Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “capability description”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58

Performance of Magnetic Penetration Thermometers for X-Ray Astronomy

The ideal X-ray camera for astrophysics would have more than a million pixels and provide an energy resolution of better than leV FWHM for energies up to 10 keY. We have microfabricated and characterized thin-film magnetic penetration thermometers (MPTs) that show great promise towards meeting these capabilities. MPTs operate in similar fashion to metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs), except that a superconducting sensor takes the place of a paramagnetic sensor and it is the temperature dependence of the superconductor's diamagnetic response that provides the temperature sensitivity. We present a description of the design and performance of our prototype thin-film MPTs with MoAu bilayer sensors, which have demonstrated an energy resolution of approx 2 eV FWHM at 1.5 keY and 4.3 eV FWHM at 5.9 keY.

Nagler, P. C.↗

Lunar Thermal Wadis and Exploration Rovers: Outpost Productivity and Participatory Exploration

The presentation introduces the concept of a thermal wadi, an engineered source of thermal energy that can be created using native material on the moon or elsewhere to store solar energy for use by various lunar surface assets to survive the extremely cold environment of the lunar night. A principal benefit of this approach to energy storage is the low mass requirement for transportation from Earth derived from the use of the lunar soil, or regolith, as the energy storage medium. The presentation includes a summary of the results of a feasibility study involving the numerical modeling of the performance of a thermal wadi including a manufactured thermal mass, a solar energy reflector, a nighttime thermal energy reflector and a lunar surface rover. The feasibility study shows that sufficient thermal energy can be stored using unconcentrated solar flux to keep a lunar surface rover sufficiently warm throughout a 354 hour lunar night at the lunar equator, and that similar approaches can be used to sustain surface assets during shorter dark periods that occur at the lunar poles. The presentation includes descriptions of a compact lunar rover concept that could be used to manufacture a thermal wadi and could alternatively be used to conduct a variety of high-value tasks on the lunar surface. Such rovers can be produced more easily because the capability for surviving the lunar night is offloaded to the thermal wadi infrastructure. The presentation also includes several concepts for operational scenarios that could be implemented on the moon using the thermal wadi and compact rover concepts in which multiple affordable rovers, operated by multiple terrestrial organizations, can conduct resource prospecting and human exploration site preparation tasks.

Sacksteder, Kurt↗

Arc Jet Testing: A Short Course

This course will cover an overview of the Entry Systems and Technology Division (TS) at NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) and descriptions of the extensive arc jet testing complex managed within the branch. After a quick look at the Earth and Planetary Entry projects supported by TS, along with the inventions and software developed within the division, a description of the entry environments to which thermal protection systems (TPS) are exposed will be discussed. The question of "How do we insure TPS survival?" will be answered with descriptions of the various test facilities across the agency and beyond and their applicability. The Ames Arc Jet Complex will then be described, starting with how an arc heater works, adding in the associated infrastructure required to run an arc heater, and the capabilities of each of the test tunnels. Finally, examples of TPS test articles will round out the course.

ablative materials↗

Arc Jet Testing

This course will cover an overview of the Entry Systems and Technology Division (TS) at NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) and descriptions of the extensive arc jet testing complex managed within the branch. After a quick look at the Earth and Planetary Entry projects supported by TS, along with the inventions and software developed within the division, a description of the entry environments to which thermal protection systems (TPS) are exposed will be discussed. The question of "How do we insure TPS survival?" will be answered with descriptions of the various test facilities across the agency and beyond and their applicability. The Ames Arc Jet Complex will then be described, starting with how an arc heater works, adding in the associated infrastructure required to run an arc heater, and the capabilities of each of the test tunnels. Finally, examples of TPS test articles will round out the course.

arc jet testing↗

Description and calibration of the Langley 6- by 28-inch transonic tunnel

The Langley 6 by 28 inch transonic tunnel is described. The tunnel is a two dimensional facility with slotted top and bottom walls, used for testing two dimensional airfoil sections. Basic tunnel-empty Mach number distributions, noise surveys, and test section total pressure surveys are presented. The Mach number capability of the facility is from about 0.3 to 1.2. The stagnation pressure can be varied from 207 kN/sq m (30 lb/sq in) absolute to 620 kN/sq m (90 lb/sq in) absolute. This range of pressure can provide a Reynolds number of about 10 million, based on a 15.2 cm (6.0 in.) model chord at Mach numbers from 0.5 to 1.0. The maximum Reynolds number capability at a Mach number of 1.0 is about 15 million, based on the same model chord.

