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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Groundwater Remediation with Pump-and-Treat Technology

Pump-and-treat (P&T) is a widely used remediation technology that involves pumping groundwater from extraction wells in the subsurface, removing contaminants of concern from the groundwater in an aboveground treatment system, reintroducing treated water into the environment – often by injection back into the groundwater aquifer or by discharge to the surface–, and groundwater monitoring to evaluate performance. In this chapter we explore how the Hanford Site uses the P&T remediation approach to treat contaminated groundwater. Six P&T facilities currently operate at the Hanford Site; however, this chapter uses the 100 Area DX and HX P&T facilities' treatment of hexavalent chromium as a case study to discuss this remediation approach. Located in the River Corridor, HX and DX P&T facilities are much closer to reaching closure than the younger 200W P&T facility located in the Central Plateau’s 200W Area. As such, one can follow the historical design, operation, and optimization steps that have led these facilities closer to closure.

Saslow, Sarah A.↗
DOE OSTI2021

2017 Meander C and O floodplain groundwater chemistry from the East River, Colorado

This dataset includes groundwater geochemistry data from floodplain piezometers collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of hyporheic exchange and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Floodplain piezometers in the Pumphouse vicinity (Meander C: MCP, MCB; Meander O: MOP) were sampled on daily to weekly time scales during summer-fall 2017. Data includes in-field measurements (pH, electrical conductivity [EC], oxidation reduction potential [ORP], dissolved oxygen [DO], Fe(II), and groundwater level) along with laboratory measurements (dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC], dissolved organic carbon [DOC], metals and major cations, anions [chloride, sulfate, nitrate], and dissolved ammonium). The chemistry data is contained in a csv file, sampling protocol in a pdf document, and sample locations in both a kmz file which can be opened in Google Earth and a csv file.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Organic matter concentration and composition of experimentally burned open air and muffle furnace vegetation chars across differing burn severity and feedstock types from Pacific Northwest, USA (v4).

This dataset represents results from an experimental study designed to compare how the chemical composition of organic matter changes across different burn conditions and feedstock materials. The dataset provides both solid and dissolved phase bulk concentration and organic matter characterization data from experimentally generated chars. Chars were created in a closed muffle furnace or on an open burn table from four different feedstock species representing vegetation commonly impacted by fire regimes across the Pacific Northwest, USA. This data can be used to compare how different burn conditions may influence resultant organic matter chemistry and help further our understanding of potential biogeochemical impacts on river corridors post-fire. This dataset is comprised of one data package readme, one data dictionary (dd), one file level metadata (flmd), fourteen burn table videos, burn table video metadata and three folders containing (A) data; (B) metadata and protocols; and (C) photos. The folder names and the file name of the data package readme include a version number which will be updated with future iterations of this data package. The data folder includes (1) solid carbon and solid nitrogen; (2) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TN); (3) pH; (4) thermocouple time series temperature; (5) methods codes; (6) installation methods; (7) excitation emissions matrix (EEM) methods information; (8) a folder of excitation emissions matrix (EEM) fluorescence and absorbance spectra in dissolved organic matter and EEMs processing instructions; (9) solid state carbon-13 and solution state phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (13-C NMR and 31-P NMR) data and methods; (10) benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) concentration and stable isotope data; (11) FTICR-MS methods; (12) Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) data for total calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, and sulfur along with sodium hydroxide-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (sodium hydroxide-EDTA) extractable calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, phosphorus, and sulfur; (13) a folder of phosphorus, carbon, and nitrogen X-ray absorption near edge structure (P-XANES, N-XANES, C-XANES) data for samples and standards; (14) P-XANES, N-XANES, C-XANES methods; (15) molybdate reactive phosphorus; and (16) folder of high resolution characterization of organic matter via 21 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) generated through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory). The FTICR folder contains .txt data files and a subfolder containing instruments for using Formularity (https://omics.pnl.gov/software/formularity) and an R script to process the data based on the user's specific needs. The metadata and protocols folder includes (1) international geo-sample number (IGSN) mapping file (2) burn and laboratory metadata; (3) burn protocol; (4) laboratory protocol; (5) vegetation collection metadata; and (6) vegetation collection protocol. The folder contains photos of the solid chars. All files are .csv, .txt, .pdf, .jpg, .jpeg, .R, .ref, or .mp4. The data package was originally published October 2022 (v1). It was updated April 2023 (v2; new data files), September 2023 (v3; new and corrected data files), and September 2024 (v4; new and added/updated files). Metadata files were also updated to reflect these changes. See the change history section in the readme for more details.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

2016 Floodplain Geochemistry from the East River Watershed, Colorado

This dataset includes groundwater geochemistry data from floodplain piezometers collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of hyporheic exchange and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Floodplain piezometers installed in several meanders (Meander C, Meander D, and Meander O) in the vicinity of the Pumphouse were sampled at several dates in 2016. Data includes in-field measurements (pH, electrical conductivity, oxidation reduction potential, dissolved oxygen, dissolved Fe(II), dissolved sulfide, and groundwater level) along with laboratory measurements (dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, metals and major cations). Five files are included in this dataset, including: sample locations and depths in a csv file (metadata.csv), aqueous geochemistry data in a csv file, analytical detection limits in a csv file, a file-level metadata (flmd.csv) file, and a data dictionary (dd.csv) file. Data that was below the detection limit is reported as one half of the detection limit and missing data is listed as "-9999".

