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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,027 records · Page 57
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

A physician’s working group guides COVID-19 prevention in a mission critical environment

Background A team was assembled at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Johnson Space Center (JSC) to help navigate the shifting COVID-19 pandemic. Their goal was to mitigate the impact of COVID on astronauts, other essential personnel, and the human spaceflight program. This team supplemented the JSC Pandemic Incident Response Group, whose function is to set policy for the overall management of JSC’s COVID-19 mitigations for all onsite mission-essential and mission-critical activities, including health policy. Context The first mission to return to Earth from the International Space Station at the start of the pandemic returned when there was limited information about the transmission and prevention of COVID-19. The medical leadership at JSC determined that a dedicated team was required to navigate the uncharted waters of the pandemic. Description of Activities Issues tackled by this panel included: prevention of COVID-19 transmission during altitude, dive, and spacecraft training – activities that require prolonged close contact between multiple individuals who often cannot safely wear face masks; mitigating the risks of domestic and international travel for essential personnel; securing COVID-19 testing from local and foreign hospital systems; acquiring antigen and PCR analyzers for in-house testing; and the development of quarantine policies for crewed spacecraft launches and landings in Kazakhstan and the United States. The panel also provides clinical return-to-work guidance for cases of COVID-19 in essential personnel.

covid↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

GEO Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group

GEO is an international partnership of more than 100 national governments, 100 Participating Organizations and multiple Associate members working towards a future where decisions and actions for the benefit of humankind are informed by coordinated, comprehensive and sustained Earth observations.

David Borges↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Nuclear Electric Propulsion Brayton Power Conversion Working Fluid Considerations

NASA has considered Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) for high V missions since the late 1950’s, but the current technology readiness level of the requisite powertrain needs to be raised for such a mission. The powertrain includes reactor, power conversion, power management, electric propulsion, and thermal management components that must be integrated to minimize system (kg/kWe) and to finalize a propulsion system architecture within the 2025-2027 timeframe requires advancing these component technologies to technology readiness level (TRL) 5 and Advancement Degree of Difficulty (AD2) 3 in an expeditious manner with minimal risks. This paper will only address the power conversion (heat to electric) components of that system. Based on both internal and industry studies, a primary conclusion of this work is that a single-spool supercritical Xe-He radial flux Brayton heat engine combined with a permanent magnet synchronous alternator can potentially be developed with the least technical risk to meet the technology readiness schedule and required NEP system performance metrics.

Nuclear↗
NASA NTRS2022

m:N Working Group Status Report

This document reports on the status of the m:N working group including the barriers, sub-group status, DAA white paper and roadmapping exercise.

multi-vehicle control↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Hazard Perception and Avoidance (HPA): Technical Work Overview

This short presentation provides an overview of the technical work that has been performed, and is planned, under the Advanced Air Mobility project's Hazard Perception and Avoidance (HPA) technical area. The presentation starts with a brief overview of the HPA technical area. The brief then covers a recently-completed part task human-in-the-loop simulation and outlines a follow-on simulation that is planned for August. The next portion of the brief outlines HPA's flight test plans, including some details on the Integration of Automated Systems (IAS) flights planned for 2023. The presentation ends with a high level overview of the activies planned in the out years of the HPA project.

advance air mobility↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Hazard Perception and Avoidance (HPA) Technical Work Overview

This short presentation provides an overview of the technical work that has been performed, and is planned, under the Advanced Air Mobility project's Hazard Perception and Avoidance (HPA) technical area. The presentation starts with a brief overview of the HPA technical area. The brief then covers a recently-completed part task human-in-the-loop simulation and outlines a follow-on simulation that is planned for August. The next portion of the brief outlines HPA's flight test plans, including some details on the Integration of Automated Systems (IAS) flights planned for 2023. The presentation ends with a high level overview of the activies planned in the out years of the HPA project.

advanced air mobility↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA Earth Exchange – Current overview of climate and wildfire-oriented works

NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) combines state-of-the-art supercomputing, Earth system modeling, and NASA remote sensing data feeds to deliver a work environment for exploring and analyzing petabyte-scale datasets covering large regions, continents, or the globe. As an accessible platform, NEX can accelerate fundamental research, develop new applications, and reduce overall project costs by providing the research community with data, software, and high-end computing power. Two research thrusts for the NEX community are developing and distributing the NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 downscaled climate dataset and the community-driven wildfire research. NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 dataset is comprised of global downscaled climate scenarios derived from the General Circulation Model (GCM) runs conducted under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and across two of the four “Tier 1” greenhouse gas emissions scenarios known as Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). The wildfire research thrust leverages geostationary and low earth orbit remote sensing platforms and advanced modeling (WRF). We present a high-level overview of the NEX community, discuss relevant datasets and show several visualization techniques of data used in the wildfire research activity.

