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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Laser refrigeration of optically levitated sodium yttrium fluoride nanocrystals

Solid state laser refrigeration can cool optically levitated nanocrystals in an optical dipole trap, allowing for internal temperature control by mitigating photothermal heating. This work demonstrates cooling of ytterbium-doped cubic sodium yttrium fluoride nanocrystals to 252 K on average with the most effective crystal cooling to 241 K. The amount of cooling increases linearly with the intensity of the cooling laser and is dependent on the pressure of the gas surrounding the nanocrystal. Furthermore, cooling optically levitated nanocrystals allows for crystals prone to heating to be studied at lower pressures than currently achievable and for temperature control and stabilization of trapped nanocrystals

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

SCHOTT laser glass [Invited]

Laser glass is a highly engineered optical material that enables the amplification of light in laser systems. It is known for being the heart of the largest laser facilities ever built, where thousands of neodymium-doped meter-sized slabs of laser glass create intense beams of near-infrared laser radiation used to study fusion reactions. Or if doped with ytterbium and erbium, laser glass can be made into millimeter-sized components empowering range-finders and dermatological lasers. Decades of development have poised laser glass for the next challenge on the horizon: amplifying light for sustainable inertial fusion energy power plants.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

High repetition-rate pulse shaping of a spectrally broadened Yb femtosecond laser

We demonstrate compression and shaping of few cycle pulses from a high average power ytterbium laser system. The pulses from a commercial 20 W, 100 kHz Yb laser system are spectrally broadened in two-stages using cascaded, gas-filled, stretched hollow-core fibers and then compressed and shaped in an acousto-optic modulator-based pulse-shaper. The pulse-shaper allows for compression, characterization, and shaping all in one system, producing ∼10 fs pulses with 30 μ J of energy.

Codere, Julia↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ba2YbSbO6 by Materials Project

Yb(BaO3)2Sb is High-temperature superconductor-derived structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four antimony molecules, four ytterbium molecules, and one BaO3 framework. In the BaO3 framework, Ba2+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form corner-sharing BaO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Ba–O bond lengths are 2.33 Å. O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent Ba2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on KYb3O6 by Materials Project

YbKYb2O4O2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four water molecules; two ytterbium molecules; and one KYb2O4 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In the KYb2O4 sheet, K is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four equivalent O atoms. All K–O bond lengths are 2.64 Å. Yb is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent O atoms. Both Yb–O bond lengths are 2.00 Å. O is bonded in a linear geometry to one K and one Yb atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Rb(YbS2)3 by Materials Project

YbRb(YbS2)2(S)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four hydrogen sulfide molecules; two ytterbium molecules; and one Rb(YbS2)2 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In the Rb(YbS2)2 sheet, Rb1+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent S+1.33- atoms. All Rb–S bond lengths are 3.29 Å. Yb+2.33+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent S+1.33- atoms. Both Yb–S bond lengths are 2.62 Å. S+1.33- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Rb1+, one Yb+2.33+, and one S+1.33- atom. The S–S bond length is 2.10 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Yb3Ni19B10 by Materials Project

Yb3Ni19B10 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two ytterbium molecules and one Yb2Ni19B10 framework. In the Yb2Ni19B10 framework, Yb2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to six B3- atoms. There are a spread of Yb–B bond distances ranging from 2.78–2.91 Å. There are seven inequivalent Ni+1.26+ sites. In the first Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four B3- atoms. There are two shorter (2.03 Å) and two longer (2.12 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. In the second Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four B3- atoms. There are two shorter (2.06 Å) and two longer (2.30 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. In the third Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four B3- atoms. There are two shorter (2.02 Å) and two longer (2.11 Å) Ni–B bond lengths. In the fourth Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent B3- atoms. All Ni–B bond lengths are 2.25 Å. In the fifth Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded to four B3- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing NiB4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Ni–B bond distances ranging from 2.07–2.12 Å. In the sixth Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three B3- atoms. There are a spread of Ni–B bond distances ranging from 2.05–2.14 Å. In the seventh Ni+1.26+ site, Ni+1.26+ is bonded to four B3- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing NiB4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Ni–B bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.33 Å. There are three inequivalent B3- sites. In the first B3- site, B3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to one Yb2+ and eight Ni+1.26+ atoms. In the second B3- site, B3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to one Yb2+, seven Ni+1.26+, and one B3- atom. The B–B bond length is 1.82 Å. In the third B3- site, B3- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Yb2+, six Ni+1.26+, and one B3- atom. The B–B bond length is 2.01 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Yb11(Mn2C3)6 by Materials Project