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Manuscript Workflows from and Processed Organic Matter Composition of Experimentally Burned Open Air and Muffle Furnace Vegetation Chars across Differing Burn Severity and Feedstock Types from Pacific Northwest, USA (v3)

This dataset includes processed organic matter chemistry data from an experimental study designed to compare how the chemical composition of organic matter changes across different burn conditions and vegetation materials representative of major land cover types of the Pacific Northwest, USA. Chars were created in a closed muffle furnace or on an open burn table from four different feedstock species representing vegetation commonly impacted by fire regimes across the Pacific Northwest, USA. Source data and associated metadata (including methods and geospatial information) can be found at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/1894135 (Grieger et al. 2022). This dataset provides processing scripts and processed data for both solid and dissolved phase organic matter characterization data from experimentally generated chars. These processed data can be used to compare how different burn conditions may influence resultant organic matter chemistry and help further our understanding of potential biogeochemical impacts on river corridors post-fire. The processed data were subsequently analyzed; and the results and ecological implications of the findings were published in peer-reviewed manuscripts. The scripts and workflows used to develop the manuscripts are also included in this data package.This data package was originally published June 2024. It was updated September 2024 (new and modified files) and in January 2025 (modified files). See the change history section in the readme for more details.This dataset is comprised of one data package readme, one data dictionary (dd), one file level metadata (flmd), and folders containing (A) processed data; (B) general processing scripts; and (C) additional folders with specific manuscript analysis scripts and processed data. Step-by-step instructions to assist the user in recreating the workflow used to generate the results in the manuscripts is also provided. The processed data folder includes (1) a folder of processed Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) and spectra indices outputs from excitation emissions matrix (EEM) fluorescence and absorbance data; (2) a folder of processed solid state carbon-13 (13-C NMR) integrals; (3) folder of high resolution characterization of organic matter via 21 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) generated through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory) processed data outputs from Formultitude (https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/Formultitude), blank corrections and data aggregation, and calculated molecular indices. All files are .pdf, .csv, .html, .Rmd, .R, or .RData.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Mineralogy of floodplain sediments from Meanders C, O, and Z in the East River Watershed, CO, USA

This dataset includes bulk X-ray diffraction data from floodplain sediments collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of biogeochemical cycling and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Sediment cores were collected from Meander C, Meander O, and Meander Z in July 2016 to September 2017 to depths of approximately 40-95 cm. Sample metadata including locations, depths, and sample dates are included in a csv file ("sample_list_and_locations.csv"). The file "diffraction_data.csv" contains raw diffraction data, and mineral quantification is in the file "mineral_abundance.csv". This dataset also includes a file-level metadata (flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata and a data dictionary (dd.csv) file that contains column/row headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Surface water and groundwater FTICR-MS, NPOC, and TN from nine wetlands and three upland wells at the Tanglewood Biological Station, Alabama

This dataset supports a broader study examining wetland hydrobiogeochemical responses to flood disturbance and the subsequent impacts on watershed nutrient export. The study was designed following ICON (integrated, coordinated, open, and networked) principles. Samples were collected from nine wetlands and three upland wells at the Tanglewood Biological Station, Alabama in August 2024 and February 2025, during the dry and wet season, respectively. The contents include geochemistry (dissolved organic carbon measured as non-purgeable organic carbon; total dissolved nitrogen) and organic matter characterization (FTICR-MS). Related water level data from the same locations can be found at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/2530253. Additional geochemistry will be published in a separate data package. For details on how to navigate this data package, see this infographic from the River Corridor SFA https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA/About. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes all column/row headers and variable definitions.This dataset is comprised of (1) a folder containing environmental context photos; (2) file-level metadata; (3) data dictionary; (4) field metadata; (5) readme; (6) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file; (7) the field protocol; and (8) a subfolder with sample data. The sample data subfolder contains (1) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) data and averages; (2) total nitrogen data and averages; (3) methods codes; and (4) a subfolder of 12 Tesla (12T) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) data. All files are .csv, .pdf, .jpeg, or .jpg.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

AmeriFlux US-LS1 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Sacaton Grassland

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS1 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Sacaton Grassland. Site Description - This is a riparian grassland located along an old alluvial terrace along the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona. Site climate is semiarid with monsoonal (Jul-Sep) rainfall. The grasses access groundwater (depth of 2-4 m)from an alluvial aquifer recharged elsewhere. Site water balance is not closed and ET greatly exceeds precipitation. The perennial bunchgrasses use both rainfall, groundwater and occasional flood water. This groundwater-using ecosystem is far more ebulliant and productive than the upland vegetation around it (shrublands and grasslands) outside of the San Pedro River corridor.

