineering fields is an important part of EM's vision for the future workforce. The Minority Serving Institutions Partnership Program (MSIPP) has been created and designed to increase the numbers of minorities with science and engineering experience in areas important to the success of the DOE-EM mission. MSIPP will provide financial assistance for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) activities at Minority Serving Institutions (MSI) engaged in research and related STEM efforts supporting EM's needs. The program offers research internship opportunities at DOE National Laboratories across the DOE complex. MSIPP also encourages research collaborations between MSI Universities and DOE National Laboratories by funding research in areas relevant to DOE-EM needs. Based on current DOE-EM missions, there are two research focus areas: Tank Waste and Site Restoration. Tank Waste includes priority areas of current DOE tank waste and waste processing approaches, alternative DOE tank waste processing options, and tank management and closure. Site Restoration research concentrates in the areas of Soil and Groundwater with priority areas of attenuation-based remedies for the subsurface, deep vadose zone, remediation of mercury and industrial contaminants, and advanced simulation capability for environmental management; and, in the areas of Deactivation and Decommissioning, with priority areas of unique sensor networks for remote monitoring of entombed facilities and tanks, interactions between radiological and chemical contaminants of concern to DOE and facility materials, incombustible fixatives and decontamination agents, acceptability of DeconGel and various contaminant mixtures and robotics, remote systems with plug-and-play interchangeable components, and models for facility decommissioning. This paper gives an overview of the opportunities available to MSI students and universities and outlines the progress this program has made since its inception, and the path forward to further enhance efforts to create a pipeline into the DOE-EM workforce. (authors)

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