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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2025

WEIS and FAST.Farm Advancements Beyond Wind Turbine Aeroelasticity

Presentation at the 7th Wind Energy Systems Engineering workshop from NREL principal engineer Jason Jonkman, Ph.D., on NREL's numerical tools Wind Energy with Integrated Servo-control (WEIS), which focuses on the integrated design of floating wind turbines, and FAST.Farm, a simulation tool for multi-turbine wind farms based on popular aero-servo-hydro-elastic solver OpenFAST. The presentation discusses recent advancements beyond wind turbine aero-elasticity.

17 WIND ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

BSEC VPRM 10m Hourly Biogenic Fluxes in Baltimore (2021)

Model outputs from the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM: version from Horne et al. in prep). Model remote sensing inputs come from Sential 2-derived EVI and LSWI. Model meteorological inputs for two-meter air temperature and shortwave incoming come from the BSEC WRF 2021 Control Run (Foust, W. 2023). Plant functional Types (PFTs) are spatially classified using the Chesapeake Bay Program 2018 land use land cover product. The final biogenic flux (µmol CO2 m^-2 s^-1) outputs of NEE, RESP, and GEE are a weighted average based on the portion of PFTs within the cell. Individual PFT outputs are saved inside PFT directories (e.g., Crops, Grass, etc.) inside the specific month directory. Model outputs are denoted as a negative flux into the land system (i.e., photosynthesis) and a positive flux as a net release into the overlying atmosphere. Respiration (RESP) fluxes are positive and combine heterotrophic (only soil) and autotrophic sources. Gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) is a negative flux driven by only photosynthetic activity from vegetation, and the Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is the sum of the two (i.e., NEE=RESP+GEE). Data Characteristics Spatial Resolution: 10m Temporal Resolution: Hourly File Format: VPRM_ _BSEC. .tif (Hour is in UTC) For more information on the model results, please email Jason Horne (jph6488@psu.edu). References: Foust, W. (2023). BSEC WRF 2021 Control Run Output (v0.1.0) [Data set]. MSD-LIVE Data Repository. https://data.msdlive.org/records/m0e6m-vvq17

Baltimore↗

DOE OSTI2026

Horne et al. (2026) supporting files - WRF-LES model outputs for a summer heatwave event on June 2025 in Baltimore, MD

Brief Description Shown is the supporting information for Horne et al. (2026). These files include all outputs from the WRF model simulations and the observational datasets used for comparison in the study. Scripts are provided so users can recreate the manuscript's figures using the provided observational and modeling data. For more information regarding the study, please contact the primary author of the associated manuscript, Jason Horne. Horne, J. P., Pan, Y., Davis, K. J., Waugh, D., Ahlswede, B. J., Prince, N. E. (2026). Simulating near-surface environments in urban neighborhoods using WRF-LES: A case study of classic atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) during a heatwave event JAMES. (to be submitted)

atmosphere↗

DOE OSTI2026

Horne et al. (2026) supporting files - WRF-LES model outputs for a summer heatwave event on June 2025 in Baltimore, MD

atmosphere↗

NASA NTRS2002

Oceanography in the formal and informal classroom

The TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 ocean altimeter missions offer the educator in the middle school or informal education venue a unique opportunity for reinforcing ocean science studies. An educational poster from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and France's Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales provide teachers and students a tool to examine topics such as the dynamics of ocean circulation, ocean research, and the oceans' role in climate.

TOPEX Jason oceanography education↗

NASA NTRS2016

The 26th Space Cryogenic Workshop: Overview, Description of Presentations, and List of Abstracts

This is a summary of the 2015 Space Cryogenics Workshop that was held in Phoenix, Arizona, June 24 to 26, 2015. The workshop was organized by David Plachta and Jason Hartwig of the Cryogenics and Fluid Systems Branch at NASA Glenn Research Center, and continued the tradition of bringing together specialists in the field of space cryogenics to discuss upcoming and potential space missions, and the development of technologies that support or-more often-are enabling for the science and exploration goals of the world's space agencies. The workshop consisted of two days of talks and poster sessions, and provided ample opportunity for more informal discussions that foster collaborations and cooperation in the space cryogenics community. Selected papers from the workshop are published in a special issue of Cryogenics, which is expected to be published by the end of 2015.

