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At least 973 records · Page 54

Plot and Tree Characteristics from the 2022-2023 field experiment at Game Ridge, Missoula County, Montana, USA

This dataset contains plot and study tree characteristics including identifiers, latitude and longitude data, tree heights, tree diameters, and distance between trees within a study plot. Data files and data dictionary(ies) are uploaded as .csv files and .xlsx files. The Users Guide is a .pdf file. Location data can be found in the Google Earth file GameRidge_SitePlotCoordinates.kmz.kml included here. These datasets were collected for Plant Carbohydrate Depletion, Mycorrhizal Networks, and Vulnerability to Drought: An Experimental Test in the Field. This experiment examined the interdependency between plant hydraulics and carbohydrate availability and sought to develop ways to incorporate interactions with below ground symbiotic organisms to better model and quantify forest response to drought. This environmental data was collected to provide context for the fungal community data and Pinus ponderosa physiological data.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Environmental monitoring data from the 2022-2023 field experiment at Game Ridge, Missoula County, Montana, USA

This dataset contains sensor data from programmed loggers as well as handheld moisture probes, including weather data, air and soil temperature, and soil volumetric water content. Data files and data dictionary(ies) are uploaded as .csv files. The Users Guide is a .pdf file. Location data can be found in the Google Earth file GameRidge_SitePlotCoordinates.kmz.kml included here. These datasets were collected for Plant Carbohydrate Depletion, Mycorrhizal Networks, and Vulnerability to Drought: An Experimental Test in the Field. This experiment examined the interdependency between plant hydraulics and carbohydrate availability and sought to develop ways to incorporate interactions with below ground symbiotic organisms to better model and quantify forest response to drought. This environmental data was collected to provide context for the fungal community data and Pinus ponderosa physiological data.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

An Efficient Storage-Driven Machine Learning Model for Performance in the Era of Multimodal Scientific Data

Scientific workflows are increasingly relying on machine learning (ML), simulation, and hybrid techniques to predict, understand, and optimize the behavior of complex experiments. High-performance computing has greatly improved researchers’ ability to acquire diverse data modalities in these workflows. Recent studies suggest that the performance of machine learning models can be improved by integrating data from various sources. Unfortunately, these workloads pose unprecedent pressure on the network storage to meet the demands associated with accessing these multimodal data. To mitigate the impact of intensive IO, we propose a solution that utilizes a multi-tier High-Performance Computing (HPC) distributed storage and data processing framework, placing computation where the data resides for better performance. By adopting this project, the scientific community will gain new opportunities to explore multimodal storage-driven possibilities, integrating multiple scientific data sources with advanced streaming frameworks. Additionally, our framework effectively utilizes computing resources and bridges the gaps identified by HPC experts. Our proposed approach tackles scalability and persistence challenges by leveraging native persistency, which has posed difficulties in traditional approaches. Furthermore, we seek to enhance fault-tolerance and load-balance of computations by leveraging real-time streaming in diverse scientific computing environments, thereby propelling advanced scientific computing research into the next generation.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

Assessing electrogenetic activation via a network model of biological signal propagation

Introduction: Molecular communication is the transfer of information encoded by molecular structure and activity. We examine molecular communication within bacterial consortia as cells with diverse biosynthetic capabilities can be assembled for enhanced function. Their coordination, both in terms of engineered genetic circuits within individual cells as well as their population-scale functions, is needed to ensure robust performance. We have suggested that “electrogenetics,” the use of electronics to activate specific genetic circuits, is a means by which electronic devices can mediate molecular communication, ultimately enabling programmable control. Methods: Here, we have developed a graphical network model for dynamically assessing electronic and molecular signal propagation schemes wherein nodes represent individual cells, and their edges represent communication channels by which signaling molecules are transferred. We utilize graph properties such as edge dynamics and graph topology to interrogate the signaling dynamics of specific engineered bacterial consortia. Results: We were able to recapitulate previous experimental systems with our model. In addition, we found that networks with more distinct subpopulations (high network modularity) propagated signals more slowly than randomized networks, while strategic arrangement of subpopulations with respect to the inducer source (an electrode) can increase signal output and outperform otherwise homogeneous networks. Discussion: We developed this model to better understand our previous experimental results, but also to enable future designs wherein subpopulation composition, genetic circuits, and spatial configurations can be varied to tune performance. We suggest that this work may provide insight into the signaling which occurs in synthetically assembled systems as well as native microbial communities.

