Design of a 25 ampere-hour, heat-sterilizable, high-impact, silver-zinc cell
High impact Ag-Zn cell design for space missions instrument package landing, considering heat sterilization and minimum operational capability
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High impact Ag-Zn cell design for space missions instrument package landing, considering heat sterilization and minimum operational capability
Performance tests of nickel cadmium batteries for evaluation of storage methods
Acceptance test for nickel-cadmium cells with cobalt additive
Acceptance tests including capacity, cell short, high vacuum leak, overcharge, and internal resistance of nickel-cadmium secondary cells with nickel braze ceramic seals for spacecraft
Acceptance tests of nickel cadmium spacecraft cells with auxiliary electrodes for charge control
Evaluation of sealed nickel cadmium cells, with auxiliary electrodes, operating in synchronous orbit regime
measurement of temperature distribution in operating nickel-cadmium electric batteries
The design of a three-phase, 400-Hz, 15-kVA static inverter for motor-starting the 2- to 15-kWe Brayton electrical space power system is described. The inverter operates from a nominal 56-V dc source to provide a 28-V, rms, quasi-square-wave output. The inverter is capable of supplying a 200-A peak current. Integrated circuitry is used to generate the three-phase, 400-Hz reference signals. Performance data for a drive stage that improves switching speed and provides efficient operation over a range of output current and drive supply voltage are presented. A transformerless, transistor output stage is used.
Results are presented of acceptance tests conducted on eleven nickel cadmium batteries of the Nimbus satellite type.
Twenty-five cells were used in a five-year test to compare, after each successive one-year storage period, the discharge and charge characteristics of charged cells on open circuit versus that of cells on continuous trickle charge. The test procedure, instrumentation, and results are described. Based on the test results, the following recommendations were made: (1) If the user's purpose will allow a rejuvenation cycle or two after a long storage period, the open circuit regime will likely give slightly greater capacity. (2) If the user's purpose demands immediately available power following a long storage period, the trickle charge method of storage is definitely the regime to use.
A prototype silver zinc cell is reported for which the electrolyte is being stored in a separate tank; the cell is being activated when additional power is required by collapsing the neoprene bellows container and thus forcing the electrolyte into cell through a plastic connection. A solar array is proposed as main power source for the flow actuator.
Up-down counter records charge as well as discharge in tests of rechargeable batteries. System uses reversible counter preset to represent 100% charge. As battery discharges, total count decreases; as battery is recharged, counter moves back to 100% indication.
The capacity of the cells ranged from 3.58 to 3.97 amperehours during the three capacity tests. Three cells were removed from test, due to high pressure, during the C/10, 24-hour charge at room ambient temperature. The voltage requirement of 1.480 volts was exceeded by the cells during the C/10, 24-hour charge at 20 C, although the end-of-charge voltage was below this value (1.466-1.475 volts). Average capacity out during the 20 C charge efficiency test was 0.84 AH which represents 48% and is below the minimum requirement of 55%. The cells exhibited no pressure decay during the open-circuit stand portion of the pressure versus capacity test, as all cells reached their voltage limit (1.550 volts) before their pressure reached 20 psia with the highest pressure being 8 psia during charge.
Cells use potassium hydroxide electrolyte and are hermetically sealed in stainless steel casings. Each cell provides 1.56 volts and has a minimum operating life of 17,000 hours and a maximum of approximately 48,000 hours.
Evaluation tests are reported for 20 cells to be put into the life cycle program. Leak, capacity, internal resistance, internal short, and overcharge tests are described.
For abstract, see N75-14266.
A feasibility study was conducted on the design and construction of a flight-worthy replaceable battery module consisting of four 100 A.H. nickel-cadmium rechargeable cells for large manned space vehicles. The module is planned to weigh less than 43 pounds and be fully maintainable in a zero-g environment by one man without use of special tools. An active environmental control system was designed for the temperature control of the module.
An evaluation test program was conducted to insure that all cells put into the life cycle program are of high quality by the screening of cells found to have electrolyte leakage, internal shorts, low capacity, or inability of any cell to recover its open-circuit voltage above 1.150 volts during the internal short test. Tests and results are described.