Yb(Yb5(Mn2C3)3)2 crystallizes in the cubic I-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two ytterbium molecules and one Yb5(Mn2C3)3 framework. In the Yb5(Mn2C3)3 framework, there are two inequivalent Yb+2.91+ sites. In the first Yb+2.91+ site, Yb+2.91+ is bonded to six equivalent C+3.11- atoms to form distorted YbC6 pentagonal pyramids that share corners with six equivalent YbC6 pentagonal pyramids and edges with six equivalent YbC8 hexagonal bipyramids. There are three shorter (2.58 Å) and three longer (2.66 Å) Yb–C bond lengths. In the second Yb+2.91+ site, Yb+2.91+ is bonded to eight C+3.11- atoms to form distorted YbC8 hexagonal bipyramids that share edges with two equivalent YbC8 hexagonal bipyramids, edges with four equivalent YbC6 pentagonal pyramids, and faces with four equivalent YbC8 hexagonal bipyramids. There are four shorter (2.55 Å) and four longer (2.63 Å) Yb–C bond lengths. Mn2+ is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three C+3.11- atoms. There is two shorter (1.82 Å) and one longer (2.06 Å) Mn–C bond length. There are two inequivalent C+3.11- sites. In the first C+3.11- site, C+3.11- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Yb+2.91+, two equivalent Mn2+, and one C+3.11- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.36 Å. In the second C+3.11- site, C+3.11- is bonded to four Yb+2.91+ and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing CYb4Mn2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–71°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Yb(Sb3Os)4 by Materials Project

YbOs4Sb12 is Upper Bainite-derived structured and crystallizes in the cubic Im-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two ytterbium molecules and one OsSb3 framework. In the OsSb3 framework, Os2- is bonded to six equivalent Sb+0.50+ atoms to form corner-sharing OsSb6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 54°. All Os–Sb bond lengths are 2.65 Å. Sb+0.50+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Os2- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Yb2Te3 by Materials Project

(YbTe)2Te crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one tellurium molecule and two ytterbium telluride molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Yb3H by Materials Project

(Yb)6H2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two hydrogen molecules and six ytterbium molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1975

A study of the oxide dispersion and recrystallization in NiCrAl prepared from preoxidized powder

The sintered aluminum powder (SAP) technique of dispersion strengthening (formation of an oxide dispersion by preoxidation of metal powders) was applied to atomized powder of a nickel alloy containing, by weight, 17% Cr, 5% Al, and 0.2% Y. The SAP-NiCrAl alloy (without the ytterbium removed by oxdation) was worked by extrusion and rod rolling at 1205 C and by swaging at 760 C. Annealing treatments were applied after working to determine the recrystallization response. The NiCrAlY alloy, similarly prepared from atomized powder, but without a preoxidation treatment, was examined for comparison. The SAP-NiCrAl alloy exhibited oxide particle size and spacing much larger than that usually observed in oxide dispersion strengthened alloys; nonetheless, it was possible to achieve abnormal (secondary) recrystallization in the SAP-NiCrAl alloy as has been reported for other oxide dispersion strengthened alloys. In contrast, the unoxidized NiCrAlY alloy exhibited only primary recrystallization.

Glasgow, T. K.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Advanced Thermal-Barrier Bond Coatings for Alloys

New and improved bond coatings developed for use in thermal-barrier systems on Ni, Co-, and Fe-base alloy substrates. Use of these new bond coatings, containing ytterbium instead of yttrium, significantly increased lives of resultant thermal-barrier systems. Uses include many load-bearing applications in high-temperature, hostile environments.