NEX↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

A Study of the Curation Protocol by Sample Analysis Working Team (SAWT) in Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) Project

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch a spacecraft in 2024 for a sample return mission from Phobos (Martian Moons eXploration: MMX). The major scientific goals of MMX are to constrain (1) the origin of Phobos and Deimos and (2) the evolution of the Mars-moon system [1]. The touchdown operations are planned to be performed twice at different landing sites on the Phobos surface to collect > 10 g of the surface materials [2]. After the return to the Earth, the Phobos samples will be collected from the individual sample canisters and introduced to the clean chamber installed at ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science). The Sample Analysis Working Team (SAWT) of MMX designed the procedure of Phobos sample analysis mainly conducted by the initial analysis teams [3]. For the next step, the SAWT will define the procedure of the curation process (mostly non-destructive analysis) of the Phobos samples, which will be presented here. The protocols of the Phobos sample curation is illustrated in figure 1. First, the headspace gas from the sample container will be collected during the Quick Analysis phase. The Quick Analysis will be operated by the sampler and curation teams in ISAS/JAXA. The terrestrial leak and contamination from the sampling systems will be tested using a quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with a gas sampling system. Second, the bulk Phobos sample will be observed in the clean chamber under purified-N2 gas with an ambient condition (Pre-basic Characterization). This phase will be operated by the curation team in ISAS/JAXA and the instrument team of the MMX mission. The consistency between the data from the instruments in the clean chamber and the spacecraft will then be evaluated. Subsequently, the curation will distribute the small amount of Phobos samples to the Initial analysis team of MMX to conduct the "Preliminary Examination". The objectives of the preliminary examination are to provide (1) feedback on the subsequent sample allocation process, (2) preliminary scientific results that will address parts of MMX mission goals, and (3) evaluation of the sampling system and terrestrial alteration on Phobos samples. Because multiple models are proposed for the origin of Phobos [1] (e.g., giant impact, the capture of asteroids), the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of Phobos must be assessed before the allocation of the samples to the individual initial analysis teams. Simultaneously, the curation team in JAXA will observe the individual grains and aliquots of the samples in the clean chamber (Basic Characterization).

R Fukai↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Making Better Use of Satellite Data: The Satellite Needs Working Group

The U.S. Group on Earth Observations (USGEO) initiated in 2016 the Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) to identify and communicate the Earth observation needs of U.S. federal agencies. The SNWG identifies such needs through a biennial survey followed by interviews and follow-up discussions by the satellite Earth data providers of the U.S. Government: the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Solutions and services are identified that leverage current or upcoming satellite missions to meet the identified needs; implementation of services that are estimated to significantly increase the level of satisfaction of multiple U.S. agencies are funded by NASA. The SNWG process has resulted in the implementation of numerous services that have impacted operations of not only U.S. agencies but of academic and international institutions as well. Notable examples include the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 project that leverages European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA satellite assets to generate a global, analysis-ready, surface reflectance product with a temporal resolution of two days; the Airborne Data Management Group that curates and provides access to relevant resources, information and data from existing and past NASA field campaigns; and the Dynamic Surface Water Extent product which consists of harmonized but independent water extents derived from both from optical and radar data. These and other products are hosted at the NASA Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs) for free and open access. The SNWG Management Office at NASA’s Interagency Implementation and Advanced Concepts Team (IMPACT) manages the implementation of selected solutions and, importantly, NASA’s response to the needs of federal agencies through a Stakeholder Engagement Program. The impact of implemented services and solutions is hampered without efforts to build capacity around the use of the services. The Stakeholder Engagement Program ensures relevant training and outreach to SNWG agencies in collaboration with each solution implementation team.

remote sensing↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA Langley Research Center Contributions to the 3rd AePW High-Speed Working Group - HyMAX Computational Aeroelastic Predictions

This presentation is given at the 3rd AePW High-Speed Working Group co-located at the AIAA 2023 SciTech Conference. It is a computation study of the UNSW Canberra HyMAX hypersonic flexible plate experiment. The computations are performed with the FUN3D aeroelastic CFD code. Analysis of a 2 and 10 degree turning angle cases are done. The Mach number is 5.8. The unsteady pressures and displacements and damping of the structure are presented.

Hypersonics↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

3rd Aeroelastic Prediction Workshop (AePW-3) Flight Test Working Group

- Introduction - Background - X-56 Body Freedom Flutter Mechanism - Challenges in X-56 Flutter Modeling - Flight Test Working Group Challenge - Individual Presentations - Steve Massey - Jos Aalbers - Jared Grauer - Jeffrey Ouellette - Combined Results - Discussion

Jeffrey Ouellette↗
NASA NTRS2023

Space Biology Beyond LEO Instrumentation & Science Series Science Working Group 2022 Annual Report

Humans are poised to explore deep space: the realm of space beyond Earth's orbit. NASA will soon send humans back to the Moon with the Artemis program, and is developing programs to support crewed missions to Mars. Human exploration of such new environments demands fundamental research that can provide the knowledge necessary to ensure the safety of explorers and aid in the development of a sustainable presence in space. Accordingly, the Agency's Moon to Mars objectives1 include three goals in the area of Human Biological Sciences (HBS-1, -2, -3), with the aim to "Advance understanding of how biology responds to the environments of the Moon, Mars, and deep space to advance fundamental knowledge, support safe, productive human space missions and reduce risks for future exploration." Advancing this understanding is a task that is both complex-- comprising diverse organisms, processes, and methods-- and difficult-- because the very aspects of deep space that we strive to understand are the aspects that make it hard to conduct research in that environment. This report of the Beyond LEO Instrumentation & Science Series Science Working Group (BLISS-SWG) represents input from a group of scientists from diverse disciplines within the space biology research and engineering community on the nature of the science and technology that can be used to achieve those aims.

