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At least 991 records · Page 55

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NASA NTRS2021

Flood Monitoring and Crop Damage Assessment

In recent years, the occurrence and impact of inland and coastal flood events have become more frequent and damaging, especially within agricultural fields, due to the global climate change and consistent sea level rise. Monitoring and measuring the magnitude of flood events in a timely manner and assessing the subsequent crop damages accurately are precursors in minimizing detrimental consequences that could potentially lead to a global food security crisis. Traditional gauge-based measurements with sophisticated hydrological models are capable of monitoring flood events precisely but limited within the smaller spatial extent, time-consuming, and costly. In recent decades, advancement in airborne- and satellite-based remote sensing technologies offering products at a daily global spatial extent with various spectral resolution helps address the shortcomings of the traditional in situ approaches in flood monitoring. Furthermore, the methods such as classification and band ratioing using remote sensing products are simple and effective in assessing flood-induced agricultural damages. The combination of remote sensing products and geographic information systems along with the current development in web mapping, users now can get near real-time flood monitoring and crop damage assessments, albeit dependent upon the quality of available data. A case study to quantify the impact of the 2011 Missouri Mississippi River flooding on the surrounding cornfield was performed through a regression model. The model was trained using historical daily NDVI and corn yield across Nebraska and Missouri, and the overall accuracy in estimating corn yield was about 90%. The method implemented in this localized case study could be extended at a larger geographical scale.

Flood monitoring↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Toward Monitoring and Predicting Cognitive Resilience

"Toward Monitoring and Predicting Cognitive Resilience" for IWS 2023 session DS04, Monitoring Cognitive Resilience. Definitions and characterizations of Cognitive Resilience are presented, along with other considerations for monitoring and predicting it in the context of space radiation and other stressors. This session will feature “lightning-style" talks focused on how HRP research could be used in conjunction with work from interagency partnerships to monitor or predict cognitive resilience for astronauts followed by facilitated panel discussion focused on key questions.

cognition↗

NASA NTRS2023

Large-Scale Groundwater Monitoring in Brazil Assisted With Satellite-Based Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Here, we develop and test an artificial intelligence (AI)-based approach to monitor major Brazilian aquifers. The approach combines Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data and ground-based hydrogeological measurements from Brazil’s Integrated Groundwater Monitoring Network at hundreds of wells distributed in twelve aquifers across the country. We tested model ensembles based on three AI approaches: Extreme Gradient Boost, Light Gradient Boosting Model and CatBoost, followed by a Linear Regression (LR) step. The approach is further boosted with wavelet and seasonal decomposition processes applied to GRACE data. To determine the AI-based model’s sensitivity to data availability, we propose four experiments combining hydrogeological measurements from different aquifers. Groundwater storage estimates from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) are used as benchmark. A sensitivity analysis shows that the LR-based model ensemble is the best suited and to reproduce groundwater storage change in all studied Brazilian aquifers. Results show that the proposed approach outperforms GLDAS in all experiments, with an RMSE value of 2.68cm for the experiment that covers all monitored wells in Brazil. GLDAS resulted in RMSE=6.76cm. Using our AI model outputs, we quantified the groundwater storage change of two major aquifers, Urucuia and Bauru-Caiuá, over the past two decades: -31km 3 and -6km 3 , respectively. Water loss is driven by a prolonged drought across most of the country and intensification of groundwater pumping for irrigation. This study demonstrates that combining satellite data and AI can be a cost-effective alternative to monitor poorly equipped aquifers at the continental scale, with possible global replicability.

GRACE↗

DOE OSTI2014

Building America Case Study: Advanced Boiler Load Monitoring Controllers, Chicago, Illinois (Fact Sheet)

