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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,045 records · Page 58

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRS2002

Space Operations Analysis Using the Synergistic Engineering Environment

The Synergistic Engineering Environment has been under development at the NASA Langley Research Center to aid in the understanding of the operations of spacecraft. This is accomplished through the integration of multiple data sets, analysis tools, spacecraft geometric models, and a visualization environment to create an interactive virtual simulation of the spacecraft. Initially designed to support the needs of the International Space Station, the SEE has broadened the scope to include spacecraft ranging from low-earth orbit to deep space missions. Analysis capabilities within the SEE include rigid body dynamics, kinematics, orbital mechanics, and payload operations. This provides the user the ability to perform real-time interactive engineering analyses in areas including flight attitudes and maneuvers, visiting vehicle docking scenarios, robotic operations, plume impingement, field of view obscuration, and alternative assembly configurations. The SEE has been used to aid in the understanding of several operational procedures related to the International Space Station. This paper will address the capabilities of the first build of the SEE, present several use cases of the SEE, and discuss the next build of the SEE.

Angster, Scott↗

NASA NTRS2005

Real-Time Aerodynamic Flow and Data Visualization in an Interactive Virtual Environment

Significant advances have been made to non-intrusive flow field diagnostics in the past decade. Camera based techniques are now capable of determining physical qualities such as surface deformation, surface pressure and temperature, flow velocities, and molecular species concentration. In each case, extracting the pertinent information from the large volume of acquired data requires powerful and efficient data visualization tools. The additional requirement for real time visualization is fueled by an increased emphasis on minimizing test time in expensive facilities. This paper will address a capability titled LiveView3D, which is the first step in the development phase of an in depth, real time data visualization and analysis tool for use in aerospace testing facilities.

Schwartz, Richard J.↗

NASA NTRS2008

Helios Prototype Vehicle Mishap: Technical Findings, Recommendations, and Lessons Learned

Instability associated with the Helios Prototype HPO3-2 vehicle was a nonlinear stability and control problem involving complex interactions among the flexible structure, the unsteady aerodynamics, the flight control system, the environmental conditions, and vehicle flight dynamics. Analysis tools and solution techniques were constrained by conventional and segmented linear methodologies that did not provide the proper level of complexity to understand the technology interactions on the vehicle s stability and control characteristics. More advanced, multidisciplinary (structures, aeroelastic, aerodynamics, atmospheric, materials, propulsion, controls, etc) "time-domain" analysis methods appropriate to highly flexible, "morphing" vehicles are required. Ground-test procedures and techniques appropriate to this class of vehicle are needed to validate new analysis methods and predictions

DelFrate, John H.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Innovations in Continuous Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composites and Evaluation for Space Applications

The goals of NASA’s Thermoplastic Development for Exploration Applications (TDEA) Project include and assessment of thermoplastic composite joints for space structures by developing and maturing design capabilities, analysis tools and techniques, and manufacturing processes for thermoplastic composites. Through this effort the TDEA project will expand NASA’s in-house thermoplastic composite manufacturing capabilities, develop an understanding of advanced thermoplastic joining techniques relevant to space environments, evaluate the feasibility of reconfigurable composite structures, and advance structural analysis capabilities, including failure prediction of thermoplastic composites including joints. This presentation will provide an overview of the materials and manufacturing effort within the TDEA project. Three semi-crystalline and one amorphous thermoplastic composite system were selected for initial screening and provided an opportunity to gain manufacturing experience across a range of processing temperatures, rheological behavior, and composite properties. Equivalency to the National Center for Advanced Materials Performance (NCAMP) test report for Toray’s TC1225 material was established to provide confidence in in-house manufacturing and material properties were generated through baseline mechanical tests for each material. Material characterization data was generated for a subset of materials to (1) provide data for analysis and model development and (2) generate thermal, rheological and conductivity data across relevant temperatures. A key objective of the TDEA project is evaluation of thermoplastic composite joining processes suitable for in-space operations. This presentation will outline the project’s progress in fusion bonding candidate materials by common welding techniques to assess the quality, reproducibility and strength of the bond, as well as identify limitations to in-space manufacturing. The feasibility of joint disassembly and reassembly will be discussed.

thermoplastic composite↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Manufacture, Characterization, and Fusion Welding of Thermoplastic Composites for Space Applications