Scott, Russell↗
DOE OSTI2020

AmeriFlux US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna. Site Description - A riparian savanna located on an old alluvial terrace about 0.5 km from the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona USA. Site climate is semiarid with monsoonal (Jul-Sep) rainfall. The trees access groundwater (depth of ~7 m)from an alluvial aquifer recharged elsewhere. Therefore, site water balance is not closed and ET greatly exceeds precipitation. The perennial bunchgrasses use primarily rainfall. This groundwater-using ecosystem is far more ebulliant and productive than the upland vegetation around it (shrublands and grasslands) outside of the San Pedro River corridor.

Scott, Russell↗
DOE OSTI2023

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - A riparian savanna located on an old alluvial terrace about 0.5 km from the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona USA. Site climate is semiarid with monsoonal (Jul-Sep) rainfall. The trees access groundwater (depth of ~7 m)from an alluvial aquifer recharged elsewhere. Therefore, site water balance is not closed and ET greatly exceeds precipitation. The perennial bunchgrasses use primarily rainfall. This groundwater-using ecosystem is far more ebulliant and productive than the upland vegetation around it (shrublands and grasslands) outside of the San Pedro River corridor.

Scott, Russell↗
DOE OSTI2026

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-LS1 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Sacaton Grassland

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS1 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Sacaton Grassland. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-LS1 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Sacaton Grassland produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This is a riparian grassland located along an old alluvial terrace along the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona. Site climate is semiarid with monsoonal (Jul-Sep) rainfall. The grasses access groundwater (depth of 2-4 m)from an alluvial aquifer recharged elsewhere. Site water balance is not closed and ET greatly exceeds precipitation. The perennial bunchgrasses use both rainfall, groundwater and occasional flood water. This groundwater-using ecosystem is far more ebulliant and productive than the upland vegetation around it (shrublands and grasslands) outside of the San Pedro River corridor.

Scott, Russell [USDA-ARS]↗
DOE OSTI2022

Hanford Site Revegetation Monitoring Report for Fiscal Year 2022

This report describes the monitoring of areas revegetated by various contractors on the Hanford Site. Revegetation sites include those revegetated by the River Corridor Closure Contractor and CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company that were transitioned to Mission Support Alliance (MSA) in 2017. These sites, along with sites revegetated by MSA between 2017 and 2020, were transitioned to Hanford Mission Integration Solutions (HMIS) in 2021. HMIS performs revegetation monitoring activities for these transitioned sites and for sites revegetated by HMIS and other contractors in subsequent years to determine revegetation site success. This report contains data collected in 2022 documenting the recovery of revegetation areas associated with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 cleanup of National Priorities List waste sites and restoration of lands disturbed by ongoing mission activities at the Hanford Site in Richland, Washington. It contains vegetation monitoring data for 53 sites selected to be representative sites for areas planted between the years of fiscal year (FY) 2007 and FY 2022.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Hanford Site Revegetation Monitoring Report for Fiscal Year 2021

This report describes the monitoring of areas revegetated by the River Corridor Closure Contractor (RCCC) and CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) that were transitioned to Mission Support Alliance (MSA) in 2017. These sites, along with sites revegetated by MSA between 2017 and 2020, were transitioned to Hanford Mission Integration Solutions (HMIS) in 2021. Site monitoring is a continuance of efforts performed by the RCCC from fiscal year (FY) 2007 through FY 2020. This report contains data collected in 2021 documenting the recovery of revegetation areas associated with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 cleanup of National Priorities List waste sites and restoration of lands disturbed by ongoing Site mission activities at the Hanford Site in Richland, Washington. It contains vegetation monitoring data for 52 sites selected to be representative sites for areas planted between the years of FY 2007 and FY 2021.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Hanford Site Revegetation Monitoring Report for Fiscal Year 2020

