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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Gross tumor volume confidence maps prediction for soft tissue sarcomas from multi-modality medical images using a diffusion model
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Machine learning mapping of lattice correlated data
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Mapping the phases of quantum chromodynamics with beam energy scan
We review the present status of the search for a phase transition and critical point as well as anomalous transport phenomena in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), with an emphasis on the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We present the conceptual framework and discuss the observables deemed most sensitive to a phase transition, QCD critical point, and anomalous transport, focusing on fluctuation and correlation measurements. Selected experimental results for these observables together with those characterizing the global properties of the systems created in heavy ion collisions are presented. We then discuss what can be already learned from the currently available data about the QCD critical point and anomalous transport as well as what additional measurements and theoretical developments are needed in order to discover these phenomena.
Mapping bull kelp canopy in northern California using Landsat to enable long-term monitoring
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A neural network-based method for satellite-based mapping of sediment-laden sea ice in the Arctic
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Derivation and evaluation of Landsat-derived annual aboveground biomass maps for Arctic and Boreal North America, 1984-2022
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Improved mapping of Arctic fractional land cover and land cover change from multi-resolution optical remote sensing
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Deep learning for reconstructing protein structures from cryo-EM density maps: Recent advances and future directions
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Systematic mapping on the evaluation of electrochemical CO2 conversion to fuels/chemicals/value-added products and way forward for breakthroughs in electrocatalysis
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Global mapping of urban thermal anisotropy reveals substantial potential biases for remotely sensed urban climates
Urban thermal anisotropy (UTA) drastically biases satellite-derived urban surface temperatures and fluxes, and consequently inhibits a more comprehensive understanding of global urban climates. However, UTA patterns and associated biases in observed urban climate variables have not been investigated across an adequate number of global cities with diverse contexts; nor is it known whether there are globally measurable factors that are closely related to the UTA intensity (UTAI, quantified as the maximum difference between the nadir and off-nadir urban thermal radiation). Here we investigate the UTAI over more than 5500 cities worldwide using the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) multi-angle land surface temperature (LST) observations from 2003 to 2021. The results show that the global mean UTAI can reach 5.1, 2.7, 2.4, and 1.7 K during summer daytime, winter daytime, summer nighttime, and winter nighttime, respectively. Using nadir LST observations as a reference, our analysis reveals that UTA can lead to an underestimation of satellite-based urban surface sensible heat fluxes ( H ) by 45.4% and surface urban heat island intensity ( I s ) by 43.0% when using LST observations obtained from sensor viewing zenith angles (VZAs) of ±60°. However, practitioners can limit the biases of H and I s within ±10% by using LSTs from sensor VZAs within ±30°. We find that UTAI is closely related to urban impervious surface percentage and surface air temperature across global cities. In conclusion, these findings have implications for angular normalization of satellite-retrieved instantaneous LST observations across cities worldwide.
Mapping the lived experience of rural substance use stigma: A conceptual framework of salient attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in people who use drugs
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Mapping structural and dynamic divergence across the MBOAT family
Membrane-bound O-acyltransferases (MBOATs) are membrane-embedded enzymes that catalyze acyl chain transfer to a diverse group of substrates, including lipids, small molecules, and proteins. MBOATs share a conserved structural core, despite wide-ranging functional specificity across both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The structural basis of catalytic specificity, regulation and interactions with the surrounding environment remain uncertain. Here, we combine comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with bioinformatics to assess molecular and interactional divergence across the family. In simulations, MBOATs differentially distort the bilayer depending on their substrate type. Additionally, we identify lipid binding sites surrounding reactant gates in the surrounding membrane. Complementary bioinformatic analyses reveal a conserved role for re-entrant loop-2 in MBOAT fold stabilization and a key hydrogen bond bridging DGAT1 dimerization. Finally, we predict differences in MBOAT solvation and water gating properties. These data are pertinent to the design of MBOAT-specific inhibitors that encompass dynamic information within cellular mimetic environments.
Modeling experimental low energy ion scattering multi-angle maps with molecular dynamics FAN
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Global mapping of surface 500-m anthropogenic heat flux supported by multi-source data
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