The goals of NASA’s Thermoplastic Development for Exploration Applications (TDEA) Project include an assessment of thermoplastic composite joints for space structures by developing and maturing design capabilities, analysis tools and techniques, and manufacturing processes for thermoplastic composites. Through this effort the TDEA project will expand NASA’s in-house thermoplastic composite manufacturing capabilities, develop an understanding of advanced thermoplastic joining techniques relevant to space environments, evaluate the feasibility of reconfigurable composite structures, and advance structural analysis capabilities. This presentation will provide an overview of the materials and manufacturing effort within the TDEA project. Three semi-crystalline and one amorphous thermoplastic composite materials were selected for initial screening and provided an opportunity to gain manufacturing experience across a range of processing temperatures, rheological behavior, and composite properties. Equivalency to the National Center for Advanced Materials Performance (NCAMP) test report for Toray’s TC1225 material was established to provide confidence in in-house manufacturing and material properties were generated through baseline mechanical tests for each material. Material characterization data was generated for a subset of materials to (1) provide data for analysis and model development and (2) generate thermal, rheological and conductivity data across relevant temperatures. A key objective of the TDEA project is evaluation of thermoplastic composite joining processes suitable for in-space operations. This presentation will outline the project’s progress in fusion bonding of candidate materials to assess the quality, reproducibility and strength of the bond, as well as identify limitations to in-space manufacturing. The feasibility of joint disassembly and reassembly will be discussed.

thermoplastic composite↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Manufacture, Characterization, and Fusion Welding of Thermoplastic Composites for Space Applications

thermoplastic composite↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Manufacture, Characterization, and Fusion Welding of Thermoplastic Composites for Space Applications

thermoplastic composite↗

NASA NTRS1989

Application of HOST technology to the SSME HPFTP blade

The development of turbine blade analysis tools as they moved from research contracts under the NASA HOST (Hot Section Technology) program to a PC-based system for preliminary design and to use in evaluating the SSME HPFTP (Space Shuttle Main Engine High Pressure Fuel Turbo Pump) blade is discussed. The heat transfer and structural analysis of the blade, the development of a data base for constitutive modeling of the blade materials, including coatings, and the use of advanced nonlinear finite element methods are addressed.

Mcknight, R. L.↗

NASA NTRS2009

Scientific Benefits of Space Science Models Archiving at Community Coordinated Modeling Center

The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) hosts a set of state-of-the-art space science models ranging from the solar atmosphere to the Earth's upper atmosphere. CCMC provides a web-based Run-on-Request system, by which the interested scientist can request simulations for a broad range of space science problems. To allow the models to be driven by data relevant to particular events CCMC developed a tool that automatically downloads data from data archives and transform them to required formats. CCMC also provides a tailored web-based visualization interface for the model output, as well as the capability to download the simulation output in portable format. CCMC offers a variety of visualization and output analysis tools to aid scientists in interpretation of simulation results. During eight years since the Run-on-request system became available the CCMC archived the results of almost 3000 runs that are covering significant space weather events and time intervals of interest identified by the community. The simulation results archived at CCMC also include a library of general purpose runs with modeled conditions that are used for education and research. Archiving results of simulations performed in support of several Modeling Challenges helps to evaluate the progress in space weather modeling over time. We will highlight the scientific benefits of CCMC space science model archive and discuss plans for further development of advanced methods to interact with simulation results.

Kuznetsova, Maria M.↗

NASA NTRS1993

IGES transformer and NURBS in grid generation

In the field of Grid Generation and the CAD/CAM, there are numerous geometry output formats which require the designer to spend a great deal of time manipulating geometrical entities in order to achieve a useful sculptured geometrical description for grid generation. Also in this process, there is a danger of losing fidelity of the geometry under consideration. This stresses the importance of a standard geometry definition for the communication link between varying CAD/CAM and grid system. The IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification) file is a widely used communication between CAD/CAM and the analysis tools. The scientists at NASA Research Centers - including NASA Ames, NASA Langley, NASA Lewis, NASA Marshall - have recognized this importance and, therefore, in 1992 they formed the committee of the 'NASA-IGES' which is the subset of the standard IGES. This committee stresses the importance and encourages the CFD community to use the standard IGES file for the interface between the CAD/CAM and CFD analysis. Also, two of the IGES entities -- the NURBS Curve (Entity 126) and NURBS Surface (Entity 128) -- which have many useful geometric properties -- like the convex hull property, local control property and affine invariance, also widely utilized analytical geometries can be accurately represented using NURBS. This is important in today grid generation tools because of the emphasis of the interactive design. To satisfy the geometry transformation between the CAD/CAM system and Grid Generation field, the CAGI (Computer Aided Geometry Design) developed, which include the Geometry Transformation, Geometry Manipulation and Geometry Generation as well as the user interface. This paper will present the successful development IGES file transformer and application of NURBS definition in the grid generation.