Ladson, C. L.↗

ATS-6 description

The major design features of the sixth Applications Technology Satellite (ATS-6) are discussed. The three-axis stabilized, geostationary satellite, launched in May 1974, features a 9.1 meter parabolic antenna permitting the use of low cost 3 meter ground terminals for the reception of direct broadcast high quality color television programming. The communication subsystem is an integrated multifrequency RF repeater capable of receiving up to three signals in C, S, L, and VHF bands and retransmitting them at any commanded frequency in C, S, L, and UHF bands. A summary of the experiments carried aboard ATS-6 is provided, and early results from the GEOS Tracking and Data Relay Experiment are presented.

Redisch, W. N.↗

Advanced Information Systems Technology for NASA Earth System Digital Twins (ESDT)

ESA and NASA have both started programs to design and develop Digital Twins of the Earth and/or Earth systems. Organized around interconnected, multi-domain, high-scale modeling capabilities, the three major components of an Earth System Digital Twin are a continuously updated Digital Replica of the Earth System of interest, dynamic Forecasting models, and Impact Assessment capabilities. Earth System Digital Twins integrate diverse Earth and human activity models, continuous observations, and information system capabilities to provide unified, comprehensive representations and predictions that can be utilized for monitoring the health of the Planet, as well as for developing actionable information to support decision making. More generally, Digital Twins will help researchers better understand the fundamental Earth systems that impact everything from wildfires to climate change. This Townhall will first provide a short description of ESA’s, NASA’s and CNES’s current efforts in Digital Twins: • Destination Earth (DestinE) is the first initiative of the European Union to create a Digital Twin of the Earth, particularly focused on weather and climate, and as a coordinated effort between the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), ESA and the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). • Additionally, ESA is developing several Digital Twin Earth Precursor Activities to study some of the key scientific and technical challenges associated with building a “Digital Twin Earth”. These include forests, hydrology, Antarctica, food systems, oceans, and climate hot spots Digital Twin prototypes. • NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO)’s Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) Program has started an initiative in Earth System Digital Twins (ESDT), with 14 current projects in this area, developing various information systems technologies and prototypes that will help prepare the development of future NASA Digital Twins. • CNES is currently developing the concept of a Digital Twin Factory (DTF), which relies on a data lake, a high computing capability using clouds and/or HPC and has thematic algorithms and methodologies able to generate registered and coherent layers of information in order to enrich a datacube from which physical indicators can be computed spatially. NASA, ESA and CNES are also currently defining science use cases that will be presented during the townhall; those and a few short discussions of current projects will serve as a starting point to engage a dialogue about Digital Twins of the Earth with the IGARSS community.

earth science remote sensing; Information systems↗

Low noise microwave receiving systems on a 64 m antenna.

Review of the performance capability at S-, X- and K-band of the NASA/JPL 64-m Cassegrain antenna at Goldstone, California. The multiple feed system allows X- and K-band atmospheric research studies to be conducted simultaneously with mission directed S-band spacecraft tracking. A description of the antenna system and its multiple operation is followed by gain and efficiency comparisons at the three frequencies. The total operating system temperature and its frequency dependence are discussed. Antenna gain and efficiency, and zenith system operating temperature are summarized at S- and X-band, respectively, by 62 dB, 63%, 16K; and 72 dB, 52%, 24K. Preliminary measurements for K-band are 76 dB, 39%, 29K.

Reid, M. S.↗

Modular checkout and test system.

Description of the development and performance of a new modular checkout and test system that represents a new concept proposed for the operational support of the space shuttle. The system is shown to have reached an advanced stage of experimental development and to be capable of meeting the requirements of the shuttle orbiter and booster with a minimum of equipment, facility, personnel, and time costs.

Warzecha, L. W.↗

SEASAT-A - A user oriented systems design

The SEASAT-A spacecraft is tentatively scheduled for launch in 1978 into a nearly circular orbit with an altitude of approximately 800 km. The spacecraft is to demonstrate a capability for the global monitoring of wave height and spectra, surface winds, ocean temperature, and current patterns. Other objectives include the charting of ice fields and a mapping of the global geoid. The sensors to be carried by the spacecraft are discussed and a description is given of the satellite system and the subsystems.

Mccandless, S. W., Jr.↗

Landsat missions

This paper gives a description and present status of NASA's Landsat program, including the orbital coverage, payload, data processing, and data products. Data uses are discussed in general terms. Also discussed are NASA's plans for the Landsat-3 and Landsat-D missions and the improved capabilities represented by these missions. The Shuttle retrieval of Landsat-D and the Shuttle launch of future Landsat satellites are discussed conceptually.

