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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Clothes Cleaning Research for Space Exploration
As the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to establish a sustainable presence on the Moon to prepare for missions to Mars, there is an increased need to find effective and sustainable laundry solutions that are compatible with space travel and reduce the need for clothing resupply. Research and development to overcome resource constraints in space can lead to new products and practices on Earth. This paper describes a collaboration between NASA and Procter & Gamble (P&G) to advance their individual goals as well as provide additional benefits to humanity through more sustainable use of resources. In particular, the two organizations have been working together since August 2020 to advance state-of-the-art, environmentally friendly laundry solutions. Both traditional and novel approaches are being considered and held up against strict resource constraints that may exist in space missions or on Earth in the future. The results of this work are expected to contribute to NASA’s strategic goal of extending human presence deeper into space and to the Moon for sustainable long-term exploration and utilization. Likewise, the collaboration will advance one of P&G’s 2030 corporate sustainability goals by promoting water savings among its 5 billion consumers.
Clean Air Shower Curtain for Protection of Contamination Sensitive Telescopes on the Ariane 5 Launcher
The launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) was successfully performed by Ariane 5 from French Guiana on December 25th 2021. The unique nature of the JWST mission led to various adaptations of the Ariane 5 launch system to fulfill stringent cleanliness and hygrometry requirements all along the launch preparation. JWST integration and test activities in the Final Assembly Building (BAF) had to be performed in ISO Class 7 equivalent conditions under Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) protection and monitoring. For this purpose, a dedicated air supply system equipped with Airborne Molecular Contamination (AMC) filters was installed in the umbilical mast. The fairing itself was specially sealed to protect the inner environment, and to, guarantee ISO Class 7, the BAF Composite Hall (BAF-HC) facilities were upgraded with a removable “Air Shower Curtain” (AShC) containment enclosure between the mobile platforms around JWST. The preparation of these Ariane 5 launch system adaptations started several years before the launch campaign with close cooperation and coordination between Arianespace, ArianeGroup, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This paper describes their specificities and addresses the challenges experienced to achieve the successful mission preparation.
Clean Air Shower Curtain for Protection of Contamination Sensitive Telescopes on the Ariane 5 Launcher
The launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) was successfully performed by Ariane 5 from French Guiana on December 25th 2021. The unique nature of the JWST mission led to various adaptations of the Ariane 5 launch system to fulfill stringent cleanliness and hygrometry requirements all along the launch preparation. JWST integration and test activities in the Final Assembly Building (BAF) had to be performed in ISO Class 7 equivalent conditions under Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) protection and monitoring. For this purpose, a dedicated air supply system equipped with Airborne Molecular Contamination (AMC) filters was installed in the umbilical mast. The fairing itself was specially sealed to protect the inner environment, and to, guarantee ISO Class 7, the BAF Composite Hall (BAF-HC) facilities were upgraded with a removable “Air Shower Curtain” (AShC) containment enclosure between the mobile platforms around JWST. The preparation of these Ariane 5 launch system adaptations started several years before the launch campaign with close cooperation and coordination between Arianespace, ArianeGroup, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This paper describes their specificities and addresses the challenges experienced to achieve the successful mission preparation.
Origins of Atmospheric Atomic Oxygen Cleaning
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Uncertainty in Aerosol–Cloud Radiative Forcing Is Driven By Clean Conditions
Atmospheric aerosols and their impact on cloud properties remain the largest uncertainty in the human forcing of the climate system. By increasing the concentration of cloud droplets (Nd), aerosols reduce droplet size and increase the reflectivity of clouds (a negative radiative forcing). Central to this climate impact is the susceptibility of cloud droplet number to aerosol (β), the diversity of which explains much of the variation in the radiative forcing from aerosol–cloud interactions (RFaci) in global climate models. This has made measuring β a key target for developing observational constraints of the aerosol forcing.