Beyond these initial system efficiency upgrades are an emerging class of Advanced Load Monitoring (ALM) aftermarket controllers that dynamically respond to the boiler load, with claims of 10% to 30% of fuel savings over a heating season. For hydronic boilers specifically, these devices perform load monitoring, with continuous measurement of supply and in some cases return water temperatures. Energy savings from these ALM controllers are derived from dynamic management of the boiler differential, where a microprocessor with memory of past boiler cycles prevents the boiler from firing for a period of time, to limit cycling losses and inefficient operation during perceived low load conditions. These differ from OTR controllers, which vary boiler setpoint temperatures with ambient conditions while maintaining a fixed differential. PARR installed and monitored the performance of one type of ALM controller, the M2G from Greffen Systems, at multifamily sites in the city of Chicago and its suburb Cary, IL, both with existing OTR control. Results show that energy savings depend on the degree to which boilers are over-sized for their load, represented by cycling rates. Also savings vary over the heating season with cycling rates, with greater savings observed in shoulder months. Over the monitoring period, over-sized boilers at one site showed reductions in cycling and energy consumption in line with prior laboratory studies, while less over-sized boilers at another site showed muted savings.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2013

Spectroscopic Online Monitoring for Process Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Fuel Reprocessing Streams

There is a renewed interest worldwide to promote the use of nuclear power and close the nuclear fuel cycle. The long term successful use of nuclear power is critically dependent upon adequate and safe processing and disposition of the spent nuclear fuel. Liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique commonly employed for the processing of the dissolved spent nuclear fuel. The instrumentation used to monitor these processes must be robust, require little or no maintenance, and be able to withstand harsh environments such as high radiation fields and aggressive chemical matrices. In addition, the ability for continuous online monitoring allows for numerous benefits. This paper reviews application of the absorption and vibrational spectroscopic techniques supplemented by physicochemical measurements for radiochemical process monitoring. In this context, our team experimentally assessed the potential of Raman and spectrophotometric techniques for on-line real-time monitoring of the U(VI)/nitrate ion/nitric acid and Pu(IV)/Np(V)/Nd(III), respectively, in solutions relevant to spent fuel reprocessing. Both techniques demonstrated robust performance in the repetitive batch measurements of each analyte in a wide concentration range using simulant and commercial dissolved spent fuel solutions. Static spectroscopic measurements served as training sets for the multivariate data analysis to obtain partial least squares predictive models, which were validated using on-line centrifugal contactor extraction tests. Satisfactory prediction of the analytes concentrations in these preliminary experiments warrants further development of the spectroscopy-based methods for radiochemical safeguards and process control.

spectroscopic process monitoring, Pu, U, Np↗

DOE OSTI2016

Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection and Monitoring for Field Area Network: Final Report

This report summarizes the key technical accomplishments, industry impact and performance of the I2-CEDS grant entitled “Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection and Monitoring for Field Area Network”. Led by Applied Communication Sciences (ACS/Vencore Labs) in conjunction with its utility partner Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD), the project accelerated research on a first-of-its-kind cybersecurity monitoring solution for Advanced Meter Infrastructure and Distribution Automation field networks. It advanced the technology to a validated, full-scale solution that detects anomalies, intrusion events and improves utility situational awareness and visibility. The solution was successfully transitioned and commercialized for production use as SecureSmart™ Continuous Monitoring. Discoveries made with SecureSmart™ Continuous Monitoring led to tangible and demonstrable improvements in the security posture of the US national electric infrastructure.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2016

Monte Carlo Uncertainty Quantification for an Unattended Enrichment Monitor

As a case study for uncertainty analysis, we consider a model flow monitor for measuring enrichment in gas centrifuge enrichment plants (GCEPs) that could provide continuous monitoring of all declared gas flow and provide high-accuracy gas enrichment estimates as a function of time. The monitor system could include NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometers, a pressure signal-sharing device to be installed on an operator\rq{}s pressure gauge or a dedicated inspector pressure sensor, and temperature sensors attached to the outside of the header pipe, to provide pressure, temperature, and gamma-ray spectra measurements of UF$_6$ gas flow through unit header pipes. Our study builds on previous modeling and analysis methods development for enrichment monitor concepts and a software tool that was developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to generate and analyze synthetic data.

international safeguards↗

DOE OSTI2015

Advances in Online Monitoring for Measurement within Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Streams