Numerical modeling↗

NASA NTRS2012

CO2 Washout Testing of NASA Space Suits

During the presentation "CO2 Washout Testing of NASA Spacesuits," Jason Norcross discussed the results of recent carbon dioxide CO2 washout testing of NASA spacesuits including the Rear Entry I-suit (REI), Enhanced Mobility Advanced Crew Escape Suit (EM-ACES), and possibly the ACES and Z-1 EVA prototype. When a spacesuit is used during ground testing, adequate CO2 washout must be provided for the suited subject. Symptoms of acute CO2 exposure depend on the partial pressure of CO2 (ppCO2) available to enter the lungs during respiration. The primary factors during ground-based testing that influence the ppCO2 level in the oronasal area include the metabolic rate of the subject and air flow through the suit. These tests were done to characterize inspired oronasal ppCO2 for a range of workloads and flow rates for which ground testing is nominally performed. During this presentation, Norcross provided descriptions of the spacesuits, test hardware, methodology, and results, as well as implications for future ground testing and verification of flight requirements.

Norcross, Jason↗

NASA NTRS2002

TOPEX/JASON combined GPS/DORIS orbit determination in the tandem phase

This paper will present Jason-1 POD results obtained at JPL using the Gipsy-Oasis I1 (GOA). Results from standard tests (orbit overlaps, Laser control points) suggest that 1 to 2 cm radial orbit precision is already being achieved using the JPL reduced-dynamic filter approach. New DORIS POD strategies will be an emphasis of this paper.

JASON↗

DOE OSTI2014

Argonne's SpEC Module

Jason Harper, an electrical engineer in Argonne National Laboratory's EV-Smart Grid Interoperability Center, discusses his SpEC Module invention that will enable fast charging of electric vehicles in under 15 minutes. The module has been licensed to BTCPower.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2016

A Conversation on Standard 90.1-2016

The roundtable discussion: A Conversation on Standard 90.1-2016, highlights some of the major changes one can expect to see in building envelope, mechanical system, and lighting requirements. In addition, the article highlights a new performance-based compliance path, climate zone revisions, and the strategic initiatives resulting in the new format. This roundtable was conducted by ASHRAE Journal with Drake Erbe, Member ASHRAE; Dick Lord, Fellow ASHRAE; Len Sciarra, AIA, Member ASHRAE; Eric Richman, Member ASHRAE; Michael Rosenberg, Member ASHRAE; Rahul Athalye, Associate Member ASHRAE; Bing Liu, P.E., Member ASHRAE; and Jason Glazer, P.E., Member ASHRAE.

ASHRAE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Advanced Characterization of Fuel-cladding Chemical Interaction between U-10Zr Fuel and HT9 Cladding Tested in Fast Flux Test Facility

Fuel cladding chemical interaction (FCCI) can greatly accelerate the cladding failure. However, due to the limited space in a fuel cladding assembly, it is historically challenging to gain an mechanistical understanding of the formation mechanism of FCCI and its influence on fuel and cladding performance. With the imminent need to qualify U-10Zr based metallic fuel cladded by HT-9 for advanced reactors demonstration project, it is of vital importance to use advanced characterization method to study FCCI in a unprecedent detailed manner and gain better mechanism understanding of FCCI. Mechanistic Fuel Failure (MFF) series of prototypic fuel elements irradiated in FFTF [1, 2] provides the best samples to study FCCI since the MFF-series assemblies had an axial fuel height the same as proposed length by industry partners. Jason et al. [3] has performed preliminary post-irradiation examination on a MFF fuel pin sample, which was extracted from the HT9 cladded U-10at.%Zr MFF-3 pin MFF-3 pin (#193045) at an axial location of X/L = 0.98. This sample has a peak burnup of 5.7 at.% and peak inner cladding temperature (PICT) of around 615 °C during in-core testing. Scanning electron microscope examination has identified visible FCCI region on more than half of the HT9 circumference [3]. The most striking feature are grain boundary attacking by apparently lanthanides (Lns) rich phase. However, SEM cannot provide accurate assessment of phase and concentration of grain boundary phases and prevented a better understanding of the formation mechanism of such attach. This study, by pairing transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterization and atom probe tomography (APT) techniques with in-situ micro-tensile testing in scanning electron microscope (SEM), aims at gaining in-depth understanding on the formed FCCI region. The identified FCCI region roughly consists of multilayers as illustrated in Figure 1 (c). The main findings are: (1) layer-B shows observable lanthanides (Lns) infiltration along grain boundaries and mechanical softening due to FCCI- and irradiation-induced microstructural and microchemistry changes, particularly the recovery of martensitic lath structure and dissolution of pre-existing M23C6 together with the formation of coarsened Laves phases, (Fe, Cr)2(Mo, W); (2) layer-C is Fe depleted but Lns significantly enriched, becoming very brittle; (3) layer-D is mainly composed of UFe2 and Lns; (4) three FCCI-induced intermetallic U-Fe-Zr phases, ? (Fe0.5Zr0.32U0.18), e (Fe0.3Zr0.4U0.3), ? (Fe0.06Zr0.23U0.71), were identified near layer-E; (5) the ? (Fe0.5Zr0.32U0.18) phase was characterized to be a face centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. These results will help to better understanding the governing mechanism of FCCI and facilitating the development of theoretical model for assessing the performance of metallic fuel and cladding integrity.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2022

