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At least 955 records · Page 53

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NASA NTRS2017

Ask-the-Expert: Active Learning Based Knowledge Discovery Using the Expert

Often the manual review of large data sets, either for purposes of labeling unlabeled instances or for classifying meaningful results from uninteresting (but statistically significant) ones is extremely resource intensive, especially in terms of subject matter expert (SME) time. Use of active learning has been shown to diminish this review time significantly. However, since active learning is an iterative process of learning a classifier based on a small number of SME-provided labels at each iteration, the lack of an enabling tool can hinder the process of adoption of these technologies in real-life, in spite of their labor-saving potential. In this demo we present ASK-the-Expert, an interactive tool that allows SMEs to review instances from a data set and provide labels within a single framework. ASK-the-Expert is powered by an active learning algorithm for training a classifier in the back end. We demonstrate this system in the context of an aviation safety application, but the tool can be adopted to work as a simple review and labeling tool as well, without the use of active learning.

GUI↗

NASA NTRS1985

A modeling analysis program for the JPL table mountain Io sodium cloud

Progress and achievements in the first year are discussed in three main areas: (1) review and assessment of the massive JPL Table Mountain Io sodium cloud data set, (2) formulation and execution of a plan to perform further processing of this data set, and (3) initiation of modeling activities. The complete 1976-79 and 1981 data sets are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the superior 1981 Region B/C images which provide a rich base of information for studying the structure and escape of gases from Io as well as possible east-west and magnetic longitudinal asymmetries in the plasma torus. A data processing plan is developed and is undertaken by the Multimission Image Processing Laboratory of JPL for the purpose of providing a more refined and complete data set for our modeling studies in the second year. Modeling priorities are formulated and initial progress in achieving these goals is reported.

Smyth, W. H.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Trade-off analysis of modes of data handling for earth resources (ERS), volume 1

Data handling requirements are reviewed for earth observation missions along with likely technology advances. Parametric techniques for synthesizing potential systems are developed. Major tasks include: (1) review of the sensors under development and extensions of or improvements in these sensors; (2) development of mission models for missions spanning land, ocean, and atmosphere observations; (3) summary of data handling requirements including the frequency of coverage, timeliness of dissemination, and geographic relationships between points of collection and points of dissemination; (4) review of data routing to establish ways of getting data from the collection point to the user; (5) on-board data processing; (6) communications link; and (7) ground data processing. A detailed synthesis of three specific missions is included.

Source record↗

DOE OSTI2021

Soil Organic Matter Characterization by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICR MS): A Critical Review of Sample Preparation, Analysis, and Data Interpretation

Not provided.

Engineering↗

DOE OSTI2020

Analytical Functions for 200 West Pump-and-Treat SCADA Sensor Data

Historical operations at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hanford Site included disposal of waste fluids to the subsurface in the 200 West Area on the Hanford Central Plateau. Subsequent infiltration of fluids has resulted in groundwater contamination with carbon tetrachloride, nitrate, uranium, technetium-99, and other contaminants. A pump-and-treat (P&T) system, with an extraction/injection well network and an aboveground treatment plant, was implemented as part of interim and final remedies in the 200 West area. The HYPATIA single-page web application (part of the SOCRATES suite) is being developed to provide access to and analysis of chemistry and treatment facility sensor data for this 200 West P&T system. For the web application, analytical algorithms were developed to perform summing, differencing, smoothing, outlier detection, change-point detection, mass flow rate, and injectivity calculations on the data. Candidate algorithms were identified and tested, with the best-performing algorithms then assembled for implementation in HYPATIA. Because HYPATIA is hosted on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud computing platform, algorithms were implemented in a back-end AWS Lambda function that can be called by the HYPATIA front end. The Lambda function applies the requested data processing to specified data via functions written in R, Python, and JavaScript. Development, testing, and review of the data analysis algorithms was completed under an NQA-1 quality program. This new HYPATIA functionality will provide information to support site decisions regarding P&T system performance and optimization.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2023