Abstract – Significant effort has been focused on the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle including treatment and reuse of irradiated fuel. Solvent extraction reprocessing methods that have been developed often contain various steps, with each one tailored to the separation of specific radionuclides, which are highly dependent upon solution properties. The instrumentation used to monitor these processes must be robust, require little or no maintenance, and be able to withstand harsh environments such as high radiation fields and aggressive chemical matrices. Our group has been investigating the use of optical spectroscopy for the on-line monitoring of actinides, lanthanides, and acid strength within fuel reprocessing streams. This paper describes the application of the electronic and vibrational spectroscopic techniques for radiochemical process monitoring. In this context, our team experimentally assessed the potential of Raman and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques for online real-time monitoring of the U(VI)/nitrate ion/nitric acid and Pu(VI/IV)/Np(VI/V/IV)/Nd(III) in solutions relevant to used nuclear fuel reprocessing. These techniques demonstrated robust performance in the repetitive batch measurements of each analyte in a wide concentration range using simulant and commercial dissolved used fuel solutions. Currently this has been demonstrated on the macroscopic scale, using sample probes requiring large solution volumes. In an effort to minimize waste and reduce dose to personnel, we have modified this technique to allow measurement at the microfluidic scale using a Raman microprobe. Under the current sampling environment, Raman samples typically require upwards of 10 mL and larger. Using the new sampling system, we can sample volumes at 10 µL or less, which is a scale reduction of over 1,000 fold in sample size. This will significantly reduce the requirements for handling hazardous materials, and greatly reduce the costs associated with worker protection from exposure to radioactive and hazardous materials, and costs due to waste disposal.

process monitoring, U, nitric acid, microfluidic, ↗

DOE OSTI2013

Monitoring and evaluation of green public procurement programs

Effective procurement policies can help governments save considerable amounts of money while also reducing energy consumption. Additionally, private sector companies which purchase large numbers of energy-consuming devices can benefit from procurement policies that minimize life-cycle energy costs. Both public and private procurement programs offer opportunities to generate market-transforming demand for energy efficient appliances and lighting fixtures. In recent years, several governments have implemented policies to procure energy efficient products and services. When deploying these policies, efforts have focused on developing resources for implementation (guidelines, energy efficiency specifications for tenders, life cycle costing tools, training, etc.) rather than defining monitoring systems to track progress against the set objectives. Implementation resources are necessary to make effective policies; however, developing Monitoring and Evaluation (M and E) mechanisms are critical to ensure that the policies are effective. The purpose of this article is to provide policy makers and procurement officials with a preliminary map of existing approaches and key components to monitor Energy Efficient Procurement (EEP) programs in order to contribute to the improvement of their own systems. Case studies are used throughout the paper to illustrate promising approaches to improve the M and E of EEP programs, from the definition of the system or data collection to complementary instruments to improve both the monitoring response and program results.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2013

Extended Sleeve Products Allow Control and Monitoring of Process Fluid Flows Inside Shielding, Behind Walls and Beneath Floors - 13041

