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This report contains no significant results.
The author has identified the following significant results. Due to the fact that all of the ERTS-1 imagery has not been received, evaluation of this imagery will be delayed until all of it is at hand. It has been determined that the arbitrary classification of tree mortality into dead, dying, and light damage is sound in that each class is significatly different in terms of number and volume of trees killed. It has likewise been determined that the different classes of defoliation of light, medium, and heavy are significantly different in terms of the needles per tip. It has been found that all classes of tree mortality and degrees of defoliation are readily and accurately identified from underflight photos in color and color IR in both scales of 1/5000 and 1/18,500. Evaluation of U-2 imagery is incomplete. It has been determined, however, that through the use of RC-10 color IR it is expected to be able to detect all three classes of tree mortality and probably at least two extreme levels of defoliation.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
The detection of stress induced by bark beetles in conifers is reviewed in two sections: (1) the analysis of very small scale aerial photographs taken by NASA's RB-57F aircraft on August 10, 1969, and (2) the analysis of multispectral imagery obtained by the optical-mechanical line scanner. Underexposure of all films taken from the RB-57 aircraft and inadequate flight coverage prevented drawing definitive conclusions regarding optimum scales and film combinations to detect the discolored infestations. Preprocessing of the scanner signals by both analog and digital computers improved the accuracy of target recognition. Selection and ranking of the best channels for signature recognition was the greatest contribution of digital processing. Improvements were made in separating hardwoods from conifers and old-kill pine trees from recent discolored trees and from healthy trees, but accuracy of detecting the green infested trees is still not acceptable on either the SPARC or thermal-contouring processor. From six years of experience in processing line scan data it is clear that the greatest gain in previsual detection of stress will occur when registered multispectral data from a single aperture or common instantaneous field of view scanner system can be collected and processed.
The author has identified the following significant results. It is possible to detect all major areas of lodgepole pine defoliated by the needle miner within a given target area. Ground checking and helicopter observations have confirmed that accurate designations have been obtained for the following areas: (1) timbered v.s. non-timbered areas, (2) damaged v.s. undamaged timber areas, (3) lakes, (4) dome shadows which resemble lakes, (5) mountain meadows, (6) pasture land, (7) agricultural land, (8) desert, and (9) riparian vegetation.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
The author has identified the following significant results. In earlier reports it has been indicated that it is possible to delineate areas of lodgepole pine timber mortality into three degrees of damage from enlarged ERTS-1 color composites; light, medium, and heavy. It can also be confidently reported that it is now possible to detect all major areas of lodgepole pine defoliated by the needle miner. It has also been confirmed, through ground checking and helicopter observation that previous designation of the following features have been consistently accurate: timbered vs non-timbered areas; timber types; damaged vs undamaged areas; lakes, dome shadows which resemble lakes, mountain meadows, pasture and agricultural land, desert; riparian vegetation; and glaciers.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
There are no author-identified significant results in this report.