Slot line application to miniature ferrite devices
Slot transmission line applicability to miniature ferrite phase shifter design exploiting elliptically polarized H field existence
Allen, J. L.↗
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Effects of lithium and oxygen losses on magnetic and crystallographic properties of spinel lithium ferrite
Spinel lithium ferrite magnetic and crystallographic properties, considering effects of Li and oxygen losses, sintering temperature and cooling rate
Childress, J. D.↗
Ferrite spinels as catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation of butenes
Cobalt and copper ferrite spinels as catalysts in oxidative dehydrogenation of butenes
Cares, W. R.↗
Batch fabrication process development for ferrite logic conductors
A process for fabricating ultrareliable magnetic ferrite logic circuits is described in which the conductors are formed by a combination of two batch type processes - photolithography and electroplating - and a mechanized writing process for completing conductors in the third dimension. Up to 4 turns, through an aperture 1 mm in diameter, are formed by the described process. The number of joints in the conductors is reduced by use of this process to only those which are required for input, output and power connections of a logic block. To demonstrate feasibility, 8-stage magnetic ring counter circuits have been fabricated.
Heckler, C. H., Jr.↗
Moessbauer spectra of ferrite catalysts used in oxidative dehydrogenation
Room temperature Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to examine bulk changes which occur in low surface area CoFe2O4 and CuFe2O4 catalysts as a result of contact with various mixtures of trans-2-butene and O2 during oxidative dehydrogenation reactions at about 420 C. So long as there was at least some O2 in the gas phase, the CoFe2O4 spectrum was essentially unchanged. However, the spectrum changed from a random spinel in the oxidized state to an inverse spinel as it was reduced by oxide ion removal. The steady state catalyst lies very near the fully oxidized state. More dramatic solid state changes occurred as the CuFe2O4 underwent reduction. Under severe reduction, the ferrite was transformed into Cu and Fe3O4, but it could be reversibly recovered by oxidation. An intense doublet located near zero velocity persisted in all spectra of CuFe2O4 regardless of the state of reduction.
Cares, W. R.↗
Moessbauer studies in zinc-manganese ferrites for use in measuring small velocities and accelerations with great precision
Mossbauer spectroscopy was used for a systematic study of the magnetic behavior of manganese and zinc in mixed ferrites. It was observed that Zn2+ has preference to substitute Mn2+ at interstitial sites where the metal ions are tetrahedrally coordinated with four oxygen neighbors. The internal magnetic hyperfine field at the tetrahedral iron site is larger than that at the octahedral site. The relaxation effects were observed to play an important role as the zinc contents were increased, while the spin-correlation time and the magnetic field were observed to decrease in strength. It is concluded that Mossbauer effect data on complex materials, when used in conjunction with other data, can provide useful insight into the origin of the microscopic properties of magnetic materials.
Escue, W. T.↗
Temperature stabilization of microwave ferrite devices
Thin-film heating element for strip-line circulator is sandwiched between insulation and copper laminations. Disks conform to shape of circulator ferrite disks and are installed between copper-clad epoxy ground planes. Heater design eliminates external cartridges and reduces weight by approximately one-third.
Kaminsky, R.↗
Friction and wear of single-crystal and polycrystalline maganese-zinc ferrite in contact with various metals
Sliding friction experiments were conducted with single-crystal (SCF) and hot-pressed polycrystalline (HPF) manganese-zinc ferrite in contact with various metals. Results indicate that the coefficients of friction for SCF and HPF are related to the relative chemical activity of those metals in high vacuum. The more active the metal, the higher the coefficient of friction. The coefficients of friction for both SCF and HPF were the same and much higher in vacuum than in argon at atmospheric pressure. All the metals tested transferred to the surface of both SCF and HPF in sliding. Both SCF and HPF exhibited cracking and fracture with sliding. Cracking in SCF is dependent on crystallographic characteristics. In HPF, cracking depends on the orientation of the individual crystallites.
Miyoshi, K.↗
Elevated-temperature tensile and creep properties of several ferritic stainless steels
The elevated-temperature mechanical properties of several ferritic stainless steels were determined. The alloys evaluated included Armco 18SR, GE 1541, and NASA-18T-A. Tensile and creep strength properties at 1073 and 1273 K and residual room temperature tensile properties after creep testing were measured. In addition, 1273 K tensile and creep tests and residual property testing were conducted with Armco 18SR and GE 1541 which were exposed for 200 hours to a severe oxidizing environment in automotive thermal reactors. Aside from the residual tensile properties for Armco 18SR, prior exposure did not affect the mechanical properties of either alloy. The 1273 K creep strength parallel to the sheet-rolling direction was similar for all three alloys. At 1073 K, NASA-18T-A had better creep strength than either Armco 18SR or GE 1541. NASA-18T-A possesses better residual properties after creep testing than either Armco 18SR or Ge 1541.
Whittenberger, J. D.↗
Tantalum modified ferritic iron base alloys
Strong ferritic alloys of the Fe-CR-Al type containing 0.4% to 2% tantalum were developed. These alloys have improved fabricability without sacrificing high temperature strength and oxidation resistance in the 800 C (1475 F) to 1040 C (1900 F) range.