Throughout power generation, delivery and waste remediation, the ability to control process streams in difficult or impossible locations becomes increasingly necessary as the complexity of processes increases. Example applications include radioactive environments, inside concrete installations, buried in dirt, or inside a shielded or insulated pipe. In these situations, it is necessary to implement innovative solutions to tackle such issues as valve maintenance, valve control from remote locations, equipment cleaning in hazardous environments, and flow stream analysis. The Extended Sleeve family of products provides a scalable solution to tackle some of the most challenging applications in hazardous environments which require flow stream control and monitoring. The Extended Sleeve family of products is defined in three groups: Extended Sleeve (ESV), Extended Bonnet (EBV) and Instrument Enclosure (IE). Each of the products provides a variation on the same requirements: to provide access to the internals of a valve, or to monitor the fluid passing through the pipeline through shielding around the process pipe. The shielding can be as simple as a grout filled pipe covering a process pipe or as complex as a concrete deck protecting a room in which the valves and pipes pass through at varying elevations. Extended Sleeves are available between roughly 30 inches and 18 feet of distance between the pipeline centerline and the top of the surface to which it mounts. The Extended Sleeve provides features such as ± 1.5 inches of adjustment between the pipeline and deck location, internal flush capabilities, automatic alignment of the internal components during assembly and integrated actuator mounting pads. The Extended Bonnet is a shorter fixed height version of the Extended Sleeve which has a removable deck flange to facilitate installation through walls, and is delivered fully assembled. The Instrument Enclosure utilizes many of the same components as an Extended Sleeve, yet allows the installation of process monitoring instruments, such as a turbidity meter to be placed in the flow stream. The basis of the design is a valve body, which, rather than having a directly mounted bonnet has lengths of concentric pipe added, which move the bonnet away from the valve body. The pipe is conceptually similar to an oil field well, with the various strings of casing, and tubing installed. Each concentric pipe provides a required function, such as the outermost pipes, the valve sleeve and penetration sleeve, which provide structural support to the deck flange. For plug valve based designs, the next inner pipe provides compression on the environmental seals at the top of the body to bonnet joint, followed by the innermost pipe which provides rotation of the plug, in the same manner as an extended stem. Ball valve ESVs have an additional pipe to provide compressive loading on the stem packing. Due to the availability of standard pipe grades and weights, the product can be configured to fit a wide array of valve sizes, and application lengths, with current designs as short as seven inches and as tall as 18 feet. Central to the design is the requirement for no special tools or downhole tools to remove parts or configure the product. Off the shelf wrenches, sockets or other hand tools are all that is required. Compared to other products historically available, this design offers a lightweight option, which, while not as rigidly stiff, can deflect compliantly under extreme seismic loading, rather than break. Application conditions vary widely, as the base product is 316 and 304 stainless steel, but utilizes 17-4PH, and other allows as needed based on the temperature range and mechanical requirements. Existing designs are installed in applications as hot as 1400 deg. F, at low pressure, and separately in highly radioactive environments. The selection of plug versus ball valve, metal versus soft seats, and the material of the seals and seats is all dependent on the application requirements. The design of the Extended Sleeve family of products provides a platform which solves a variety of accessibility problems associated with controlling process flow streams in remote, hard to reach locations in harsh environments. Installation of the equipment described has shown to allow access to flow streams that otherwise would require exceptional means to access and control. The Extended Sleeve family of products provides a scalable solution to both control and monitor process fluid flow through shielding, walls or floors when direct connection is advantageous. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2012

Strategy for Long-Term Stewardship and Monitoring of Amchitka Island - 12190

The Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance Plan (LTSMP) for Amchitka details how the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) intends to fulfill its mission to maintain protection of human health and the environment at and around the sites on Amchitka Island. The LTSMP calls for monitoring to be performed every 5 years, at least in the initial phase of the project. The purpose of the monitoring is to develop a baseline of activity concentrations for selected radionuclides in biota, water, and soil, both on Amchitka and at the reference location on Adak Island, approximately 322 km (200 miles) northeast of Amchitka. Data compiled by the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP, 2006) are being included as part of the baseline data set. The specific biological, water, and sediment samples collected during the 2011 sampling event were developed through close coordination with the primary stakeholders, including the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, the Aleutian Pribilof Island Association, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Amchitka is managed by the USFWS as part of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. Two plans were developed to address specific needs of the biological- and the terrestrial-monitoring programs. Results from these monitoring programs will help determine whether the environment is being impacted by radionuclide migration and uptake, and if subsistence and commercial-catch seafood is safe for human consumption. The RESRAD-BIOTA code is being used to evaluate ecological health relative to the radionuclide levels determined from this sampling event. The samples were sent to three laboratories for analysis. With the exception of the seawater samples, most of the samples were sent to the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A smaller subset of rock-weed samples, Star reindeer lichen samples, and soil samples collected from beneath the lichen were sent to UAF for cesium-137 analysis. Marine sediment samples were also collected and sent to UAF for testing. The seawater samples were sent to the University of Miami Tritium Laboratory for enriched tritium analysis. Results from the seawater samples for tritium were received in September 2011. Results from the 2011 sampling are expected to be available on the LM web site in 2012. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2012

Neutron Monitoring Systems for the Characterisation of Nuclear Fuel and Waste - Methodology and Applications - 12055

The most characteristic behaviour of nuclear fuel or waste contaminated by fission material or isotopes resulting from fissile processes is the emission of neutrons. At the same time because of the high penetration of the material by neutrons, they are an ideal probe for measurement by non-destructive assay. The detection and data analysis in this case is quite different compared to methods using gamma measuring techniques. Neutron detection monitors have been in routine operation for a long time, showing their excellent detection capabilities. The neutron monitors designed for different applications have demonstrated their capabilities during daily operation in the field of burned up fuel elements and for nuclear waste with alpha activity. Lately the data analysis was refined and the quality of the results was improved by using MCNP calculations. Last but not least the layout and the calibration of neutron monitors are nowadays unfeasible without support by MCNP simulations. In the field of non-destructive assay the neutron monitors are undisputed. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2012

