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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 991 records · Page 55
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Chemical Waste Landfill Annual Post-Closure Care Report Calendar Year 2016

The purpose of this CWL Annual Post-Closure Care Report is to document monitoring, inspection, maintenance, and repair activities conducted during CY 2016 in accordance with PCCP Attachment 1. This annual report documents post-closure care activities conducted from January through December 2016 and fulfills the PCCP requirement for annual reporting to the NMED. The PCCP requires monitoring, inspection, and maintenance/repair activities that must be documented and reported for each CY. Monitoring activities include semi-annual groundwater monitoring for specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and metals, and annual vadose zone soil-gas monitoring for specific VOCs. Inspection, maintenance, and repair activities are required for the following components: final cover (vegetation and surface); storm-water diversion structures; monitoring networks and sampling equipment (groundwater and soil-gas); and security fence, locks, gates, signage, and survey monuments. The CWL final cover is a vegetative at-grade soil cover, or ET Cover.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2018

Mid Atlantic CHP Technical Assistance Partnership (Final Technical Report)

The Mid Atlantic CHP Technical Assistance Partnership (MACHPTAP), managed by The Pennsylvania State University College of Engineering, served the six states in the Mid-Atlantic region (Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia) plus the District of Columbia. The objective of the Combined Heat and Power Technical Assistance Partnerships (CHP TAPs) was to provide essential support to continue the market development of CHP’s suite of technologies to further the installation of highly efficient and cost effective CHP. The MACHPTAP’s work included education and outreach as well as technical assistance to a variety of stakeholders including end-users (commercial, industrial, institutional and more), state decision makers, electric and gas utilities, trade associations and non-profit organizations. This assistance included evaluating the economic, energy, reliability and environmental value of proposed systems. The CHP TAPs represented multi-state regions and are the CHP experts in the region who provide fact-based, un-biased information on CHP, including technologies, project development, project financing, local electric and natural gas utility interfaces, and related State best practice policies. Specifically, the MACHPTAP objectives were accomplished through taskings in four specific areas: Technical Assistance to end Users which involved engaging potential end-users to identify, evaluate, and technically support prospective CHP projects; Engagement and Education of End Users where the MACHPTAP engaged and educated end users about CHP, its benefits, and DOE resources available, and strategically hosted or participated in webinars, workshops and conferences; Policymaker Education where the MACHPTAP hosted or participated in webinars, one-on-one meetings, workshops, and other forums; and Program Administration, Management and Reporting, which included monthly and quarterly reporting, program meetings and coordination of activities with other regional TAPs. Accomplishments in the four specific project areas included providing direct Technical Assistance to 289 prospective CHP end users, conducting or participating in 82 End User Education events and hosting or participating in 73 Policy Maker Education events. During the contract period, 107 CHP installations were commissioned in the Mid Atlantic region, with a total generation capacity of over 160 megawatts, with an additional 34 sites with a capacity of over 100 megawatts currently in the planning/design/construction phase. Programmatically, all monthly metrics reports and quarterly reports were submitted in a timely manner.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2019

Final Report – Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between National Energy Technology Laboratory and Solar Turbines Incorporated

