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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2011

The features of structure and isomorphic substitutions in flux-synthesized V-containing beryls and V-containing beryllian indialite

An X-ray diffraction study of isostructural V-containing beryl (V-Iz) and V-containing beryllian indialite (V-BI) (the general formula M{sub 2}{sup VI}T2{sub 3}{sup IV}T1{sub 6}{sup IV}O{sub 18}){sup 1} synthesized in the Al{sub 2}Be{sub 3}Si{sub 6}O{sub 18}-Mg,Ca/F,Cl flux system with V{sub 2}O{sub 5} impurity has been performed. It is shown for V-Iz that the isomorphic replacement of some part of Al{sup 3+} in the octahedron with larger V{sup 3+} and Mg{sup 2+} cations and a small fraction of Be{sup 2+} ions with Al{sup 3+} in the interring tetrahedron T2, as well as the introduction of alkaline ions into R voids, leads to an increase in the average bonds lengths in the M position and increases the unit-cell parameter a at an insignificant increase in the parameter c. In V-Bi, the heterovalent replacement of some part of Mg{sup 2+} ions by V{sup 3+} ions, with complex isomorphism in all structural positions, is accompanied by the isovalent Mg{sup 2+} {yields} Fe{sup 2+} scheme. These substitutions cause some decrease in the parameter c of V-Bi with the preservation of its parameter a. It is found that T1 tetrahedra in V-BI are much closer to ideal than in V-Iz, T2 tetrahedra are distorted much more weakly, and M octahedra are distorted somewhat more strongly. However, the degree of distortion of the ring tetrahedron T1 in V-BI reaches 0.9 rel. %. This fact indicates that V-BI and Cr-BI have a similar disposition to congruent melting, which significantly inferior that of 'pure' species.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Search for supersymmetry in a final state containing two photons and missing transverse momentum in ${\sqrt{s}}$ = 13 TeV $pp$ collisions at the LHC using the ATLAS detector

A search has been made for supersymmetry in a final state containing two photons and missing transverse momentum using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search makes use of 3.2fb -1 of proton-proton collision data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2015. Using a combination of data-driven and Monte-Carlo-based approaches, the Standard Model background is estimated to be 0.27$-0.10\atop{+0.22}$ events. No events are observed in the signal region; considering the expected background and its uncertainty, this observation implies a model-independent 95 % CL upper limit of 0.93 fb (3.0 events) on the visible cross section due to physics beyond the Standard Model. In the context of a generalized model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with a bino-like next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle, this leads to a lower limit of 1650 GeV on the mass of a degenerate octet of gluino states, independent of the mass of the lighter bino-like neutralino.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Process for enhanced production of desired hydrocarbons from biologically-derived compounds and bio-oils containing cyclic compounds by opening of aromatics and naphthenic ring-containing compounds

A system and process for processing biologically-derived compounds or a complex bio-oil by converting cyclic compounds in a complex bio-oil or biologically-derived compounds to desired materials such as high molecular weight paraffins with minimal carbon loss by using a ring-contraction catalyst to selectively produce C5 ring containing compounds; and then reacting the C5 ring containing compounds with a C5 ring opening catalyst in a second reactor to minimize carbon loss via cracking reactions.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Containers and refractory metal coating therefore for containing radioactive materials

Fabricating structural components for a spent nuclear fuel container using the steps of forming cylindrical or rectangular channels to produce a structural component for a spent nuclear fuel container and applying a coating that includes tantalum-based material to the cylindrical or rectangular channels.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
NASA NTRS2009

NASA Engineering and Safety Center Technical Bulletin No. 09-05: Self-Contained Oxygen Generator: Effects of Organic Contamination, Briquette Fracturing, Pressure Containment, and Variations in Chemical Composition

A Self-Contained Oxygen Generator (SCOG) produces breathable oxygen (O 2 ) by using chemically-reactive briquettes that begin producing O 2 when mechanically ignited. Contamination with organic material of, or manufacturing defects in, the briquettes have been shown to lead to conditions that can cause an explosive failure

Self Contained Oxygen Generator↗
DOE OSTI2020

Recent Advances in the Understanding of Boron-Containing Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alkanes to Olefins

The production of ethylene and propylene through aerobic alkane oxidation without significant coproduction of CO and CO 2 (CO x ) presents a challenge to academic and industrial researchers alike. Recently, boron-containing materials such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have been identified as active and selective catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane to propylene with minimal CO x selectivity. Additionally, high olefin selectivity is also obtained in the oxidation of other alkanes and other materials such as metal borides and supported B/SiO 2 have been successfully applied to this transformation. Here, recent advances in the understanding of these catalysts in the oxidation of light alkanes are presented here providing a framework for further study of this exciting field.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2015

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-containing 9Cr ODS ferritic alloy

In this study, a 9Cr oxide-dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy with additional corrosion resistant element Al was fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA) and hot pressing (HP) to explore the impact of Al on the microstructure and mechanical property of a 9Cr ODS alloy. It is found that the Al completely dissolved into the FeeCr matrix after milling for 30 h. The minor phases in the Al-containing 9Cr ODS ferritic alloy were investigated by a high-energy X-ray, and were identified to be orthorhombic-YAlO3 (YAP), bcc-Y3Al5O12 (YAG), monoclinic-Al2Y4O9 (YAM), and hexagonal-YAlO3 (YAH). These phases were further confirmed by selected area diffraction pattern (SADP), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). In addition, their volume fractions were also calculated from the integrated intensities. According to the analysis of the particles and their formation sequences, the larger particles (greater than 100 nm) are identified as mainly YAG and Al2O3 particles, while the particles with small size (less than 30 nm) are likely primarily YAM, YAH, and YAP particles. The yielding strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) at RT are 563 MPa and 744 MPa, respectively, while the YS and UTS at 700 C are 245 MPa and 276 MPa, respectively. Although the addition Al in ODS alloys decreases the strength at RT, the values at high temperature are similar to those obtained for 9Cr ODS alloys strengthened by fine YeTieO particles.