Secura, Stephen↗
NASA NTRS2001

Rare-Earth Oxide (Yb2O3) Selective Emitter Fabrication and Evaluation

This investigation involved the fabrication and evaluation of rare-earth oxide selective emitters. The first goal of this study was to successfully fabricate the selective emitter samples using paper and ceramic materials processing techniques. The resulting microstructure was also analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope. All selective emitter samples fabricated for this study were made with ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3). The second goal of this study involved the measurement of the spectral emission and the radiated power of all the selective emitter samples. The final goal of this study involved the direct comparison of the radiated power emitted by the selective emitter samples to that of a standard blackbody at the same temperature and within the same wavelength range.

Jennette, Bryan↗
NASA NTRS1999

Portable fiber-coupled diode-laser-based sensor for multiple trace gas detection

Tunable narrowband mid-infrared radiation from 3.25 to 4.4 micrometers is generated by a compact fiber-coupled, difference-frequency-based spectroscopic source. A 20-mW external cavity diode laser (with a tuning range from 814 to 870 nm) and a 50-mW distributed-Bragg-reflector diode-laser-seeded ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier operating at 1083 nm are difference-frequency mixed in a multi-grating, temperature-controlled periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal. A conversion efficiency of 0.44 mW/(W2cm) (corresponding to a power of approximately equal to 3 microW at 3.3 micrometers) represents the highest conversion efficiency reported for a portable device. Performance characteristics of such a sensor and its application to spectroscopic detection of CO2, N2O, H2CO, HCl, NO2, and CH4 will be reported in this work.

Non-NASA Center↗
NASA NTRS2005

Fiber lasers and amplifiers for science and exploration at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

We discuss present and near-term uses for high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers for NASA- specific applications including planetary topography and atmospheric spectroscopy. Fiber lasers and amplifiers offer numerous advantages for both near-term and future deployment of instruments on exploration and science remote sensing orbiting satellites. Ground-based and airborne systems provide an evolutionary path to space and a means for calibration and verification of space-borne systems. We present experimental progress on both the fiber transmitters and instrument prototypes for ongoing development efforts. These near-infrared instruments are laser sounders and lidars for measuring atmospheric carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor and methane and a pseudo-noise (PN) code laser ranging system. The associated fiber transmitters include high-power erbium, ytterbium, neodymium and Raman fiber amplifiers. In addition, we will discuss near-term fiber laser and amplifier requirements and programs for NASA free space optical communications, planetary topography and atmospheric spectroscopy.

Krainak, Michael A.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Niobium-aluminum base alloys having improved, high temperature oxidation resistance

A niobium-aluminum base alloy having improved oxidation resistance at high temperatures and consisting essentially of 48%-52% niobium, 36%-42% aluminum, 4%-10% chromium, 0%-2%, more preferably 1%-2%, silicon and/or tungsten with tungsten being preferred, and 0.1%-2.0% of a rare earth selected from the group consisting of yttrium, ytterbium and erbium. Parabolic oxidation rates, k.sub.p, at 1200.degree. C. range from about 0.006 to 0.032 (mg/cm.sup.2).sup.2 /hr. The new alloys also exhibit excellent cyclic oxidation resistance.

Hebsur, Mohan G.↗
NASA NTRS2008

Direct-detection Free-space Laser Transceiver Test-bed

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is developing a direct-detection free-space laser communications transceiver test bed. The laser transmitter is a master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration using a 1060 nm wavelength laser-diode with a two-stage multi-watt Ytterbium fiber amplifier. Dual Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulators provide an extinction ratio greater than 40 dB. The MOPA design delivered 10-W average power with low-duty-cycle PPM waveforms and achieved 1.7 kW peak power. We use pulse-position modulation format with a pseudo-noise code header to assist clock recovery and frame boundary identification. We are examining the use of low-density-parity-check (LDPC) codes for forward error correction. Our receiver uses an InGaAsP 1 mm diameter photocathode hybrid photomultiplier tube (HPMT) cooled with a thermo-electric cooler. The HPMT has 25% single-photon detection efficiency at 1064 nm wavelength with a dark count rate of 60,000/s at -22 degrees Celsius and a single-photon impulse response of 0.9 ns. We report on progress toward demonstrating a combined laser communications and ranging field experiment.

Krainak, Michael A.↗