Review and Summary of Oxide Thickness Data for Aluminum-Clad Spent Nuclear Fuel

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) owns a large inventory of aluminum-clad spent nuclear fuel (ASNF) in interim storage pending ultimate disposition, with more being generated by currently operating research reactors. Dry storage in sealed DOE Standard Canisters is being investigated as an approach for long-term interim storage and/or disposition in a repository for ASNF. A primary challenge for ASNF storage is the presence of aluminum (oxy)hydroxide layers formed on the cladding surfaces during water exposure in the reactor and in wet storage, which forms a reservoir of chemisorbed water not readily removed at low (<100°C) drying temperatures. Free, physisorbed, and chemisorbed water are all susceptible to radiolytic breakdown under irradiation and can release hydrogen gas. Identifying the likely range of (oxy)hydroxide loadings on ASNF that may be placed in dry storage will help to ensure that the impact of the (oxy)hydroxide is adequately accounted for while avoiding over conservatism and enable mitigation strategies to be implemented where needed. The current report summarizes information on (oxy)hydroxide thicknesses and characteristics from the literature and from recent measurements taken in the present research campaign. In general, corrosion studies have indicated that the corrosion and oxide buildup on aluminum are affected by numerous conditions, including pH, temperature and heat flux, coolant flowrates, irradiation (in-reactor vs. unirradiated tests), duration of water exposure, and the amount of oxide already on the surface. Some of these factors are interrelated (e.g., the local temperature, heat flux, and coolant flowrate). Observations of the impact of irradiation (in-reactor versus ex-reactor measurements) on corrosion and oxide thickness are mixed, but multiple studies indicate that there is a significant difference between in-reactor and ex-reactor corrosion kinetics, even when other operating conditions such as pH, flowrate, heat flux, etc., simulate those in a reactor.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Comprehensive Review of Multi-arm Caliper Data for the Big Hill SPR Site

The Big Hill SPR site has a rich data set consisting of multi-arm caliper (MAC) logs collected from the cavern wells. This data set provides insight into the on-going casing deformation at the Big Hill site. This report summarizes the MAC surveys for each well and presents well longevity estimates where possible. Included in the report is an examination of the well twins for each cavern and a discussion on what may or may not be responsible for the different levels of deformation between some of the well twins. The report also takes a systematic view of the MAC data presenting spatial patterns of casing deformation and deformation orientation in an effort to better understand the underlying causes. The conclusions present a hypothesis suggesting the small-scale variations in casing deformation are attributable to similar scale variations in the character of the salt-caprock interface. These variations do not appear directly related to shear zones or faults.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2024

2024 Update of Comprehensive Review of Multi-arm Caliper Data for the Big Hill SPR Site

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

NASA NTRS1972

Data collection and preparation of authoritative reviews on space food and nutrition research

The collection and classification of information for a manually operated information retrieval system on the subject of space food and nutrition research are described. The system as it currently exists is designed for retrieval of documents, either in hard copy or on microfiche, from the technical files of the MSC Food and Nutrition Section by accession number, author, and/or subject. The system could readily be extended to include retrieval by affiliation, report and contract number, and sponsoring agency should the need arise. It can also be easily converted to computerized retrieval. At present the information retrieval system contains nearly 3000 documents which consist of technical papers, contractors' reports, and reprints obtained from the food and nutrition files at MSC, Technical Library, the library at the Texas Medical Center in Houston, the BMI Technical Libraries, Dr. E. B. Truitt at MBI, and the OSU Medical Libraries. Additional work was done to compile 18 selected bibliographies on subjects of immediate interest on the MSC Food and Nutrition Section.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1976

Signature extension for spectral variation in soils, volume 4

The reduced 1975-1976 field data at Garden City, Kansas are presented. These data are being used to evaluate the SRVC model predictions, to compare the ERIM-SUITS model with both the SRVC results and field data, and finally, to provide a data base for reviewing multitemporal trajectories. In particular, the applicability of the tasselled cap transformation is reviewed. The first detailed verification of this approach utilizing actual field measured data from the LACIE field measurement program, rather than LANDSAT data, is given.

Berry, J. K.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Fluid dynamics of inducers - A review

The objective of this paper is to review the experimental and analytical investigations on the fluid dynamic aspects of noncavitating inducers. Various analyses available for the prediction of the flow field, starting from the simple radial equilibrium analysis to the numerical solution of exact three-dimensional inviscid and viscid flow equations, are reviewed. The experimental data on the overall inducer performance, rotor blade passage measurements, and boundary layer on rotor blades are critically examined. Some of the available data have been reinterpreted to provide suitable guidance to the designer. The review and the concluding remarks include a global view of the state-of-the-art and applicability of the research to design, and some viewpoints on the analysis and design of inducers.

Lakshminarayana, B.↗

NASA NTRS1987

Design of Software for Design of Finite Element for Structural Analysis

The concepts of software engineering which allow a user of the finite element method to describe a model, to collect and to check the model data in a data base as well as to form the matrices required for a finite element calculation are examined. Next the components of the model description are conceived including the mesh tree, the topology, the configuration, the kinematic boundary conditions, the data for each element, and the loads. The possibilities for description and review of the data are considered. The concept of the segments for the modularization of the programs follows the components of the model description. The significance of the mesh tree as a globular guiding structure will be understood in view of the principle of the unity of the model, the mesh tree, and the data base. The user-friendly aspects of the software system will be summarized: the principle of language communication, the data generators, error processing, and data security.