This report describes the monitoring of areas revegetated by the River Corridor Closure Contractor (RCCC) and CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) that were transitioned to and monitored by Mission Support Alliance (MSA) in 2020, along with sites revegetated by MSA. Site monitoring is a continuance of efforts performed by the RCCC from fiscal year (FY) 2007 through FY 2020. This report contains data collected in 2020 documenting the recovery of revegetation areas associated with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 cleanup of National Priorities List waste sites and restoration of lands disturbed by ongoing Site mission activities at the Hanford Site in Richland, Washington. It contains vegetation monitoring data for 41 sites selected to be representative sites for areas planted between the years of FY 2007 and FY 2020.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Editorial: Hydrology, ecology, and nutrient biogeochemistry at the terrestrial-aquatic interface

Terrestrial-aquatic interfaces (TAI) play important roles in mediating the exchange of water and chemicals between land, surface and subsurface water systems, which is tightly coupled with biogeochemical transformations that influence water quality and ecosystem health (Harvey and Gooseff, 2015; Harvey et al., 2019). Understanding and predicting the interactions between the hydrologic, ecologic, and biogeochemical processes at those interfaces is crucial for the sustainable management of water resources and promotion of healthy ecosystems under different environmental stresses and disturbances, including climate change, human activities, and more frequent occurrence of extreme events. Both process-based and data-driven approaches have emerged to address critical challenges at TAIs as integral parts of the Earth system (e.g., Ward and Packman, 2019; Chen et al., 2021; Dwivedi et al., 2022). In this Research Topic, we sought research that advances the understanding of coupled hydrologic, ecologic, and biogeochemical processes along various TAIs from the summit to sea, e.g., river corridors and coastal TAI systems. We invited observational, experimental, theoretical, analytical, numerical, and data-driven research that aims to understand hydro-biogeochemical processes such as the redox dynamics and biogeochemical transformations of carbon, nutrients, and metals occurring at the TAIs and address their heterogeneity and scaling challenges.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Technical note: Using long short-term memory models to fill data gaps in hydrological monitoring networks

Abstract. Quantifying the spatiotemporal dynamics in subsurface hydrological flows over a long time window usually employs a network of monitoring wells. However, such observations are often spatially sparse with potential temporal gaps due to poor quality or instrument failure. In this study, we explore the ability of recurrent neural networks to fill gaps in a spatially distributed time-series dataset. We use a well network that monitors the dynamic and heterogeneous hydrologic exchanges between the Columbia River and its adjacent groundwater aquifer at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford site. This 10-year-long dataset contains hourly temperature, specific conductance, and groundwater table elevation measurements from 42 wells with gaps of various lengths. We employ a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to capture the temporal variations in the observed system behaviors needed for gap filling. The performance of the LSTM-based gap-filling method was evaluated against a traditional autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method in terms of error statistics and accuracy in capturing the temporal patterns of river corridor wells with various dynamics signatures. Our study demonstrates that the ARIMA models yield better average error statistics, although they tend to have larger errors during time windows with abrupt changes or high-frequency (daily and subdaily) variations. The LSTM-based models excel in capturing both high-frequency and low-frequency (monthly and seasonal) dynamics. However, the inclusion of high-frequency fluctuations may also lead to overly dynamic predictions in time windows that lack such fluctuations. The LSTM can take advantage of the spatial information from neighboring wells to improve the gap-filling accuracy, especially for long gaps in system states that vary at subdaily scales. While LSTM models require substantial training data and have limited extrapolation power beyond the conditions represented in the training data, they afford great flexibility to account for the spatial correlations, temporal correlations, and nonlinearity in data without a priori assumptions. Thus, LSTMs provide effective alternatives to fill in data gaps in spatially distributed time-series observations characterized by multiple dominant frequencies of variability, which are essential for advancing our understanding of dynamic complex systems.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1981

Application of remote sensing to land and water resource planning: The Pocomoke River Basin, Maryland

Because of the size of the Pocomoke River Basin, the inaccessibility of certain areas, and study time constraints, several remote sensing techniques were used to collect base information on the river corridor, (a 23.2 km channel) and on a 1.2 km wooded floodplain. This information provided an adequate understanding of the environment and its resources, thus enabling effective management options to be designed. The remote sensing techniques used for assessment included manual analysis of high altitude color-infrared photography, computer-assisted analysis of LANDSAT-2 imagery, and the application of airborne oceanographic Lidar for topographic mapping. Results show that each techniques was valuable in providing the needed base data necessary for resource planning.

Wildesen, S. E.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Urban Dynamics: Analyzing Land Use Change in Urban Environments

In FY99, the Earth Resource Observation System (EROS) staff at Ames continued managing the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Urban Dynamics Research program, which has mapping and analysis activities at five USGS mapping centers. Historic land use reconstruction work continued while activities in geographic analysis and modeling were expanded. Retrospective geographic information system (GIS) development - the spatial reconstruction of a region's urban land-use history - focused on the Detroit River Corridor, California's Central Valley, and the city of Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

Acevedo, William↗