New Lightning-Derived Vertical Total Electron Content Data Provide Unique Global Ionospheric Measurements

A newly released, novel ionospheric data set of global gridded vertical total electron content (VTEC) is introduced in this paper. This VTEC data set, provided by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), is derived from very high frequency (VHF; defined as 30–300 MHz) broadband radio-frequency (RF) measurements of lightning made by U.S. Department of Defense sensing systems on board Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. This paper presents the new data set (LANL VTEC), discusses the errors inherent in VHF TEC estimation due to ionospheric dispersion, and compares the LANL VTEC to two community standard VTEC gridded products: Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Global Ionospheric Model (JPL GIM) and the CEDAR community's Open Madrigal VTEC gridded measurements of L-band GNSS (global navigation satellite systems) TEC. We find that the LANL VTEC data have an offset of 3 TECU from CEDAR Madrigal GNSS VTEC and a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of 6 TECU. In comparison, the offset between LANL VTEC and the JPL GIM model is –3 TECU, but with a FWHM of 5 TECU. We also compare to Jason-3 VTEC measurements over the ocean, finding an offset of less than 0.5 TECU and an FWHM of <5 TECU. Because this technique uses a completely different methodology to determine TEC, the sources of errors are distinct from the typical ground-based GNSS L-band (GHz) TEC measurements. Also, because it is derived from RF lightning signals, this data set provides measurements in regions that are not well covered by ground-based GPS measurements, such as over oceans and over central Africa.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2017

Meeting report: a hard look at the state of enamel research

Enamel is a principal component of the dentition, and defects in this hard tissue are associated with a wide variety of diseases. To assess the state of the field of enamel research, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) convened the “Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines (ENAMEL) Development” workshop at its Bethesda headquarters on 23 June 2017. Enamel formation involves complex developmental stages and cellular differentiation mechanisms that are summarized in Figure 1. The meeting, which was organized by Jason Wan from NIDCR, had three sessions: model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/ 3D cell culture/organoids. In attendance were investigators interested in enamel from a broad range of disciplines as well as NIDCR leadership and staff. The meeting brought together developmental biologists, cell biologists, human geneticists, materials scientists, and clinical researchers from across the United States to discuss recent progress and future challenges in our understanding of the formation and function of enamel. Lively discussions took place throughout the day, and this meeting report highlights some of the major findings and ideas that emerged during the workshop.

ameloblast↗

DOE OSTI2013

National K-12 Educator Conference; "Earth Then, Earth Now: Our Changing Climate"

With the support of the Department of Energy, the National Science Teachers Association and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Imaginary Lines Inc. (dba Sally Ride Science) delivered a highly successful 2-day conference to 165 K-12 educators on climate change. The event took place o July 23rd and 24th, 2008 at the NOAA facility in Silver Spring, MD. The conference celebrated the 25th anniversary of Dr. Sally Ride’s first flight into space in 1983 and examined how our understanding of Earth has changed in those 25 years. One the first day of the conference, participants heard a keynote talk delivered by Dr. Sally Ride, followed by presentations by well-known climate change scientists: Dr. Richard Somerville, Dr. Inez Fung and Dr. Susan Solomon. These sessions were concurrently webcast and made available to educators who were unable to attend the conference. On the second day of the conference, participants attended breakout sessions where they performed climate change activities (e.g. “Neato Albedo!”, “Greenhouse in a Bottle”, “Shell-Shocked”) that they could take back to their classrooms. Additional break-out sessions on using remote sensing images to illustrate climate change effects on Earth’s surface and how to address the climate change debate, were also offered. During lunch, participants attended an Educator Street Fair and had the opportunity to interact with representatives from NOAA, NASA, the EPA, NEEF and the JASON project. A follow-up evaluation survey was administered to all conference attendees immediately following the conference to evaluate its effectiveness. The results of this survey were overwhelmingly positive. The conference materials: presentation Power Points, workshop handouts and activities were available for teachers to download after the conference from the Sally Ride Science website. In summary, the approximately $55K support for the Department of Energy was used to help plan, deliver and evaluate the “Earth Then, Earth Now: Our Changing Climate”, conference which took place on July 23rd and 24th, 2008 at the NOAA facility in Silver Spring, MD.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2014