Yu, Tzu-Yi↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

An Integrated Recursive Framework for Arbitrarily Multiscale and Multi-fidelity Modeling

The NASA Multiscale Analysis Tool (NAMSAT) serves as a state-of-the-art, “plug and play,” massively multiscale modeling (M3) platform for hierarchical materials and structures. The development of NASMAT has focused on modularity, upgradability and maintainability, interoperability, and utility. Application Program Interfaces (APIs) have been developed to facilitate the integration NASMAT into other programs (commercial, research, and user-defined) as well as the integration of other codes into NASMAT. NASMAT is an integrated, recursive platform that seamlessly allows for an arbitrary number of scales, and a variety of modeling fidelity, in a single, non-linear analysis. Thus, the macroscopic response of a material can be directly linked to the behavior of the microstructure(s), including subscale defects, making it a suitable tool for integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) because . Examples using NASMAT for simulation of polycrystalline metals at elevated temperatures will be presented.

Multiscale Modeling↗

DOE OSTI2024

An open source knowledge graph ecosystem for the life sciences

Translational research requires data at multiple scales of biological organization. Advancements in sequencing and multi-omics technologies have increased the availability of these data, but researchers face significant integration challenges. Knowledge graphs (KGs) are used to model complex phenomena, and methods exist to construct them automatically. However, tackling complex biomedical integration problems requires flexibility in the way knowledge is modeled. Moreover, existing KG construction methods provide robust tooling at the cost of fixed or limited choices among knowledge representation models. PheKnowLator (Phenotype Knowledge Translator) is a semantic ecosystem for automating the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) construction of ontologically grounded KGs with fully customizable knowledge representation. The ecosystem includes KG construction resources (e.g., data preparation APIs), analysis tools (e.g., SPARQL endpoint resources and abstraction algorithms), and benchmarks (e.g., prebuilt KGs). We evaluated the ecosystem by systematically comparing it to existing open-source KG construction methods and by analyzing its computational performance when used to construct 12 different large-scale KGs. With flexible knowledge representation, PheKnowLator enables fully customizable KGs without compromising performance or usability.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

DOE OSTI2020

Holistic Measurement Driven Resilience: Combining Operational Fault and Failure Measurements and Fault Injection for Quantifying Fault Detection, Propagation and Impact. Final report

For HPC systems to date, application resilience to faults and failures has been accomplished by the brute- force method of checkpoint/restart, which allows an application to make forward progress in the face of system and application faults, errors, and failures independent of root cause or end result. It has remained the primary resilience mechanism because we lack a way to identify faults and anticipate consequences early enough to take meaningful mitigating action. However, checkpoint/restart implementations put a tremendous burden on system resources and on the applications themselves and is becoming less feasible at scale. Because we have not yet operated at scales at which checkpoint/restart fails to provide forward progress, despite increasing costs, vendors have had little motivation to provide the instrumentation necessary for early identification of faults and failures. However, as we move from petascale to exascale, component mean time to failure (MTTF) will render the existing techniques ineffectual and/or too expensive. Furthermore, fault recovery mechanisms such as failover and/or error correction introduce performance inconsistency. Instrumentation allowing early indication of problems and tools to enable use of such information by systems, operating systems, and applications offer an alternative, more scalable and less costly solution. In the HMDR project, we built on our experience and expertise developed and accumulated over years of research on design, monitoring, measurement, and assessment of resilient computing systems. Analysis of field data on the current and past generations of extreme-scale systems revealed several challenges that, if not addressed in increasingly larger and more complex systems, may hinder the effectiveness of future exascale computing systems. Specifically, i) file systems and interconnects in current-generation large-scale systems already operate at the margins of resiliency, including consistent performance, and may not scale to larger deployments; ii) automated, software-based failover mechanisms are frequently inadequate and can introduce wider failures, such that failures during recovery may lead to system/application failures, including system-wide outages; and iii) silent data corruption represents a critical fault mode and will require efficient detection mechanisms if next-generation applications are to take full advantage of exascale hardware. To address the above challenges, we assembled a team of world-renowned experts in resilient extreme- scale computing from the University of Illinois (Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Science, and NCSA), SNL, LANL, NERSC, and Cray. Our team includes representatives from centers that house many of the largest HPC resources in the world, both today and over the coming years. The team has a unique track record of research in i) system and application failure characterization based on the analysis of field data, ii) data-driven design of fault/error detection mechanisms, and iii) experimental characterization of system/application resiliency. The team includes system owners/operators who provide continuous data collection and access and ensure installation of appropriate analysis tools.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2022

TRUST Nonlinear Dynamics (ND) Report: FY22

The objective of the Delivery Environments (DE) Testbeds to Reduce Uncertainty in Simulations and Tests (TRUST) work package, is to quantify and help increase confidence in specific areas of computational and experimental capabilities that are applicable to current and future delivery environments. More complete quantification of confidence in experimental and computational capabilities and the sufficient increase of confidence in those capabilities is critical to improving weapons engineering design, qualification, and assessment efforts that are relevant to the current and future stockpile. This work will use and provide feedback on analysis tools and experimental results databases for efficient and responsive engineering which are currently under development: engineering common model framework (ECMF), engineering quantification of margins and uncertainties (EQMU), and the test information management system (TIMS). Additionally, this work is being used to test a newly available framework in W-13, Weapons Analysis for Verified Engineering Simulation (WAVES).

