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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,009 records · Page 56
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1987

Activation of a controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) breadboard facility - Wheat growth studies

NASA's Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) will include subsystems for biomass production, food processing, and waste management in space. This paper discusses the CELSS Breadboard program, which is a research project for integration and evaluation of concepts and techniques of the CELSS facility, with special attention given to the Biomass Production Chamber (BPC). The design of the BPC and of its subsystems for nutrient delivery, atmospheric control, and computer control are discussed together with the subsystem control and monitoring parameter requirements. Results from preliminary wheat-growth tests in the BPC are included.

Knott, William M.↗
NASA NTRS1994

ELISA, a demonstrator environment for information systems architecture design

This paper describes an approach of reusability of software engineering technology in the area of ground space system design. System engineers have lots of needs similar to software developers: sharing of a common data base, capitalization of knowledge, definition of a common design process, communication between different technical domains. Moreover system designers need to simulate dynamically their system as early as possible. Software development environments, methods and tools now become operational and widely used. Their architecture is based on a unique object base, a set of common management services and they host a family of tools for each life cycle activity. In late '92, CNES decided to develop a demonstrative software environment supporting some system activities. The design of ground space data processing systems was chosen as the application domain. ELISA (Integrated Software Environment for Architectures Specification) was specified as a 'demonstrator', i.e. a sufficient basis for demonstrations, evaluation and future operational enhancements. A process with three phases was implemented: system requirements definition, design of system architectures models, and selection of physical architectures. Each phase is composed of several activities that can be performed in parallel, with the provision of Commercial Off the Shelves Tools. ELISA has been delivered to CNES in January 94, currently used for demonstrations and evaluations on real projects (e.g. SPOT4 Satellite Control Center). It is on the way of new evolutions.

Panem, Chantal↗
NASA NTRS2004

Coordination of Mars Orbiting Assets to Support Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL) Activities

NASA policy requires continuous telecommunications with missions during the execution of their critical events, which implies constraints on where missions to other planets may land or inject into orbit. JPL is working to establish a telecommunications network at Mars to provide contact with inbound missions to Mars and assets that have landed on the Martian surface, thus reducing the constraints on where critical events may be performed. Coordination of network assets is required to cover an inbound mission's critical event, such as EDL. This paper describes the development of a tool to evaluate EDL coverage capability of Mars network assets over a specified launch date/arrival date space.

Mars Network↗
NASA NTRS2010

NASA's Planned Fuel Cell Development Activities for 2009 and Beyond in Support of the Exploration Vision

NASA s Energy Storage Project is one of many technology development efforts being implemented as part of the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP), under the auspices of the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD). The Energy Storage Project is a focused technology development effort to advance lithium-ion battery and proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technologies to meet the specific power and energy storage needs of NASA Exploration missions. The fuel cell portion of the project has as its focus the development of both primary fuel cell power systems and regenerative fuel cell (RFC) energy storage systems, and is led by the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) in partnership with the Johnson Space Center (JSC), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), academia, and industrial partners. The development goals are to improve stack electrical performance, reduce system mass and parasitic power requirements, and increase system life and reliability.

Hoberecht, Mark A.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Approach to In Situ Component Level Electronics Assembly Repair (CLEAR) for Constellation

Maintenance resupply is a significant issue for long duration space missions. Currently, the International Space Station (ISS) approaches maintenance primarily around replaceable modules called Orbital Replacement Units (ORU). While swapping out ORUs has served the ISS well keeping crew time for maintenance to a minimum, this approach assumes a substantial logistics capacity to provide replacement ORUs and return ORUs to Earth for repair. The ORUs used for ISS require relatively large blocks of replacement hardware even though the actual failed component may be several orders of magnitude smaller. The Component Level Electronics Assembly Repair (CLEAR) task was created to explore electronics repair down to the component level for future space missions. From 2006 to 2009, CLEAR was an activity under the Supportability project of the Exploration Technology Development Program. This paper describes the activities of CLEAR including making a case for component-level electronics repair, examination of current terrestrial repair hardware, and potential repair needs. Based on those needs, the CLEAR team proposes an architecture for an in-situ repair capability aboard a spacecraft or habitat. Additionally, this paper discusses recent progress toward developing in-space repair capabilities--including two spaceflight experiments-- and presents technology concepts which could help enable or benefit the same.