Cleaning up the Coasts: A System for the Removal of Marine Microplastics Using Semi-Autonomous Vehicles
In recent years, microplastic pollution has become an increasingly threatening problem for ocean ecosystems. With only 9% of plastics being successfully recycled, many end up in oceans where they break down into small particles less than 5 millimeters in length known as microplastics. These microplastics pose a threat to ocean wildlife, as many sea creatures are harmed by accidentally consuming them. Microplastics also end up contaminating human water and food supply. This report presents a system with the goal of identifying and collecting microplastics near coastlines in order to reduce the number of microplastics in the ocean that pose a threat to wildlife. The system consists of a combination of air and sea drones to locate and collect the microplastics, as well as charging stations to allow the drones to operate for extended periods of time. If implemented, this system will help combat microplastic pollution in oceans by preventing plastics from leaving the coastlines and going deeper where they could harm wildlife.
Statistical Decomposition and Machine Learning to Clean In Situ Spaceflight Magnetic Field Measurements
Robust in situ magnetic field measurements are critical to understanding the various mechanisms that couple mass, momentum, and energy throughout our solar system. However, the spacecraft on which magnetometers are often deployed contaminate the magnetic field measurements via onboard subsystems including reaction wheels and magnetorquers. Two magnetometers can be deployed at different distances from the spacecraft to determine an approximation of the interfering field for subsequent removal, but constant data streams from both magnetometers can be impractical due to power and telemetry limitations. Here we propose a method to identify and remove time-varying magnetic interference from sources such as reaction wheels using statistical decomposition and convolutional neural networks, providing high-fidelity magnetic field data even in cases where dual-sensor measurements are not constantly available. For example, a measurement interval from the Parker Solar Probe outboard magnetometer experienced a 95.1% reduction in reaction wheel interference following application of the proposed technique.
Self-Cleaning Coating for Space or Earth
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Concepts for Self-Cleaning Elastomer Seals for Lunar Surface Applications
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CONTAMINATION CONTROL IN NON-CLEAN ROOM SETTINGS: LESSONS FROM THE ATACAMA ROVER ASTROBIOLOGY DRILLING STUDIES (ARADS) AND APPLICATION TO OCEAN WORLDS EXPLORATION.
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Components Cleaning Facility West SWMU 030 2024 Annual Long Term Monitoring Report
This document presents and summarizes the 2024 groundwater monitoring activities and the results of a localized direct-push technology investigation at CCF West in order to monitor the natural attenuation of chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC)-affected groundwater with concentrations above the state of Florida Chapter 62-777, Florida Administrative Code, groundwater cleanup target levels.
The Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network (CLEAN)
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Sandwich gasification process for high-efficiency conversion of carbonaceous fuels to clean syngas with zero residual carbon discharge
The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar.
Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines: Scientific Innovation for Efficient, Clean, and Affordable Transportation
An overview of the Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines Initiative that is bringing together top scientists, engineers, and analysts from nine national laboratories with university and industry partners across the country to investigate fuels and engines as dynamic design variables that can work together to boost efficiency and performance, while minimizing emissions.
Unprecedented Analysis of LA’s Clean Energy Transformation
Jurisdictions like the City of Los Angeles are boldly establishing ambitious energy objectives—and NREL can be a key partner in informing these transitions.The City of Los Angeles is one of several U.S. local governments setting monumental, measurable goals to transform their energy economies. At the direction of its City Council, LA has embarked on a plan to modernize its electricity system infrastructure—aiming for a 100% renewable energy supply by 2045, along with aggressive electrification targets for buildings and vehicles.
Dynamic Photovoltaic Cell Technology Transforms Windows Into Clean Energy Producers: NREL Creates Self-Tinting Solar Window with Perovskite Technologies
SwitchGlaze is a technology offering fully transparent, infrared-light-absorbing designs with high solar efficiency. Relying on a thin coating of a perovskite material, SwitchGlaze transforms from transparent to tinted in response to heat, generating energy while also potentially lowering summertime indoor cooling costs.
Heteroatom-doped porous carbons for clean energy applications and methods for their synthesis
Methods for a facile, template free and one-step synthesis of nanoporous carbons by using a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound as a single source precursor of both carbon and nitrogen are described. The heterocyclic aromatic organic compound contains nitrogen in pyrrolic and/or pyridinic positions and is chemically activated with NaOH, KOH or ZnCl2 at high temperatures in a solid state mixture as a synthesis protocol to promote fine micropores during carbonization. Nanoporous carbons synthesized by these methods that have superior gas sorption/storage and energy storage properties are also described. The nanoporous carbons are useful as carbon sequestration agents and supercapacitors.