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗

DOE OSTI2022

LoVoCCS. I. Survey Introduction, Data Processing Pipeline, and Early Science Results

We present the Local Volume Complete Cluster Survey (LoVoCCS; we pronounce it as "low-vox" or "law-vox," with stress on the second syllable), an NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory survey program that uses the Dark Energy Camera to map the dark matter distribution and galaxy population in 107 nearby (0.03 < z < 0.12) X-ray luminous ([0.1–2.4 keV] L X500 > 10 44 erg s –1 ) galaxy clusters that are not obscured by the Milky Way. The survey will reach Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Year 1–2 depth (for galaxies r = 24.5, i = 24.0, signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 20; u = 24.7, g = 25.3, z = 23.8, S/N > 10) and conclude in ~2023 (coincident with the beginning of LSST science operations), and will serve as a zeroth-year template for LSST transient studies. We process the data using the LSST Science Pipelines that include state-of-the-art algorithms and analyze the results using our own pipelines, and therefore the catalogs and analysis tools will be compatible with the LSST. We demonstrate the use and performance of our pipeline using three X-ray luminous and observation-time complete LoVoCCS clusters: A3911, A3921, and A85. A3911 and A3921 have not been well studied previously by weak lensing, and we obtain similar lensing analysis results for A85 to previous studies.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

NASA NTRS2003

Incorporation of Electrical Systems Models Into an Existing Thermodynamic Cycle Code

Integration of entire system includes: Fuel cells, motors, propulsors, thermal/power management, compressors, etc. Use of existing, pre-developed NPSS capabilities includes: 1) Optimization tools; 2) Gas turbine models for hybrid systems; 3) Increased interplay between subsystems; 4) Off-design modeling capabilities; 5) Altitude effects; and 6) Existing transient modeling architecture. Other factors inclde: 1) Easier transfer between users and groups of users; 2) General aerospace industry acceptance and familiarity; and 3) Flexible analysis tool that can also be used for ground power applications.

Freeh, Josh↗

NASA NTRS2006

User-Defined Material Model for Progressive Failure Analysis

An overview of different types of composite material system architectures and a brief review of progressive failure material modeling methods used for structural analysis including failure initiation and material degradation are presented. Different failure initiation criteria and material degradation models are described that define progressive failure formulations. These progressive failure formulations are implemented in a user-defined material model (or UMAT) for use with the ABAQUS/Standard1 nonlinear finite element analysis tool. The failure initiation criteria include the maximum stress criteria, maximum strain criteria, the Tsai-Wu failure polynomial, and the Hashin criteria. The material degradation model is based on the ply-discounting approach where the local material constitutive coefficients are degraded. Applications and extensions of the progressive failure analysis material model address two-dimensional plate and shell finite elements and three-dimensional solid finite elements. Implementation details and use of the UMAT subroutine are described in the present paper. Parametric studies for composite structures are discussed to illustrate the features of the progressive failure modeling methods that have been implemented.

Knight, Norman F. Jr.↗

NASA NTRS2008

Factors Influencing Progressive Failure Analysis Predictions for Laminated Composite Structure

Progressive failure material modeling methods used for structural analysis including failure initiation and material degradation are presented. Different failure initiation criteria and material degradation models are described that define progressive failure formulations. These progressive failure formulations are implemented in a user-defined material model for use with a nonlinear finite element analysis tool. The failure initiation criteria include the maximum stress criteria, maximum strain criteria, the Tsai-Wu failure polynomial, and the Hashin criteria. The material degradation model is based on the ply-discounting approach where the local material constitutive coefficients are degraded. Applications and extensions of the progressive failure analysis material model address two-dimensional plate and shell finite elements and three-dimensional solid finite elements. Implementation details are described in the present paper. Parametric studies for laminated composite structures are discussed to illustrate the features of the progressive failure modeling methods that have been implemented and to demonstrate their influence on progressive failure analysis predictions.

Knight, Norman F., Jr.↗