Chun, Kayla↗

Civil tiltrotor missions and applications. Phase 2: The commercial passenger market

The commercial passenger market for the civil tiltrotor was examined in phase 2. A market responsive commercial tiltrotor was found to be technically feasible, and a significant worldwide market potential was found to exist for such an aircraft, especially for relieving congestion in urban area-to-urban area service and for providing cost effective hub airport feeder service. Potential technical obstacles of community noise, vertiport area navigation, surveillance, and control, and the pilot/aircraft interface were determined to be surmountable. Nontechnical obstacles relating to national commitment and leadership and development of ground and air infrastructure were determined to be more difficult to resolve; an innovative public/private partnership is suggested to allow coordinated development of an initial commercial tiltrotor network to relieve congestion in the crowded US Northeast corridor by the year 2000.

Thompson, P.↗

Extended Operating Configuration 2 (EOC-2) Design Document

This document describes the design and plan of the Extended Operating Configuration 2 (EOC-2) for the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation division (NAS). It covers the changes in the computing environment for the period of '93-'94. During this period the computation capability at NAS will have quadrupled. The first section summarizes this paper: the NAS mission is to provide, by the year 2000, a computing system capable of simulating an entire aerospace vehicle in a few hours. This will require 100 GigaFlops sustained performance. The second section contains information about the NAS user community and the computational model used for projecting future requirements. In the third section, the overall requirements are presented, followed by a summary of the target EOC-2 system. The following sections cover, in more detail, each major component that will have undergone change during EOC-2: the high speed processor, mass storage, workstations, and networks.

Barkai, David↗

Generic Divide and Conquer Internet-Based Computing

The growth of Internet-based applications and the proliferation of networking technologies have been transforming traditional commercial application areas as well as computer and computational sciences and engineering. This growth stimulates the exploration of Peer to Peer (P2P) software technologies that can open new research and application opportunities not only for the commercial world, but also for the scientific and high-performance computing applications community. The general goal of this project is to achieve better understanding of the transition to Internet-based high-performance computing and to develop solutions for some of the technical challenges of this transition. In particular, we are interested in creating long-term motivation for end users to provide their idle processor time to support computationally intensive tasks. We believe that a practical P2P architecture should provide useful service to both clients with high-performance computing needs and contributors of lower-end computing resources. To achieve this, we are designing dual -service architecture for P2P high-performance divide-and conquer computing; we are also experimenting with a prototype implementation. Our proposed architecture incorporates a master server, utilizes dual satellite servers, and operates on the Internet in a dynamically changing large configuration of lower-end nodes provided by volunteer contributors. A dual satellite server comprises a high-performance computing engine and a lower-end contributor service engine. The computing engine provides generic support for divide and conquer computations. The service engine is intended to provide free useful HTTP-based services to contributors of lower-end computing resources. Our proposed architecture is complementary to and accessible from computational grids, such as Globus, Legion, and Condor. Grids provide remote access to existing higher-end computing resources; in contrast, our goal is to utilize idle processor time of lower-end Internet nodes. Our project is focused on a generic divide and conquer paradigm and on mobile applications of this paradigm that can operate on a loose and ever changing pool of lower-end Internet nodes.

Follen, Gregory J.↗

Data Visualization and Analysis Tools for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Validation Network

The Validation Network (VN) prototype for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission compares data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite Precipitation Radar (PR) to similar measurements from U.S. and international operational weather radars. This prototype is a major component of the GPM Ground Validation System (GVS). The VN provides a means for the precipitation measurement community to identify and resolve significant discrepancies between the ground radar (GR) observations and similar satellite observations. The VN prototype is based on research results and computer code described by Anagnostou et al. (2001), Bolen and Chandrasekar (2000), and Liao et al. (2001), and has previously been described by Morris, et al. (2007). Morris and Schwaller (2009) describe the PR-GR volume-matching algorithm used to create the VN match-up data set used for the comparisons. This paper describes software tools that have been developed for visualization and statistical analysis of the original and volume matched PR and GR data.