Struk, Peter M.↗
NASA NTRS2019

How Do UTLS Jet and Tropopause Dynamics Influence Ozone Variability? Investigations Supporting the SPARC OCTAV-UTLS Activity

Understanding changes in UTLS ozone is exceptionally challenging because of large spatial and temporal variability and because of the difficulty of satellite measurements in the UTLS. It is also exceptionally important: for example, to understand climate impacts of radiatively active substances and to understand physical and biological effects of pollution transport and stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE). Multi-decadal global observations of UTLS ozone are now available from numerous satellite platforms, as well as local and regional observations from aircraft, balloons, and lidar. The upper tropospheric (UT) jets and tropopauses are important drivers of composition variability in the UTLS, acting as transport barriers and controlling STE and long-range transport. We report here on investigations of relationships between extratropical UTLS ozone variability and dynamical diagnostics of mixing / transport barriers, Rossby Wave breaking, and stratosphere-troposphere exchange. We will view these relationships in the context of ozone mapped into dynamical coordinates with respect to the UTLS jets and / or the tropopause. This work will help provide direction for analyses within the Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) Observed Composition Trends and Variability in the UTLS (OCTAV-UTLS) activity, which aims to use dynamical coordinate mapping to help detect and attribute observed UTLS composition trends, and to project future data needs to better quantify those trends. The work we report on here will focus on satellite ozone observations (primarily from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder, additionally from ACE-FTS and OSIRIS) and assimilated ozone and dynamical fields (from multiple reanalyses); we will also provide some examples of comparisons with aircraft and balloon observations.

Manney, Gloria L.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Coordination of Mars orbiting assets to support entry, descent, and landing (EDL) activities

NASA policy requires continuous telecommunications with missions during the execution of their critical events, which implies constraints on where missions to other planets may land or inject into orbit. JPL is working to establish a telecommunications network at Mars to provide contact with inbound missions to Mars and assets that have landed on the Martian surface, thus reducing the constraints on where critical events may be performed.

Craig, Lynn↗
DOE OSTI2025

Co-Located Wave Energy Converter (WEC) and Aquaculture System Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography includes references that could aid in the design of a co-located WEC and aquaculture system off the coast of Guam. The breadth of this work covers multiple co-location archetypes such as: 1. WEC seawater desalination system a) Nearshore and deepwater WEC deployment b) Onshore and offshore aquaculture 2. WEC powering an offshore aquaculture platform a) Nearshore or deepwater WEC deployment 3. WEC powering an onshore aquaculture system a) Nearshore WEC deployment 4. Wave powered seawater pump a) Nearshore WEC deployment b) Onshore aquaculture There are two archetypes that may be of immediate interest to the community in Guam are to service the existing Fadian Hatchery (Mangilao) and to support freshwater aquaculture activities. First, the seawater pump at the hatchery that fills the facility’s seawater storage unit is broken. A nearshore seawater pumping WEC could be a solution to this issue. In addition, due to the high frequency of typhoons/extreme conditions and the island’s bathymetry, the likelihood of community support for an offshore aquaculture platform or WEC deployed in deepwater is low. Proactive and resilient solutions not just for power, but for freshwater are of interest as well to support any freshwater aquaculture activities. Therefore, a nearshore WEC desalination system is another archetype to consider.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
NASA NTRS1999

Final Report

This multi-year grant partially supported the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data analysis and related activities of three Guest Investigators (Prof. Dan Clemens, Prof. Thomas Bania, and Prof. James Jackson) at Boston University for ten distinct ISO investigations. Support under this grant covered "Years 1 & 2" of the ISO activities at Boston University. "Year 3" activities support is currently in force under a separate JPL contract, with Prof. James Jackson as the Block Grant PI; "Year 4" support has been requested from JPL and that proposal is currently pending.

Clemens, Dan↗
DOE OSTI2022

Ce x Zr 1– x O 2 -Supported CrO x Catalysts for CO 2 -Assisted Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane–Probing the Active Sites and Strategies for Enhanced Stability

CO 2 -assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (CO 2 -ODH) represents an attractive approach for propylene production and CO 2 utilization. As a soft oxidant, CO 2 can minimize overoxidation of the hydrocarbons to enhance the propylene selectivity while increasing the equilibrium yield. However, a major challenge of CO 2 -ODH is the rapid deactivation of the catalysts. The current study focuses on designing Ce x Zr 1–x O 2 -mixed oxide-supported CrO x catalysts for CO 2 -ODH with enhanced product selectivity and catalyst stability. By doping 0–30% Ce in the Ce x Zr 1–x O 2 mixed oxide support, propane conversion of 53–79% was achieved at 600 °C, with propylene selectivity up to 82%. Compared to the pure ZrO 2 -supported catalyst (i.e., 5 wt %Cr/ZrO 2 ), 20–30 %Ce doped catalysts (i.e., 5 wt %Cr/Ce 0.2 Zr 0.8 O 2 and 5 wt %Cr/Ce 0.3 Zr 0.7 O 2 ) inhibited the formation of CH 4 and ethylene and improved propylene selectivity from 57 to 77–82%. Detailed characterizations of the 5%Cr/Ce 0.2 Zr 0.8 O 2 catalyst and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that Cr 3+ is the active species during the CO 2 -ODH reaction, and the reaction follows a non-redox dehydrogenation pathway. Coke formation was determined to be the primary reason for catalyst deactivation, and the addition of Ce to the ZrO 2 support greatly enhanced the coke resistance, leading to superior stability. Furthermore, coke removal by oxidizing the catalyst in air is effective in restoring its activity.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS1995