DOE Chair of Excellence in Environmental Disciplines-Final Technical Report

The report Massie Chair of Excellence Program at Universidad del Turabo, contract DE-FG02-95EW12610, during the period of 9/29/1995 to 9/29/2011. The initial program aims included development of academic programs in the Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Research and Development focused initially on environmentally friendly processes and later revised also include: renewable energy and international cooperation. From 1995 -2005, the Program at UT lead the establishment of the new undergraduate program in electrical engineering at the School of Engineering (SoE), worked on requirements to achieve ABET accreditation of the SoE B.S. Mechanical Engineering and B.S. Electrical Engineering programs, mentored junior faculty, taught undergraduate courses in electrical engineering, and revised the electrical engineering curriculum. Engineering undergraduate laboratories were designed and developed. The following research sub-project was developed: Research and development of new perovskite-alumina hydrogen permeable asymmetrical nanostructured membranes for hydrogen purification, and extremely high specific surface area silica materials for hydrogen storage in the form of ammonia, Dr. Rolando Roque-Malherbe Subproject PI, Dr. Santander Nieto and Mr. Will Gómez Research Assistants. In 2006, the Massie Chair of Excellence Program was transferred to the National Nuclear Security Agency, NNSA and DNN. DoE required a revised proposal aligned with the priorities of the Administration. The revised approved program aims included: (1) Research (2) Student Development: promote the development of minority undergraduate and graduate students through research teams, internships, conferences, new courses; and, (3) Support: (a) Research administration and (b) Dissemination through international conferences, the UT Distinguished Lecturer Series in STEM fields and at the annual Universidad del Turabo (UT) Researchers Conference. Research included: Sub-Project 1: Synthesis and Characterization of low Refractive Index Aerogel Silica for Cherenkov Counters- Dr. Rolando Roque-Malherbe Sub-project PI, Dr. Jose Duconge Sub-project Co-PI, Dr. Santander Nieto Assistant Researcher, Francisco Diaz and Carlos Neira Associate Researchers. The initial aim of this sub-project was changed to the synthesis and characterization of extremely high specific surface area aerogel silica for gas storage. A high specific surface area silica gel that has applications in gas drying, cleaning operation useful in nuclear industry in process was developed. Sub-Project 2: Investigation Study of Magnetic and Electronic Transport Properties at Material Interfaces in Magnetic Multilayer Heterostructure using Gd. – Dr. Yazan Hijazi, Sub-project Co-PI. UT developed the capability and infrastructure to produce high quality thin-film magnetic films and magnetic multilayer structures with fine control over film quality and thickness using sputter deposition capability to perform in-house electric and magnetic characterization of these films. The research experimentally quantified the effect of Gd incorporation within the magnetic multilayer structure and produce magnetic media with exchanged decoupled multilevel magnetic anisotropy. From September 2006 to September 2011 the Massie Chair produced nineteen (19) publications, (including 3 books), five (5) presentations and three (3) international conferences abstracts. A total of fourteen (14) undergraduates and (6) graduate students acquired research experience. Two Ph.D. students presented their dissertations on topics related to nuclear energy and graduated as follows: María Cotto (May 2009) and Eric Calderón (May 2011). Five of the participating undergraduate students graduated: Ramon Polanco (BSME, May 2009), Jason Pérez (BSEE, May 2008), Rafael Colón (BSME, May 2008), Jessenia Marfisi (BS Chemistry, May 2008). Eleven (11) students were sent to National Laboratories (LANL, SNL and LLNL), NNSA and DoE facilities for summer internships. Twenty eight (28) undergraduate students participated in Summer Internships (2010, 2011) at the Puerto Rico Energy Center (PREC). Four international energy symposiums were held aligned with the DoE and the NNSA missions and dissemination of Massie Chair research activities (660 attendees). Academic programs developed or revised under advice of the Massie Chair: Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences (revised); MSc in Environmental Sciences (revised); MSc in Mechanical Engineering with concentration in Alternative Energy (new); BS in Industrial Management & Engineering (revised to fulfill the ABET requirements); BS in Civil Engineering including an environmental option (new); BS in Electrical Engineering (revised); and, Associate in Renewable Energy (new). The Puerto Rico Energy Center (PREC) was designed and developed under the Massie Chair initiative. Thirty-three (33) proposals were developed and submitted during the period of which 12 were approved in the amount of $ $1,931,306.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2014