Mannheimer, H.↗

Configuration Analysis Tool (CAT). System Description and users guide (revision 1)

A system description of, and user's guide for, the Configuration Analysis Tool (CAT) are presented. As a configuration management tool, CAT enhances the control of large software systems by providing a repository for information describing the current status of a project. CAT provides an editing capability to update the information and a reporting capability to present the information. CAT is an interactive program available in versions for the PDP-11/70 and VAX-11/780 computers.

Decker, W.↗

Receivers

Before discussing Deep Space Network receivers, a brief description of the functions of receivers and how they interface with other elements of the Network is presented. Different types of receivers are used in the Network for various purposes. The principal receiver type is used for telemetry and tracking. This receiver provides the capability, with other elements of the Network, to track the space probe utilizing Doppler and range measurements, and to receive telemetry, including both scientific data from the onboard experiments and engineering data pertaining to the health of the probe. Another type of receiver is used for radio science applications. This receiver measures phase perturbations on the carrier signal to obtain information on the composition of solar and planetary atmospheres and interplanetary space. A third type of receiver utilizes very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) techniques for both radio science and spacecraft navigation data. Only the telemetry receiver is described in detail in this document. The integration of the Receiver-Exciter subsystem with other portions of the Deep Space Network is described.

Donnelly, H.↗

The Arecibo Observatory as an MST radar

The radars and other systems at the Arecibo Observatory were designed and built, originally, for incoherent-scatter and radio-astronomy research. More recently, important additions have been made for planetary radar and artificial RF heating of the ionosphere. Although designed and built for a different application, these systems have shown to be very powerful tools for tropospheric, stratospheric and mesospheric research. The Observatory at present has two main radars: one at 430 and the other at 2380 MHz. In addition, 50-MHz MST radar work has been done using portable transmitters brought to the Observatory for this purpose. This capability will become permanent with the recent acquisition of a transmitter at this frequency. Furthermore, control and data processing systems have been developed to use the powerful HF transmitter and antennas of the HF-heating facility as an HF bistatic radar. A brief description of the four radars available at the Observatory is presented.

Woodman, R. F.↗

Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS): An investigator's guide to TIMS data

The Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) is a NASA aircraft scanner providing six channel spectral capability in the thermal infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Operating in the atmospheric window region (8 to 12 micrometers) with a channel sensitivity of approximately 0.1 C, TIMS may be used whenever an accurate measure of the Earth's surface is needed. A description of this scanner is provided as well as a discussion of data acquisition and reduction.

Palluconi, F. D.↗

WEST-3 wind turbine simulator development. Volume 1: Summary

This report is a summary description of WEST-3, a new real-time wind turbine simulator developed by Paragon Pacific Inc. WEST-3 is an all digital, fully programmable, high performance parallel processing computer. Contained in the report are descriptions of the WEST-3 hardware and software. WEST-3 consists of a network of Computational Units (CUs) working in parallel. Each CU is a custom designed high speed digital processor operating independently of other CUs. The CU, which is the main building block of the system, is described in some detail. A major contributor to the high performance of the system is the use a unique method for transferring data among the CUs. The software aspects of WEST-3 covered in the report include the preparation of the simulation model (reformulation, scaling and normalization), and the use of the system software (Translator, Linker, Assembler and Loader). Also given is a description of the wind turbine simulation model used in WEST-3, and some sample results from a study conducted to validate the system. Finally, efforts currently underway to enhance the user friendliness of the system are outlined; these include the 32-bit floating point capability, and major improvements in system software.

Sridhar, S.↗

Space shuttle main engine vibration data base

The Space Shuttle Main Engine Vibration Data Base is described. Included is a detailed description of the data base components, the data acquisition process, the more sophisticated software routines, and the future data acquisition methods. Several figures and plots are provided to illustrate the various output formats accessible to the user. The numerous vibration data recall and analysis capabilities available through automated data base techniques are revealed.

Lewallen, Pat↗

Active control rotor model testing at Princeton's Rotorcraft Dynamics Laboratory

A description of the model helicopter rotor tests currently in progress at Princeton's Rotorcraft Dynamics Laboratory is presented. The tests are designed to provide data for rotor dynamic modeling for use with active control system design. The model rotor to be used incoporates the capability for Individual Blade Control (IBC) or Higher Harmonic Control through the use of a standard swashplate on a three bladed hub. Sample results from the first series of tests are presented, along with the methodology used for state and parameter identification. Finally, pending experiments and possible research directions using this model and test facility are outlined.

Mckillip, Robert M., Jr.↗