The National Energy Technology Laboratory is developing the Raman Gas Analyzer (RGA) to be a fast, non-destructive instrument for on-line measurement of gas composition. The RGA prototype has been demonstrated to have an extremely fast response (<1 second) multi-gas analysis capability. All but the noble gases are Raman active, but Raman interaction is weak with gas phase substances. The RGA uses a reflectively lined capillary as the optical cell in a patented configuration, providing both a small sample volume for fast gas exchange, and a much greater Raman signal collection than traditional instrument configurations. This allows very fast measurement of fuel gases (hydrogen, methane, ethane, propane) as well as other common industrial gases (including CO, CO2, N2, O2, H2O). The RGA provides a new enabling technology for faster, smarter process control based on the chemical composition of the gases in the process, such as improving fuel flexibility and efficiency for power generation systems. NETL has constructed a field prototype of the RGA to test the instrument performance in various applications in fossil energy. Through this CRADA, the RGA prototype operation was tested using hydrocarbon mixtures and hydrogen on a combustor test rig for potential use in gas turbine engine testing. The testing was performed at the Solar Turbines Incorporated Harbor Drive facility in downtown San Diego, CA on December 3-7, 2018. The RGA was installed outside a combustor test bay, with a ¼" sample line connected from a point shortly upstream of the test combustor. The combustion test building online gas chromatograph reported analysis of a sample every 6 minutes. During testing, seven test conditions of pure gas or gas mixtures were supplied to a pressurized combustion test rig. A sample of the fuel gas was continuously analyzed using the RGA with a 1 second measurement and reporting time. For each test condition, once the steady condition was reached, the composition of the gas from the RGA measurements is reported, along with the expected composition from the flow meters, and the composition reported by the online gas chromatograph (GC). During this testing, the real-time measurement capability of the RGA was readily apparent. The composition changes occurring in real-time could be followed and observed to correspond to combustion behavior changes on the video monitor at the operator station. The largest concentration species were tracked well through the tests; however, from comparison of the RGA one-second data with the GC steady-state points, it appears the RGA had some difficulty with quantifying hydrocarbon mixtures, especially when some of the hydrocarbons were at low concentration. The difficulty was particularly noted for ethane and butane in these tests. The NETL team intends to address this in 2019. Moderate concentrations of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen (>10%) were readily observed in the spectral data and quantified closely to the GC measurements. While calibration data for propylene was collected in preparation for this testing, it was not observed during the testing, even when the test conditions had high concentrations of propane.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2015

Nevada National Security Site Environmental Report 2014--Summary

This Nevada National Security Site Environmental Report (NNSSER) was prepared to satisfy DOE Order DOE O 231.1B, “Environment, Safety and Health reporting.” Its purpose is to (1) report compliance status with environmental standards and requirements, (2) present results of environmental monitoring of radiological and nonradiological effluents, (3) report estimated radiological doses to the public from releases of radioactive material, (4) summarize environmental incidents of noncompliance and actions taken in response to them, (5) describe the National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office Environmental (NSA/NFO) Management System and characterize its performance, and (6) highlight significant environmental programs and efforts. The three major NNSS missions include National Security/Defense, Environmental Management, and Nondefense. The major programs that support these missions are Stockpile Stewardship and Management, Nonproliferation and Counterterrorism, Nuclear Emergency Response, Strategic Partnership Project, Environmental Restoration, Waste Management, Conservation and Renewable Energy, Other Research and Development, and Infrastructure. The major facilities that support the programs include the U1a Facility, Big Explosives Experimental Facility (BEEF), Device Assembly Facility, Dense Plasma Focus Facility, Joint Actinide Shock Physics Experimental Research Facility, Radiological/Nuclear Countermeasures Test and Evaluation Complex, Nonproliferation Test and Evaluation Complex (NPTEC), Radiological/Nuclear Weapons of Mass Destruction Incident Exercise Site, Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), and the Area 3 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Development of LWR Fuels with Enhanced Accident Tolerance (EATF Phase 2 Final Scientific Technical Report)

This report provides a summary of all key technical activities completed during the performance of the Framatome Enhanced Accident Tolerant Fuel (EATF) Phase 2 project under the Department of Energy (DOE) grant DE-NE0008220. The earlier Phase 1B portion of the EATF project which was also part of this grant was reported earlier in Reference [1]. This report covers activities during the first two years of the EATF Phase 2 program and together with Reference [1], represents the final scientific/technical report required to be submitted at the end of a contract. It should be noted that much of the work here remains in progress and will continue under a new DOE grant, DE-NE0008818.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Site Environmental Report for 2018 Sandia National Laboratories, California