Oldrieve, R. E.↗
Friction and morphology of magnetic tapes in sliding contact with nickel-zinc ferrite
Friction and morphological studies were conducted with magnetic tapes containing a Ni-Zn ferrite hemispherical pin in laboratory air at a relative humidity of 40 percent and at 23 C. The results indicate that the binder plays a significant role in the friction properties, morphology, and microstructure of the tape. Comparisons were made with four binders: nitrocellulose; poly (vinyledene) chloride; cellulose acetate; and hydroxyl-terminated, low molecular weight polyester added to the base polymer, polyester-polyurethane. The coefficient of friction was lowest for the tape with the nitrocellulose binder and increased in the order hydroxylterminated, low molecular weight polyester resin; poly (vinyledene) chloride; and cellulose acetate. The degree of enclosure of the oxide particles by the binder was highest for hydroxyl-terminated, low molecular weight polyester and decreased in the order cellulose acetate, poly (vinyledene) chloride, and nitrocellulose. The nature of deformation of the tape was a factor in controlling friction. The coefficient of friction under elastic contact conditions was considerably lower than under conditions that produced plastic contacts.
Miyoshi, K.↗
Effects of wear on structure-sensitive magnetic properties of ceramic ferrite in contact with magnetic tape
Wear experiments and electron microscopy and diffraction studies were conducted to examine the wear and deformed layers in single-crystal Mn-Zn (ceramic) ferrite magnetic head material in contact with magnetic tape and the effects of that contact on magnetic properties. The crystalline state of the single-crystal magnetic head was changed drastically during the sliding process. A nearly amorphous structure was produced on its wear surface. Deformation in the surficial layer of the magnetic head was a critical factor in readback signal loss above 2.5 dB. The signal output level was reduced as applied normal load was increased. Considerable plastic flow occurred on the magnetic tape surface with sliding, and the signal loss due to the tape wear was approximately 1 dB.
Miyoshi, K.↗
Parametric study of power absorption from electromagnetic waves by small ferrite spheres
Algebraic expressions in terms of elementary mathematical functions are derived for power absorption and dissipation by eddy currents and magnetic hysteresis in ferrite spheres. Skin depth is determined by using a variable inner radius in descriptive integral equations. Numerical results are presented for sphere diameters less than one wavelength. A generalized power absorption parameter for both eddy currents and hysteresis is expressed in terms of the independent parameters involving wave frequency, sphere radius, resistivity, and complex permeability. In general, the hysteresis phenomenon has a greater sensitivity to these independent parameters than do eddy currents over the ranges of independent parameters studied herein. Working curves are presented for obtaining power losses from input to the independent parameters.
Englert, Gerald W.↗
Damping and scattering of electromagnetic waves by small ferrite spheres suspended in an insulator
The intentional degradation of electromagnetic waves by their penetration into a media comprised of somewhat sparsely distributed energy absorbing ferrite spheres suspended in an electrical insulator is investigated. Results are presented in terms of generalized parameters involving wave length and sphere size, sphere resistivity, permeability, and spacing; their influence on dissipation of wave power by eddy currents, magnetic hysteresis, and scattering is shown.
Englert, Gerald W.↗
Rate expressions and kinetic parameters for metal ferrites in relation to applications of fossil fuel conversion to hydrogen: Part 1 of 2
Here, the goal of the present work was to provide the necessary reaction emulation information to enable detailed process simulation of a chemical looping H 2 production system from fossil fuels using CaFe 2 O 4 . This specifically pertained to the necessary kinetic data, reaction model development, and model rate parameters required for reaction emulation in both reducing and oxidizing environments. A logical methodology was defined, which included discretization of the reaction network, establishing a core model for reaction emulation that could be adapted based on the system phenomena, and development of a rate parameter regression tool designed around the core model. An extensive array of data sets was acquired by which parametric regressions were performed. The work presented and tabulated a comprehensive set of rate parameters for the reduction and oxidation reactions of CaFe 2 O 4 and descendent phases of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 , FeO, Fe 3 O 4 , Fe, and CaO to emulate reaction behavior in a looping-based process environment. This included direct reduction using CH 4 , H 2 , and CO, and direct oxidation reactions with steam, CO 2 and O 2 . Dynamic equilibrium was quantified for reactions that could utilize H 2 O and CO 2 as soft oxidants to re-saturate lattice oxygen in the depleted structure/phases. The kinetics associated with the oxidative mechanisms with the soft oxidants were quantified and compared to those of the reducing counterparts. The analysis provided critical insight to emulate reactions for a process that seeks to use natural gas (NG) or other fossil fuels as a direct reductant for the end goal of H 2 production.
calcium ferrite oxygen carriers↗
Effect of Al content on steam oxidation behavior for ferritic Fe-21Cr-xAl alloys
Not Available
Materials Science↗
High-resolution characterization of ceramic-metal interface of TiN coating on ferritic-steels for nuclear application
Advanced fuel cladding is critical for fast reactors, offering sufficient thermal conductivity, mechanical and dimensional stability and radiation tolerance of the cladding base material. Additionally, it must provide corrosion resistance and high temperature coolant compatibility on the cladding outer surface, as well as chemical stability on the cladding inner wall against fuel cladding chemical interaction (FCCI). TiN ceramic coating has been considered an effective diffusion barrier for inner and outer cladding-walls for enhanced performance. The TiN-metal interface microstructure and chemistry play a critical role in coating bond strength and integrity under harsh conditions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy characterization of ceramic-metal interface at atomic resolution in unirradiated, irradiated and thermal cycled conditions were performed. The interface remained intact after irradiation up to 200 dpa or thermal cycling five times up to 550 °C. In conclusion, this work discusses the potential impact of these results on coating performance and design for advanced claddings.
36 - MATERIALS SCIENCE↗