Morris, Kenneth R.↗

Data Visualization and Analysis Tools for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Validation Network

The Validation Network (VN) prototype for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission compares data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite Precipitation Radar (PR) to similar measurements from U.S. and international operational weather radars. This prototype is a major component of the GPM Ground Validation System (GVS). The VN provides a means for the precipitation measurement community to identify and resolve significant discrepancies between the ground radar (GR) observations and similar satellite observations. The VN prototype is based on research results and computer code described by Anagnostou et al. (2001), Bolen and Chandrasekar (2000), and Liao et al. (2001), and has previously been described by Morris, et al. (2007). Morris and Schwaller (2009) describe the PR-GR volume-matching algorithm used to create the VN match-up data set used for the comparisons. This paper describes software tools that have been developed for visualization and statistical analysis of the original and volume matched PR and GR data.

Morris, K. Robert↗

Solving The Space Weather Problem: A 15+ Year Roadmap to Revolutionize Space Weather Research, Protect NASA Space Assets, and Enable Robust Operations

The White Paper (WP) describes a roadmap to address the Space Weather (SpWx) problem. It presents a strategic vision of how a community-wide effort could be organized and implemented to enable transformative advancement in SpWx research and ultimately, in applications. We envision a ‘system-of-systems’—an integrated web of SpWx stations and state-ofthe-art modeling facilities to enable a transformative advance in SpWx nowcasting and forecasting (Figure 1). The Space Weather Aggregated Network of Systems (SWANS) will enable space situational awareness for end-users invested in spaceflight operations, infrastructure risk mitigation, and future human endeavors in space exploration while profoundly transforming Heliophysics research.

A Vourrlidas↗

Machine-learning-enabled on-the-fly analysis of RHEED patterns during thin film deposition by molecular beam epitaxy

Thin film deposition is a fundamental technology for the discovery, optimization, and manufacturing of functional materials. Deposition by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) typically employs reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) as a real-time in situ probe of the growing film. However, the state-of-the-art for RHEED analysis during deposition requires human observation. Here, we present an approach using machine learning (ML) methods to monitor, analyze, and interpret RHEED images on-the-fly during thin film deposition. In the analysis workflow, RHEED pattern images are collected at one frame per second and featurized using a pretrained deep convolutional neural network. The feature vectors are then statistically analyzed to identify changepoints; these changepoints can be related to changes in the deposition mode from initial film nucleation to a transition regime, smooth film deposition, and in some cases, an additional transition to a rough, islanded deposition regime. The feature vectors are additionally analyzed via graph analysis and community classification. The graph is quantified as a stabilization plot, and we show that inflection points in the stabilization plot correspond to changes in the growth regime. The full RHEED analysis workflow is termed RHAAPsody and includes data transfer and output to a visual dashboard. We demonstrate the functionality of RHAAPsody by analyzing the precaptured RHEED images from epitaxial depositions of anatase TiO2 on SrTiO3(001) and show that the analysis workflow can be executed in less than 1 s. Our approach shows promise as one component of ML-enabled real-time feedback control of the MBE deposition process.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility 2020 Decadal Vision

The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility was established in 1989 by the U.S Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) to provide an observational basis for studying the Earth’s climate. ARM began collecting observations in 1992 and was designated a user facility in 2003. The facility includes a network of extensively instrumented long-term fixed-location observatories and mobile facilities. The ARM facility also includes an aerial component to augment these ground-based measurements. Because of the diversity of in situ and remotely obtained observations, ARM’s data management infrastructure is designed to collect, process, and deliver data to the research community.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

GROWTH on S190814bv: Deep Synoptic Limits on the Optical/Near-infrared Counterpart to a Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger

On 2019 August 14, the Advanced LIGO and Virgo interferometers detected the high-significance gravitational wave (GW) signal S190814bv. The GW data indicated that the event resulted from a neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger, or potentially a low-mass binary BH merger. Due to the low false-alarm rate and the precise localization (23 deg 2 at 90%), S190814bv presented the community with the best opportunity yet to directly observe an optical/near-infrared counterpart to an NSBH merger. To search for potential counterparts, the GROWTH Collaboration performed real-time image subtraction on six nights of public Dark Energy Camera images acquired in the 3 weeks following the merger, covering >98% of the localization probability. Using a worldwide network of follow-up facilities, we systematically undertook spectroscopy and imaging of optical counterpart candidates. Combining these data with a photometric redshift catalog, we ruled out each candidate as the counterpart to S190814bv and placed deep, uniform limits on the optical emission associated with S190814bv. For the nearest consistent GW distance, radiative transfer simulations of NSBH mergers constrain the ejecta mass of S190814bv to be M ej < 0.04 M ⊙ at polar viewing angles, or M ej < 0.03 M ⊙ if the opacity is κ < 2 cm 2 g -1 . Assuming a tidal deformability for the NS at the high end of the range compatible with GW170817 results, our limits would constrain the BH spin component aligned with the orbital momentum to be χ < 0.7 for mass ratios Q < 6, with weaker constraints for more compact NSs.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

The Crustal Dynamics Data Information System: A Resource to Support Scientific Analysis Using Space Geodesy

Since 1982. the Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS) has supported the archive and distribution of geodetic data products acquired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as well as national and international programs. The CDDIS provides easy, timely, and reliable access to a variety of data sets, products, and information about these data. These measurements. obtained from a global network of nearly 650 instruments at more than 400 distinct sites, include DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), SLR and LLR (Satellite and Lunar Laser Ranging), and VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). The CDDIS data system and its archive have become increasingly important to many national and international science communities, particularly several of the operational services within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and its observing system the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), including the International DORIS Service (IDS), the International GNSS Service (IGS). the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS), the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). and the International Earth rotation and Reference frame Service (IERS), Investigations resulting from the data and products available through the CDDIS support research in many aspects of Earth system science and global change. Each month, the CDDIS archives more than one million data and derived product files totaling over 90 Gbytes in volume. In turn. the global user community downloads nearly 1.2 TBytes (over 10.5 million files) of data and products from the CDDIS each month. The requirements of analysts have evolved since the start of the CDDIS; the specialized nature of the system accommodates the enhancements required to support diverse data sets and user needs. This paper discusses the CDDIS. including background information about the system and its. user communities. archive contents. available metadata, and future plans.

Noll. Carey E.↗

GROWTH on S190814bv: Deep Synoptic Limits on the Optical/Near-infrared Counterpart to a Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger

On 2019 August 14, the Advanced LIGO and Virgo interferometers detected the high-significance gravitational wave (GW) signal S190814bv. The GW data indicated that the event resulted from a neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger, or potentially a low-mass binary BH merger. Due to the low false-alarm rate and the precise localization (23 deg^(2) at 90%), S190814bv presented the community with the best opportunity yet to directly observe an optical/near-infrared counterpart to an NSBH merger. To search for potential counterparts, the GROWTH Collaboration performed real-time image subtraction on six nights of public Dark Energy Camera images acquired in the 3 weeks following the merger, covering >98% of the localization probability. Using a worldwide network of follow-up facilities, we systematically undertook spectroscopy and imaging of optical counterpart candidates. Combining these data with a photometric redshift catalog, we ruled out each candidate as the counterpart to S190814bv and placed deep, uniform limits on the optical emission associated with S190814bv. For the nearest consistent GW distance, radiative transfer simulations of NSBH mergers constrain the ejecta mass of S190814bv to be M(ej) < 0.04 Mꙩ at polar viewing angles, or M(ej) < 0.03 Mꙩ if the opacity is κ < 2 sq.cm/g. Assuming a tidal deformability for the NS at the high end of the range compatible with GW170817 results, our limits would constrain the BH spin component aligned with the orbital momentum to be χ < 0.7 for mass ratios Q < 6, with weaker constraints for more compact NSs.