Sandia National Laboratories, California (SNL/CA) is a Department of Energy (DOE) facility. The management and operations of the facility are under a contract with the DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). On May 1, 2017, the name of the management and operating contractor changed from Sandia Corporation to National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS). The DOE, NNSA, Sandia Field Office administers the contract and oversees contractor operations at the site. DOE and its management and operating contractor for Sandia are committed to safeguarding environmental protection, compliance, and sustainability and to ensuring the validity and accuracy of the monitoring data presented in this Annual Site Environmental Report. This Site Environmental Report for 2018 was prepared in accordance with DOE Order 231.1 B, Environment, Safety and Health Reporting (DOE 2012). The report provides a summary of environmental monitoring information and compliance activities that occurred at SNL/CA during calendar year 2018, unless noted otherwise. General site and environmental program information is also included.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

Advanced Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Circuit Simulation (Final Report LDRD 2016-0845)

This report summarizes the methods and algorithms that were developed on the Sandia National Laboratory LDRD project entitled "Advanced Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Circuit Simulation", which was project # 173331 and proposal # 2016-0845. As much of our work has been published in other reports and publications, this report gives an brief summary. Those who are interested in the technical details are encouraged to read the full published results and also contact the report authors for the status of follow-on projects.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Groundwater Potability Determination Report for Sylvan Grove, Kansas

The Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) operated a grain storage facility from 1954 to 1966 at the northeastern edge of Sylvan Grove, Kansas (Figures 1.1 and 1.2). During this time, commercial grain fumigants containing carbon tetrachloride were in common use to preserve grain in storage. The CCC/USDA is in the process of preparing a Corrective Action Study (CAS) to address carbon tetrachloride contamination in groundwater on the portion of the site that it formerly leased and operated. As stated in the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) Bureau of Environmental Remediation (BER) policy BER-RS-045 (KDHE 2016), Considerations for Groundwater Potability and Use Determinations (hereafter referred to as “Potability Determination Guidance”), the KDHE considers all groundwater to be a potential source of potable water. This report, however, substantiates that groundwater resources in the Cretaceous Dakota Formation—more specifically, that localized portions of water bearing strata affected by operations at the former CCC/USDA site—are non-potable. The purpose of this report, therefore, is to provide additional information to support the KDHE’s decision-making process with regard to the disposition and closure of the Sylvan Grove site. Per the Potability Determination Guidance the results of this potability evaluation will play a role in selecting the site remedial action objectives and the overall proposed path for long-term management. This report presents the data and analyses of the potability study and the results of the potability determination, which will be taken into consideration during the development of cleanup goals for the CAS or for any other future remedial or long-term management action agreed to by the CCC/USDA and KDHE. The Potability Determination Guidance provides a framework to evaluate groundwater potability by outlining: The set of threshold criteria under which KDHE will consider an aquifer to be non-potable; The data and information necessary to evaluate potability; and, Considerations for long-term management of aquifers that are deemed non potable. According to the guidance, the KDHE may determine that groundwater is non-potable due to natural conditions such as water quality or quantity characteristics. As suggested in the guidance, this report will discuss the initial potability threshold screening for entering the evaluation process (Section 2); justify the work plan that was covered by the site investigation planning (also in Section 2); and present the relevant data and evaluation results (Sections 3-6).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

2018 Offshore Wind Technologies Market Report

Offshore wind energy is a rapidly growing global industry that creates electricity from wind turbines installed in coastal waters on either rigid or floating substructures anchored to the seabed or lake bottom. The 2018 Offshore Wind Technologies Market Report was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) with support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and is intended to provide offshore wind policymakers, regulators, developers, researchers, engineers, financiers, supply chain participants, and other stakeholders with up-to-date quantitative information about the offshore wind market, technology, and cost trends in the United States and worldwide. This report provides detailed information on the domestic offshore wind industry to contextualize the U.S. market and help policymakers, researchers, and the general public understand technical and market barriers and opportunities. Globally, the scope of the report covers the status of the 176 operating offshore wind projects through December 31, 2018, and provides the status of, and analysis on, a broader global pipeline of 838 projects in various stages of development. To provide the most up-to-date discussion of this dynamically evolving industry, this report also tracks the most significant domestic developments and events from January 1, 2018, through March 31, 2019. The following is a summary of the key offshore wind market findings.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2017