Exploitation of rights from the US space program by NASA: Review of the process

The legal environment, and some observations on the policies, procedures, and practices developed and instituted by NASA with regard to the treatment of intellectual property rights arising out of NASA support, are presented. The allocation, protection, and exercise (or exploitation) of such rights are considered. Focus is on the exercise (or exploitation) of intellectual property rights in a manner that provides an incentive to achieve beneficial or commercial use by the private sector of technology resulting from the U.S. space program. While some emphasis is on matters unique to the U.S. space program, many of the policies, procedures, and practices supported research and development activities. The process of making the results of U.S. government supported research and development activities available to the private sector for beneficial or commercial use, whether or not subject to intellectual property rights protection, is commonly known as technology transfer. Consequently, the consideration of intellectual property rights is in the context of the broader technology transfer objectives of NASA.

Kempf, Robert↗
NASA NTRS1979

Helios missile support

This article reports on activities of the DSN Network Operations Organization in support of the Helios Project from 15 October through 15 December 1978.

Jensen, W. N.↗
NASA NTRS1981

On the coronae of rapidly rotating stars. II - A period-activity relation in G stars

Observational evidence supporting the contention that coronal activity in G stars obeys the same relation with angular velocity as that observed in RS CVn systems is presented. It is found, however, that the level of the quiescent coronal activity, as measured by the ratio of the X-ray luminosity to the bolometric luminosity, at a given angular velocity is approximately one order of magnitude lower in G stars than in the RS CVn systems. Data on additional K stars indicate that these stars are indistinguishable from the K components of RS CVn systems. No evidence is found that the surface gravity has any appreciable effect on the level of coronal activity. The observation that the ratio of the X-ray luminosity to the bolometric luminosity is directly proportional to the product of the angular velocity and some function of the depth of the convective zone is seen as supporting a dynamo mechanism for the generation of the stellar magnetic flux.

Walter, F. M.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Clacc: OpenACC for C/C++ in Clang

The Clacc project has developed OpenACC compiler, runtime, and profiling interface support for C/C++ by extending Clang and LLVM. A key Clacc design feature is that it translates OpenACC to OpenMP to leverage the OpenMP offloading support that is actively being developed for Clang and LLVM. A benefit of this design is support for two compilation modes: traditional compilation mode produces a binary, and source-to-source mode produces OpenMP source. Clacc has been deployed on Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s (ORNL’s) Frontier, on which Clacc is the only OpenACC implementation for C/C++. Clacc supports x86_64, POWER9, AMD GPUs, and NVIDIA GPUs. Clacc’s OpenACC profiling interface support has been integrated with TAU, which is also deployed on Frontier. While Clacc has always supported C as a base language, Clacc also has increasing C++ support, including support for Kokkos’s OpenACC back end. Clacc itself is hosted publicly on GitHub. In this paper, we describe Clacc’s design and mapping from OpenACC directives to OpenMP. We also present a performance evaluation on ORNL’s Frontier (AMD MI250x GPU offload) and Argonne National Laboratory’s (ANL’s) Polaris (NVIDIA A100 GPU offload) for various SPEC ACCEL and Kokkos OpenACC back end benchmarks.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
NASA NTRS1993

Mission and science activity scheduling language

To support the distributed and complex operational scheduling required for future National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, a formal, textual language, the Scheduling Applications Interface Language (SAIL), has been developed. Increased geographic dispersion of investigators is leading to distributed mission and science activity planning, scheduling, and operations. SAIL is an innovation which supports the effective and efficient communication of scheduling information among physically dispersed applications in distributed scheduling environments. SAIL offers a clear, concise, unambiguous expression of scheduling information in a readable, hardware independent format. The language concept, syntax, and semantics incorporate language features found useful during five years of research and prototyping with scheduling languages in physically distributed environments. SAIL allows concise specification of mission and science activity plans in a format which promotes repetition and reuse.

Hull, Larry G.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Active metal catalyst

A method of forming a catalyst is provided herein. The method comprises combining a binder, a support, and an active metal to form a slurry composition. The method further comprises applying the slurry composition using an additive manufacturing process to form a green part. The method further comprises exposing the green part to heat at a temperature of from about 10° C. to about 150° C. to form the hardened part. The method further comprises applying a ceramic-based coating material to the hardened part to form the catalyst.

Zhao, Xianhui↗