Monitoring the Long-Term Safety Performance of a Repository for Used Nuclear Fuel - 12294

The nuclear waste management programs of several nations include plans for the design, construction and operation of deep geological repositories. Some of these programs have initiated the licensing process for their repository designs. Monitoring strategies and systems are at different levels of development in each program and there is common ground with respect to the ultimate goal of the monitoring function. In this context, the primary functions of a monitoring system are considered to be the verification of safety performance and making available information that may be required for implementation of future decisions such as the timing of repository decommissioning and closure or the possible retrieval of waste containers. This study examines some of the relevant issues and outlines a conceptual monitoring system for further study and development during implementation of Adaptive Phased Management, the method selected by the Government of Canada for long-term management of used nuclear fuel. (author)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2016

Near Real-Time Two and Three-Dimensional Electrical Geophysical Monitoring of Natural and Engineered Processes Associated with Subsurface Remediation - 16052

Legacy soil and groundwater contamination associated with nuclear weapons production is projected to be one of the largest cleanup liabilities to the U.S. Department of Energy for the foreseeable future. Remediation of subsurface contaminants is complicated by the combined effects of geochemical heterogeneity, geological heterogeneity, and the difficulty and expense of adequate borehole access. Each of these complications contributes to uncertainty in the distribution of contaminants and the performance of in situ treatments, which increases risk to human health and the environment and cost to closure in general. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a method of remotely imaging the electrical properties of the subsurface, which are governed by both geochemical and geological structure, thereby providing useful proxies for understanding contaminant distribution and the behavior in situ remediation processes. Recent advancements in both data collection and data processing capabilities are enabling ERT monitoring to be executed and provided to site operators in near real-time. To summarize the process, ERT surveys are rapidly and continuously collected during a time-sensitive operation such as an amendment injection. At the completion of each survey, data are transferred by wireless internet to offsite supercomputing resources for parallel tomographic inversion. Inversion results are then transferred back to onsite operators and/or other locations for visualization. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of time-lapse ERT for monitoring fluid transport (both gas and liquid phase). We then demonstrate two real-time imaging applications for monitoring both natural and engineered processes at the Hanford Site within the vadose and the saturated zones. We expect this new capability for autonomous real-time imaging to enable ERT to be used as a cost-effective, short-term rapid feedback mechanism for guiding subsurface remediation injections, in addition to longer term monitoring of post-injection performance and environmental impact, all using the same electrode array and instrumentation. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2016

The Enhanced Sealing Project, Monitoring a Full-Scale Shaft Seal at Canada's Underground Research Laboratory (2009-2015) - 16070

A full-scale shaft seal was designed and installed in the 5-m-diameter main shaft at Canada's Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in 2009. Located where the main shaft intersects a water-bearing fracture zone at a depth of approximately 273 m, a 6-m-thick clay component was sandwiched between two 3-m-thick concrete components. The clay component was 40:60 mixture of bentonite and quartz/feldspar sand and spans approximately 1 m beyond the maximum identified vertical extent of the fracture zone. Its purpose is to limit the mixing of saline groundwater from the deeper region with the fresher, near-surface groundwater. Its construction was part of Canada's Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program (NLLP). The 1. phase of the Enhanced Sealing Project (ESP), a jointly-funded Research, Development and Demonstration (RD and D) project was started in 2009 to monitor the saturation of the shaft seal until the end of 2013. The 2. phase, extended monitoring of the ESP is supported by Posiva (Finland), Andra (France) and CNL (Canada) and this will run until the end of 2016. The slow evolution of the seal and its surroundings and complete removal of the surface facilities at the URL site in 2014, has meant that the ESP monitoring has evolved to a stand-alone, lower frequency data collection program. Information gained from the ESP monitoring is applicable to support the development of sealing technology to safely close a deep geological repository for the permanent disposal of radioactive wastes. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2016