Initial Site-Specific De-Inventory Report for Big Rock Point

This report has been developed to satisfy solicitation number 6400013399 under subcontract number 4000138474 issued by UT-Battelle, LLC, managing contractor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory to AREVA Federal Services (AFS). The purpose of this report is to assist the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) in laying the groundwork for implementing an integrated waste management system. This includes preparing for future large-scale transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF), High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW) and Greater Than Class C (GTCC) Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLW). This report addresses the tasks, equipment, and interfaces necessary for the complete de-inventory of the Big Rock Point (BRP) site on the eastern shore of Lake Michigan about 4 miles north of Charlevoix and approximately 11 miles west of Petoskey, MI. As such, this report is intended to provide information useful for planning options within the integrated waste management system.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Initial Site-Specific Deinventory Report for Connecticut Yankee

This report has been developed to satisfy solicitation number 6400014223 under subcontract number 4000138474 issued by UT-Battelle, LLC, managing contractor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to AREVA Federal Services (AFS). The purpose of this report is to assist the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) in laying the groundwork for implementing an integrated waste management system. This includes preparing for future large-scale transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF), High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW), and Greater Than Class C (GTCC) Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW). This report addresses the tasks, equipment, and interfaces necessary for the complete deinventory of the Connecticut Yankee (CY) independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) site located on the eastern shore of the Connecticut River near Haddam Neck, CT; about 13 miles southeast of Middletown and 25 miles southeast of Hartford, CT. As such, this report is intended to provide information useful for planning options within the integrated waste management system.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Initial Site-Specific De-Inventory Report for Kewaunee

This report has been developed to satisfy the Statement of Work for Task Order #3 for the Department of Energy (DOE) – Office of Nuclear Energy under contract number DE-NE0008491 issued to AREVA Federal Services (AFS). The purpose of this report is to assist the United States (U.S.) DOE in laying the groundwork for implementing an integrated nuclear waste management system. This includes preparing for future large-scale transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF), High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW), and Greater Than Class C (GTCC) Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW). This report addresses the tasks, equipment, and interfaces necessary for the complete de-inventory of the Kewaunee Power Station (KPS) independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) site located in the town of Carlton, WI (but with a Kewaunee mailing address), approximately 30 miles southeast of Green Bay, WI and 90 miles north of Milwaukee, WI. As such, this report is intended to provide information useful for planning options within an integrated nuclear waste management system.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Initial Site-Specific De-Inventory Report for Trojan

This report has been developed to satisfy solicitation number 6400014223 under subcontract number 4000146712 issued by UT-Battelle, LLC, managing contractor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to AREVA Federal Services (AFS). The purpose of this report is to assist the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) in laying the groundwork for implementing an integrated waste management system. This includes preparing for future large-scale transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF), High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW), and Greater Than Class C (GTCC) Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW). This report addresses the tasks, equipment, and interfaces necessary for the complete de-inventory of the Trojan independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) located in northwestern Oregon along the Columbia River at river mile 72.5 and approximately 42 miles north of Portland, OR. As such, this report is intended to provide information useful for planning options within the integrated waste management system.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Initial Site-Specific De-Inventory Report for Maine Yankee

This report has been developed to satisfy solicitation number 6400014223 under subcontract number 4000146712 issued by UT-Battelle, LLC, managing contractor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to AREVA Federal Services (AFS). The purpose of this report is to assist the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) in laying the groundwork for implementing an integrated waste management system. This includes preparing for future large-scale transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF), High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW), and Greater Than Class C (GTCC) Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW). This report addresses the tasks, equipment, and interfaces necessary for the complete de-inventory of the Maine Yankee (MY) independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) site located in the mid-coast region of Maine approximately 25 miles south of Augusta, ME and 45 miles northeast of Portland, ME. As such, this report is intended to provide information useful for planning options within the integrated waste management system.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Gap Analysis to Guide DOE R&D in Supporting Extended Storage and Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel: An FY2019 Assessment (Final Report)