Igor Andreoni↗

Revisiting the Ground Magnetic Field Perturbations Challenge: A Machine Learning Perspective

Forecasting ground magnetic field perturbations has been a long-standing goal of the space weather community. The availability of ground magnetic field data and its potential to be used in geomagnetically induced current studies, such as risk assessment, have resulted in several forecasting efforts over the past few decades. One particular community effort was the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) challenge of ground magnetic field perturbations that evaluated the predictive capacity of several empirical and first principles models at both mid- and high-latitudes in order to choose an operative model. In this work, we use three different deep learning models-a feed-forward neural network, a long short-term memory recurrent network and a convolutional neural network-to forecast the horizontal component of the ground magnetic field rate of change (dB H /dt) over 6 different ground magnetometer stations and to compare as directly as possible with the original GEM challenge. We find that, in general, the models are able to perform at similar levels to those obtained in the original challenge, although the performance depends heavily on the particular storm being evaluated. We then discuss the limitations of such a comparison on the basis that the original challenge was not designed with machine learning algorithms in mind.

Victor A. Pinto↗

West Gate

West Gate is the fourth U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship Program (LEEP), which launched with its first cohort in September 2022. Selected innovators are embedded at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for two years to access its world-class expertise and facilities. West Gate aligns with the LEEP mission to enable the most promising cleantech entrepreneurs to develop game-changing technologies for a clean energy future. With this in mind, West Gate welcomed Cohort 1 innovators working in materials circularity, building electrification, energy storage, and energy generation. Leveraging the power of the LEEP brand and the NREL network, West Gate is a hub for innovations vital to building a clean energy economy. Working with partners at the Colorado School of Mines, LabStart, Rockies Venture Club, and countless leaders in Colorado's energy ecosystem, West Gate provides innovators with support and training as they build their businesses and make an impact in the energy community.

clean energy↗

The Training Process of the Organization Development and Training Office

The Organization Development and Training Office provides training and development opportunities to employees at NASA Glenn Research Center, as a division of the Office of Human Resources and Workforce Planning. Center-wide required trainings, new employee trainings, workshops and career development programs are organized by the OD&TO staff. They also arrange all academic, non-academic, headquarters, fellowship and learning center sponsored courses. They also service organizations wishing to work more effectively by facilitating teambuilding exercises. Equal Opportunity programs and upward mobility programs such as the STEP and GO programs for administrative staff. In working with my mentor I am very involved with Cuyahoga Community College classes, mandatory supervisory training and administrative staff workshops. My largest tasks are in the secretarial training category. The Supporting Organizations And Relationships workshop for administrative personnel, commonly known as SOAR, began last year and continued this summer with follow-up workshops. Months before a workshop or class is brought to Glenn, a need has to be realized. In this case, administrative staff did not feel they had an opportunity to receive relevant training and develop skills through teambuilding, networking and communication. A Statement of work is then created as several companies are contacted about providing the training. After the company best suited to meet the target group s needs is selected, the course is announced with an outline of all pertinent information. A reservation for a facility is made and applications or nominations, depending on the announcement s guidelines, are received from interested employees. Confirmations are sent to participants and final preparations are made but there are still several concluding steps. A training office staff member also assists the facilitator with setting up the facility and introducing the class. After the class, participants evaluations are read and summarized to determine the effectiveness of the class and instructor. In addition to the SOAR workshops, I have several projects and daily tasks to complete. Coding training applications, which require me to be familiar with Glenn s budgetary allocations and policies on training, is an ongoing process. It also requires verifying information reported by an employee via her C-478 form, more commonly known as the training application. I am also the point of contact for the Cuyahoga Community College Advising Sessions held here at NASA Glenn which involves coordinating counselors visits with employees schedules. Two databases had to be created. The first database holds information on administrative staff, and the other tracks supervisors training histories. Through these assignments I gained experience in Microsoft Access 2002 and spreadsheet creation, communicating with co-workers, and successfully facilitating a training to serve specific purposes. With trainings and evaluations to assessment them, the Organization Development and Training Office can assure a quality product and continued customer satisfaction.

Johnson, Melissa S.↗