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At least 109 records · Page 6

Optical Constants of an Apatite Single Crystal in the IR Range of 6–28 μm

On the basis of polarized IR-reflection spectra in the range of 5000–350 cm{sup –1} measured from the natural face of an optically transparent fluorapatite single crystal, components of a complex refractive index (optical constants) for radiation-vector orientations E ‖ c and E ⊥ c have been calculated by the Kramers–Kronig method. The fluorapatite single crystal has been chosen from several samples: it contains a minimum amount of impurities and has a high degree of crystallinity in accordance with the criteria of IR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Tabular data on optical constants for ordinary and extraordinary rays are given for the IR range of 6–28 μm. The obtained absorption spectra are compared with the results of quantum-chemical ab initio calculations within the B3LYP simulation.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Carbonated apatite lattice parameter variation across incremental growth lines in teeth

Here, results of microbeam mapping (x-ray excited x-ray fluorescence and transmission x-ray diffraction) of Beluga whale cementum and of beaver dentin reveal growth bands are defined by variation in mineral content (carbonated hydroxyapatite, cAp), by variation in Zn content and by variation in cAp lattice parameter a. For both tissues, diffraction and fluorescence data show that Zn signal and a are anti-correlated, that is high Zn signal is co-located with low a, and vice versa. In cementum and bone, treatment with acid removes Ca, Zn and cAp. The data are strong evidence that Zn is incorporated into the cAp lattice in these tissues and that the amount of Zn incorporated varies across two very different types of growth bands, annual bands in Beluga cementum and daily incremental bands in beaver dentin. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first observation of spatial variation of lattice parameter within growth bands.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