This report is a condensed version of previous reports identifying technical gaps that, if addressed, could be used to ensure the continued safe storage of SNF for extended periods and support licensing activities. This report includes updated gap priority assessments because the previous gap priorities were based on R&D performed through 2017. Much important work has been done since 2017 that requires a change in a few of the priority rankings to better focus the near-term R&D program. Background material, regulatory positions, operational and inventory status, and prioritization schemes are discussed in detail in Hanson et al. (2012) and Hanson and Alsaed (2019) and are not repeated in this report. One exception is an overview of the prioritization criteria for reference. This is meant to give the reader an appreciation of the framework for prioritization of the identified gaps. A complete discussion of the prioritization scheme is provided in Hanson and Alsaed (2019).

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Potential Impacts of Accelerated Climate Change (Second Annual Report of Work)

This study is part of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC) Probabilistic Flood Hazard Assessment (PFHA) research plan that aims to develop regulatory tools and guidance to support and enhance the NRC’s capacity to perform thorough and efficient reviews of license applications and license amendment requests. In Year 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory staff prepared an annual report that summarized recent scientific findings on climate change, with a particular focus on climatic elements that are relevant to NRC concerns on a regional level (i.e., increasing air and water temperatures, decreasing water availability, increasing frequency and intensity of storms and flooding, and sea-level rise). This report summarizes Year 2 activities, which focused on reviewing scientific findings regarding region-specific climatic extremes for the southeastern United States. According to the U.S. Global Change Research Program Third National Climate Assessment, the U.S. Southeast Region consists of 11 southeastern states, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Except for Kentucky, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, all included states have operating nuclear power plants. Further, new nuclear power reactor permit and license applications have been submitted to the NRC in the recent past for sites located in several southeastern states. Therefore, having an improved understanding of potential climate changes and their hydrologic impacts in the Southeast Region is important to inform the PFHA research plan. Climatic features relevant to the NRC for the Southeast Region include high temperature extremes, precipitation extremes, flooding, high winds associated with tropical cyclones and tornadoes, sea-level rise, and storm surge and associated inland inundation. Drawing primarily from the climate assessment reports and peer-reviewed literature, this Year 2 annual report summarizes the observed climate, its past changes, and its projected changes, as well as 21st century hydrologic impacts in the Southeast Region. Despite the relatively mild changes observed in the past and projected in the future for the mean climate of the Southeast Region, many aspects of climatic extremes such as extreme precipitation have exhibited changes in the last century. In addition, climate and hydrologic models project further changes in the future. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory staff presented updates summarizing these findings at the Second Annual PFHA Research Workshop, which took place from January 23 to 25, 2017, at NRC Headquarters in Rockville, Maryland.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

FY19 Status Report on Creep Test Data on Commercial Heat of Alloy 790

This report provides an update on the status of the creep rupture testing on the first commercial heat of Alloy 709 in support of the Alloy 709 Code Case development. The report is a Level 3 deliverable in FY19 (M3AT-19AN020502041), under the Work Package AT19AN0205204, “A709 Code Case Testing” performed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), as part of the Advanced Reactor Technologies Program. A creep test laboratory has been set up at ANL that comprises of 15 indirectly loaded test frames capable of testing ASTM standard-size specimens of the commercial heat of Alloy 709. The systems are equipped with high temperature furnaces capable of operation up to 1000°C in an air environment. In FY19, 15 creep-rupture tests of the ESR-1100°C solution annealed material, requiring the use of Type K thermocouples, were initiated to support the 100,000-hour Code Case. At the time of writing this report, eight tests were completed. This report presents the data from those completed tests and also microstructural characterization of the fractured specimens. During FY19, efforts were being made to add Type S thermocouples to five of the creep test frames, for performing longer term tests at higher temperatures.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Herbaceous Feedstock 2019 State of Technology Report