Monitoring Hexavalent Chromium in the Columbia River Hypo-rheic Zone - 16405

Concentrations of hexavalent chromium in groundwater at the 100-BC reactor area, located on the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, exceed the State of Washington's surface water quality criterion of 10 μg/L. Groundwater discharge to the Columbia River is the primary pathway for contaminants to reach potential receptors. Additional monitoring was needed in order to make an informed decision about groundwater remediation. An array of 23 hypo-rheic sampling points (HSPs) was installed and monitored. The HSPs consist of stainless-steel tubing with 15-cm long mesh screens at depths ranging from 0.15 to 1 meter in the riverbed. The HSPs, which are fully submerged at all river stages, were installed and sampled from a boat using low-flow pumping. The HSPs provided permanent sampling points to obtain samples of hypo-rheic zone water. They were equally suitable for high-frequency sampling, with up to 48 samples collected from each HSP over a 4-day period, and long-term monitoring, with monthly grab samples collected over a 2-year period. The HSPs could be sampled at any river stage, which varied up to 3 meters daily and 4 meters seasonally. Pumping rates were kept low to ensure representative sampling and avoid hydraulic short-circuiting. Short-term increases in river stage did not suppress hexavalent chromium concentrations. Monthly sampling showed that hexavalent chromium concentrations and specific conductance did decline during periods of sustained, seasonally high river stage. Concentrations varied from <2 μg/L during high river stage to 25 μg/L during moderate to low river stage, compared to 50 to 60 μg/L in near-river monitoring wells. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2016

Online Interactive Reporting of Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation Progress at the Hanford Site, Washington - 16485

DOE annually publishes a groundwater monitoring report and separate groundwater remediation summary reports to comply with reporting and regulatory requirements for the Hanford Site, located in southeastern Washington State. The reports describe year-over-year groundwater monitoring and remediation progress. The annual groundwater monitoring report provides a summary of groundwater monitoring for chemical and radioactive liquid waste releases to the soil that contaminated groundwater from past operations at the site. Content initially consisted of paper reports with static electronic copies available online. Based on an initiative from DOE to provide additional transparency of data and data interpretations presented in the reports, companion interactive versions of the reports were deployed online starting in 2012. The online version provides readers with map-based tools and links to supporting documents and reference materials; individual users can read the reports at their own personal level of expertise and interactively explore groundwater contaminant plume evolution, analytical data, site geology, and remediation system performance. An online user's guide and tutorials for each tool are also provided to assist the user with the overall application and individual tools. The online reports are available at: http://www.hanford.gov/page.cfm/SoilGroundwaterAnnualReports. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2018

Hanford Direct Feed Low Activity Waste Real Time Monitoring Program - 18336

Effective operation of the Low-Activity Waste (LAW) Facility at Hanford will rely on information provided from monitoring and control of chemical process streams to maintain safety and environmental compliance, product quality, and operational efficiency. The LAW Facility has been designed as a contact-maintained facility and it was recognized that establishing a real time, in-line monitoring program could have substantial benefits to the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of River Protection in the long-term, which include significant time savings, increased processing efficiency and effectiveness, reducing worker exposure to radiation and chemical hazards, reducing secondary wastes, and a better understanding of the flowsheet to support direct-feed LAW (DFLAW). The Assistant Manager/Federal Project Director for the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) Project chartered a multidisciplinary integrated technical team comprised of federal, contractor, and national laboratory staff to develop a phased program to support this initiative. A three-phase approach was adopted: - Phase 1: Requirements and Opportunities Analysis for Sampling Reduction; - Phase 2: Applications and Benefits Determination; - Phase 3: Qualification and Demonstration. The focus of Phase 1 is to identify the drivers behind any requirements for sampling and any opportunities to benefit from a real-time monitoring program. The effort identified 18 sample points and approximately 2,600 potential samples to be collected annually with analytical methods to be performed approximately 18,000 times annually. Based on Savannah River National Laboratory experience and discussions with WTP Analytical Laboratory personnel, these sample analyses will generate approximately 5,000 L of liquid secondary waste and approximately 1,300 m{sup 3} of solid secondary waste each year. Additional solid and liquid secondary wastes will be generated from sample collection. A preliminary evaluation indicates that employing real-time, in-line monitoring, mass balances, and periodic sampling could significantly reduce the number of samples collected, analytical methods performed, and secondary waste generated. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