Space Biology↗
NASA NTRS2023

Launch Complex 39B, SWMU 009 Air Sparging System Expansion Implementation Work Plan Kennedy Space Center, Florida

This Implementation Work Plan (IWP) for expansion of the Air Sparging (AS) system at Launch Complex 39B (LC39B), presents the design and coordination specifics to expand the existing AS Interim Measure (IM) at LC39B located at Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida. The existing AS system at LC39B was installed in 2017 and included 279 AS wells. LC39B has been designated as Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) 009 under the KSC Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Corrective Action Program. Expansion of the AS IM will include installation of an additional five AS wells to depths of approximately 13 and 17 feet below land surface (bls) to remediate contaminated groundwater identified northwest of the launch pad, near the liquid oxygen (LOX) tank. The expansion will target concentrations of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) greater than Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) Natural Attenuation Default Concentrations (NADCs) that were identified during direct push technology (DPT) sampling events between 2019-2022 in shallow intervals between 8 and 16 feet bls. The objective for this expansion is to remediate contaminated groundwater within the treatment zone to below NADCs to support transition to monitored natural attenuation (MNA) through a long-term monitoring (LTM) program. This expansion will treat approximately 0.07-acres of residual groundwater contamination. The IWP design for this expansion will utilize the existing AS system trailer that is already onsite and operating. The five new AS expansion wells will be integrated into the existing Zone Z4 distribution manifold to deliver compressed air to the new AS wells. To deliver airflow, three existing lateral lines will be split in the field at a lateral split junction point (using 2-way or 3-way splits). Each split lateral will supply air to AS wells at the same depth interval to minimize preferential pathways. The trenching layout for the new AS wells was developed to minimize ground disturbance due to the amount of utilities in the area. One new monitoring well will also be installed and added to LC39B’s performance monitoring program to evaluate the effectiveness of the AS system expansion. This well will be sampled on a semi-annual basis for volatile organic compounds, with results evaluated to determine if system adjustments may be required. The main components of this IWP were presented to the KSC Remediation Team (KSCRT) at the October 2022 Meeting (Meeting 2210-M05). DPT delineation data from the LOX area were also presented, which included some inferred boundaries due to physical restrictions of the LOX tank and associated concrete pad and infrastructure. Planned monitoring well sampling in this area will help determine if back-diffusion may be occurring from beneath the pad. Additionally, based on potential petroleum odors and staining identified at two DPT locations during the January 2022 DPT event in the 10-16 feet bls range, a KSCRT action item was assigned during the October 2022 meeting to collect soil samples for petroleum compounds if similar odors or staining are identified during IM implementation. Construction completion and performance monitoring will be incorporated into LC39B’s groundwater monitoring reports, which are currently submitted on an annual basis to FDEP to document operation and maintenance activities and results from the AS IM.

Deborah M. Wilson↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

FLASHFlux Working Group Status: Assessing FF NOAA-20 Products and Future Upgrades

The CERES Fast Longwave and SHortwave radiative Flux working provides low latency data products from the CERES measurements within about 5-6 days of real time. This presentation reviews progress made toward evaluating the current data products and shows some examples of users for the instantaneous and daily averaged data products. In this presentation the comparisons to surface surface measurements are made through June 2023. Also, we preview some new results for replacing current algorithms with neural net model trained on the new CERES CRS data products. Lastly, present update plans for the next 9 months.

radiation budget↗
NASA NTRS2023

Creating a Fully-Electronic GFE Work Authorization Document Process for JSC

JSC’s Electronic Document System (EDS) was published in 2013 by SMA to store and process Task Performance Sheets (TPS), Discrepancy Reports (DR), Hardware Movement Documents (EZT), etc. The 2013 transition turned a fully paper process into an electronic routing one with document level electronic approvals but maintained an in-line paper process . - Today, all work and buy-offs continue to be captured on paper, walked between buildings, and is susceptible to approval errors, a rapidly slowing processing time, and led to projects requesting waivers to use alternate WAD systems, damaging JSC’s QMS. - NT Data Systems team collaborated with multiple platform providers, test user groups, and stakeholders, to find a solution for this growing need in a way that exceeds JSC’s current process, is adaptable to future innovation, and within our limited resource constraints

Nicholas Holaday↗