Helfrich, Reinhard↗

NASA NTRS1987

Model 360 rotor test at DNW - Review of performance and blade airload data

The results of tests on a pressure gage instrumented model rotor, performed at the Duits Nederlandse Windtunnel (DNW) are discussed. The rotor, which was a 1/5 scale model of the Boeing Vertol model 360 rotor, was tested both in the anechoic open jet test section, and in the 8 x 6 m closed test section of the DNW. The wind tunnel, the blade instrumentation, and the test conditions are described, and data on rotor performance, blade and control loads, and blade-pressure and acoustic measurements are presented.

Dadone, Leo↗

NASA NTRS1991

The Magsat bibliography. Revision 1

Publications related to the Magsat project number 402, as of February 1991 are presented. Of these, 44 deal with analysis of the Earth's main magnetic field, 209 deal with analysis of the Earth's crustal field, 43 make use of Magsat-based main field models, and 63 deal with analyses of the magnetic field originating external to the Earth. The remainder documents the Magsat program, satellite, instruments, or data, or are review papers or books which use or refer to Magsat and its data. The Bibliography is divided into two parts; the first lists all papers by first author, and the second is subdivided by topic.

Langel, R. A.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Review of boundary layer transition flight data on the Space Shuttle Orbiter

Both thermocouple data and flight-derived axial force coefficients have been used to determine the freestream flight conditions at which boundary-layer transition occurs on the windward surface of the Space Shuttle Orbiter during reentry. Boundary-layer-edge local flow conditions corresponding to transition at thermocouple locations on the Orbiter windward centerline have also been computed. Tables of the freestream conditions and the local flow conditions at transition are included. Transition occurred over a freestream Mach number range of 6.6 to 17.9 and Reynolds number range of (2.3-9.6) x 10 to the 6th. The roughness state of the Orbiter vehicles is also discussed and correlated to the occurrence of transition. Using the distributed roughness transition correlation of Bertin et al. (1982), a flight-derived roughness height of 0.061 inches was obtained. An average flight-derived roughness height of 0.103 inches for a discrete roughness element in the nose region was obtained using the correlation of Van Driest and Blumer (1968).

Bouslog, S. A.↗

NASA NTRS1957

Handbook of structural stability part IV : failure of plates and composite elements

Available theories on failure of flat plates are reviewed, and test data on the postbuckling behavior, effective width, and failure of flat curved plates are correlated. Test data on the crippling strength of various formed and extruded shapes are reviewed, from which a generalized method of crippling analysis is formulated. This analysis is then applied to a variety of sections and materials in common use.

Gerard, George↗

DOE OSTI2021

The Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer: A Review of On-Orbit Sensor Performance, Data, Operations, and Science

Measurements from NASA’s Van Allen Probes have transformed our understanding of the dynamics of Earth’s geomagnetically-trapped, charged particle radiation. The Van Allen Probes were equipped with the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometers (MagEIS) that measured energetic and relativistic electrons, along with energetic ions, in the radiation belts. Accurate and routine measurement of these particles was of fundamental importance towards achieving the scientific goals of the mission. We provide a comprehensive review of the MagEIS suite’s on-orbit performance, operation, and data products, along with a summary of scientific results. The purpose of this review is to serve as a complement to the MagEIS instrument paper, which was largely completed before flight and thus focused on pre-flight design and performance characteristics. As is the case with all space-borne instrumentation, the anticipated sensor performance was found to be different once on orbit. Our intention is to provide sufficient detail on the MagEIS instruments so that future generations of researchers can understand the subtleties of the sensors, profit from these unique measurements, and continue to unlock the mysteries of the near-Earth space radiation environment.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

NASA NTRS1980

Soil erosion and sediment control laws. A review of state laws and their natural resource data requirements

Twenty states, the District of Columbia, and the Virgin Islands enacted erosion and sediment control legislation during the past decade to provide for the implementation or the strengthening of statewide erosion and sediment control plans for rural and/or urban lands. That legislation and the state programs developed to implement these laws are quoted and reviewed. The natural resource data requirements of each program are also extracted. The legislation includes amendments to conservation district laws, water quality laws, and erosion and sediment control laws. Laws which provides for legislative review of administrative regulations and LANDSAT applications and/or information systems that were involved in implementing or gathering data for a specific soil erosion and sediment control program are summarized as well as principal concerns affecting erosion and sediment control laws.

Klein, S. B.↗