Microstructure↗
DOE OSTI2014

Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese (II) silicate containing frustrated S=5/2 zig–zag ladders

The hydrothermal synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese silicate with ideal formula of NaMn{sub 2}Si{sub 3}O{sub 8}(OH) is reported. This compound is a synthetic analog to the naturally occurring mineral Serandite. The crystal structure comprises MnO{sub 6} octahedra and SiO{sub 4} tetrahedra. The MnO{sub 6} share four edges with neighboring octahedra forming double chains. These chains are connected by silicate chains Si{sub 3}O{sub 8}(OH) resulting in an open framework structure with six-member ring channels where sodium ions are located. From the magnetic point of view, the intra-chain exchange between neighboring S=5/2 manganese ions is weak, partly due to the distortion observed in the octahedra, but also due to the frustrated topology of the chain. A successful fitting of the magnetic susceptibility was obtained by considering a double chain numerical model with Monte Carlo derived empirical parameters. -- Graphical abstract: A manganese silicate prepared hydrothermally with formula NaMn{sub 2}Si{sub 3}O{sub 8}(OH) possessing the structure of the mineral Serandite contains doubled chains of edge-sharing MnO{sub 6} octahedra. The magnetic susceptibility was measured and shows an antiferromagnetic behavior. Highlights: • Characterization of a synthetic analog to the mineral Serandite: NaMn{sub 2}Si{sub 3}O{sub 8}(OH). • Fitting of the magnetic susceptibility considering a classical regular chain. • Weak metal–oxygen–metal super-exchange interactions; antiferromagnetic in nature. • Elevated degree of frustration along the chain, without sign of interchain ordering.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2014

Electrochromic performance of nanocomposite nickel oxide counter electrodes containing lithium and zirconium

Nickel oxide materials are suitable for counter electrodes in complementary electrochromic devices. The state-of-the-art nickel oxide counter electrode materials are typically prepared with multiple additives to enhance peformance. Herein, nanocomposite nickel oxide counter electrodes were fabricated via RF magnetron co-sputtering from Ni-Zr alloy and Li2O ceramic targets. The as-deposited nanocomposite counter electrodes were characterized with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). It was found that the stoichiometry, crystal structure and electronic structure of the nickel oxide-based materials could be readily tuned by varying the Li2O sputter deposition power level. Comprehensive electrochromic evaluation demonstrated that the performance of the nickel oxide-based materials was dependent on the overall Li stoichiometry. Overall, the nanocomposite nickel oxide counter electrode containing lithium and zirconium synthesized with a Li2O deposition power of 45 W exhibited the optimal performance with an optical modulation of 71% and coloration efficiency of 30 cm2/C at 670 nm in Li-ion electrolyte.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Silver-Containing α-MnO 2 Nanorods: Electrochemistry in Na-Based Battery Systems

Manganese oxides are considered attractive cathode materials for rechargeable batteries due to the high abundance and environmental friendliness of manganese. In particular, cryptomelane and hollandite are desirable due to their ability to host cations within their octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) Alpha-MnO 2 structure. In this work, we investigate silver containing Alpha-MnO 2 structured materials (Ag x Mn 8 O 16 , x = 1.22, L-Ag-OMS-2 or 1.66, H-Ag-OMS-2) as host materials for Li ion and Na ion insertion/de-insertion. The results indicate a significant difference in the lithiation versus sodiation process the OMS-2 materials. Initial reduction of Ag 1.22 Mn 8 O 16 to 1.0 V delivered ~370 mAh/g. Cycling of Ag1.22Mn8O16 between voltage ranges of 3.8 - 1.7 V and 3.8 - 1.3 V in a Na battery delivered initial capacities of 113 and 247 mAh/g, respectively. In contrast, Ag1.66Mn8O16 delivered only 15 mAh/g, ~0.5 electron equivalents, to 1.7 and 1.3 volts. Study of the system by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a significant decrease in charge transfer resistance from 2029 Omega to 594 Omega after 1.5 electron equivalents per Ag 1.22 Mn 8 O 16 formula unit of Na ion insertion. In contrast, both Ag 1.22 Mn 8 O 16 and Ag 1.66 Mn 8 O 16 exhibited gradual impedance increases during lithiation. The formation of silver metal could be detected only in the sodiated material by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thus, the impedance of Ag-OMS-2 decreases upon sodiation coincident with the formation of silver metal during the discharge process, consistent with the more favorable formation of silver metal during the sodiation process relative to the lithation process.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