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) promotes the production of advanced liquid transportation fuels from lignocellulosic biomass by funding fundamental and applied research that advances the State of Technology (SOT). As part of its involvement with this mission, Idaho National Laboratory (INL) completes an annual SOT report for biomass feedstock logistics. This report summarizes supply system impacts of Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)-funded research and development efforts at INL and elsewhere (such as the High-Tonnage Feedstock Logistics projects (Webb et al. 2013a, Webb et al. 2013b, Webb et al. 2013c, Webb and Sokhansanj 2014, Sokhansanj et al. 2014)) that lead to improvements in feedstock supply systems. These include improvements to and observed performance of innovative harvest and collection methods, storage technologies, transportation and handling approaches, and advanced preprocessing technologies. Biomass quality and variability, and the interface between feedstock quality and conversion performance are key drivers in addition to delivered feedstock cost. In this report, we estimate the benefits of R&D improvements to individual supply system unit operations and present the status of feedstock logistics technology development for converting biomass into biofuels. These analyses are supported by experimental data where possible and help to align the SOT relative to the cost goals defined in the Multi-Year Program Plan. The 2019 Herbaceous SOT incorporates several technology changes in feedstock preprocessing and introduces opportunities from the integrated landscape management (ILM) strategy and increased grower participation to reduce biomass access costs, while maintaining or improving grower profitability. During FY18 uneven flow from the horizontal bale grinder was identified as a significant issue limiting preprocessing system throughput. Based on FSL-funded research at INL, the 2019 Herbaceous SOT replaces the horizontal bale grinder used in the first stage size reduction with a bale processor. The improved uniformity of biomass flow entering the PDU eliminated slugging flow from the first stage size reduction and improved the throughput of downstream operations. In order to achieve moisture reduction through frictional heating during grinding (which allowed elimination of the costly rotary drum dryer in previous SOTs), the second stage grinder was changed from a rotary shear, which does not remove moisture, back to a hammer mill. Finally, the 2019 Herbaceous SOT introduces modified three-pass and two-pass corn stover supply curves derived from the BT16 resource assessment, based on FY19 modeling results (WBS 4.2.1.20) quantifying economic benefits of ILM in the supply area, together with modeling results (WBS 1.2.1.5) identifying ILM strategies to increase grower participation. The 2019 Herbaceous SOT report documents the current modeled cost of an herbaceous feedstock supply system from harvest to the pretreatment reactor throat for hydrocarbon fuel production via biochemical conversion, based on equipment and processes now available or potentially available in the near term. The modeled cost also considers both the required quality and the availability of the biomass resources. The 2019 Herbaceous SOT predicts a modeled delivered feedstock cost of $81.37 /dry ton (2016$); this is a $2.30/dry ton (2016$) decrease from the 2018 Herbaceous SOT. Technology improvements that contributed to this modeled cost reduction include reduced cost for the new preprocessing design and quantification of the opportunities of the integrated landscape management (ILM) strategy and an increased grower participation rate to reduce the grower payment portion of biomass access costs, while maintaining or improving grower profitability. A greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) assessment was completed by Argonne National Laboratory using the 2019 Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation model, estimating an increase of 14.89 kg CO2e/ton from the 2018 SOT (69.27 kg CO2e/ton in 2018 to 84.16 kg CO2e/ton in 2019). The increase of energy consumption during preprocessing along with higher transportation distance to access low cost biomass from further distance contributed to the increase of GHG emissions in the 2019 Herbaceous SOT. The reason for the increased transportation distances was the cost tradeoff of going farther from the biorefinery to access the cheaper ILM-derived counties (the cheaper price outweighed the cost of increased supply radius).

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