Research in Theoretical Particle Physics

This document is the final report on activity supported under DOE Grant Number DE-FG02-13ER42024. The report covers the period July 15, 2013 – March 31, 2014. Faculty supported by the grant during the period were Danny Marfatia (1.0 FTE) and Hume Feldman (1% FTE). The grant partly supported University of Hawaii students, David Yaylali and Keita Fukushima, who are supervised by Jason Kumar. Both students are expected to graduate with Ph.D. degrees in 2014. Yaylali will be joining the University of Arizona theory group in Fall 2014 with a 3-year postdoctoral appointment under Keith Dienes. The group’s research covered topics subsumed under the Energy Frontier, the Intensity Frontier, and the Cosmic Frontier. Many theoretical results related to the Standard Model and models of new physics were published during the reporting period. The report contains brief project descriptions in Section 1. Sections 2 and 3 lists published and submitted work, respectively. Sections 4 and 5 summarize group activity including conferences, workshops and professional presentations.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2018

Production of Medically Important Radionuclides 52 Mn and 90 Nb

Over the final reporting period of this project, we at MGH finalized our effort on Project 2: Production and Characterization of 90 Nb which, as per our previous report led us to an interesting application of mass spectrometry in radiometal chemistry. Overall, our research has developed parameters and procedures for delivering high 90 Nb for preclinical and translational applications by initializing the cyclotron targetry and separation chemistry for delivering 90 Nb in a chemical form suitable for subsequent development of 90 Nb-based PET radiotracers, and most recently we have published on the mass spectrometry applications described in the present report. We have been working with MSKCC (PI Jason Lewis) on the 90 Nb methodology and have had input from UAB (PI Suzy Lapi). An in-person meeting was held during the upcoming funding period with 2 PIs who are co-organizing the Radiochemistry Symposium (Lapi and Vasdev) and Program Director Dr. Ethan Balkin, during the ACS National Meeting in March 2018, and 2 PIs (Lewis and Vasdev) co presented in at the World Federation of Nuclear Medicine and Biology at a symposium sponsored by the Australian Nuclear Sciences and Technology Organisation, where they are both collaborating, in Melbourne, Australia in April 2018. Future projects and collaborations are under discussion with the Lapi lab to focus on new applications of 76 Br chemistry, and a new collaboration has already resulted with the Lewis lab on 18 F radiochemistry that employ iodonium ylide based precursors developed in the Vasdev lab, for clinical production of [ 18 F]MFBG. It is noteworthy that the PI has now relocated to the University of Toronto and has 2 cyclotrons (IBA Cyclone and Scanditronix MC-17) that will also be used to explore new 11 C-radiochemistry including [ 11 C]CO.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗

DOE OSTI2021

Wood-to-Fuel Demonstration Project for California's Transportation Sector using Autothermal Pyrolysis (Non-Proprietary Summary Process Hazard Assessment)

Frontline has prioritized personnel safety, equipment preservation, and environmental protection throughout the design process of the autothermal pyrolysis unit. To facilitate a safe design, Frontline completed an informal hazards and operability (HAZOP) study and a formal HAZOP study, and employ management of change procedures. The result of these safety procedures is a plant that will function in a safe manner with a limited and acceptable amount of risk. Frontline took an approach it used in previous projects to execute a preliminary, internally facilitated hazards and operability (HAZOP) study. While this HAZOP study was performed without any subsequent change tracking, it enables a group of well-trained engineers to consider the safety implications of each part of the plant in a thorough and methodical manner. Frontline chose to bring in a pyrolysis consultant (Daren Daugaard of Burning Oak Energy) to participate in the review. Following the preliminary HAZOP and once the detailed design work was nearing completion, Frontline performed a formal HAZOP with a third-party facilitator, Jason Stittleburg of Novetus Engineering. Although the plant is not subject to process safety management (PSM) requirements, this formal HAZOP was performed in accordance with OSHA regulations deemed reasonable for PSM. Finally, after the formal HAZOP was conducted, Frontline maintained a safe system by implementing and following management of change procedures on each substantial change to the process. Frontline has kept a record of each subsequent change made to the formal HAZOP P&IDs. The process hazard assessment process allowed Frontline to find and correct several unacceptable configurations within the plant.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