Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “FILES”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53

Meteorological Variables and Energy Fluxes at the Pumphouse Site, Crested Butte, CO 2017-2019

This data contains output from the pumphouse eddy covariance tower that includes shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, net radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, as well as sensible, latent, and ground heat fluxes. Also included is calculated evapotranspiration from the latent heat flux and the latent heat of vaporization. All data are on a daily timestep and displayed in Mountain Time. The data has been processed, and Quality Assurance / Quality Control (QA/QC) was done, but any daily gaps in the data have not been filled in. This research was funded by the Department of Energy and performed as part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area. This research aimed to constrain evapotranspiration in a high-elevation catchment.The dataset includes one comma-separated values (CSV) data file (EddyCovariance_MeteorlogicalVariables_CrestedButtePumphouse.csv). Additionally, three metadata CSV files are included: (1) location metadata file (locations.csv), which contains location metadata and coordinates; (2) a file-level metadata (flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata; and (3) a data dictionary (dd.csv) file that contains column/row headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type.This work was supported by the Watershed Function Science Focus Area at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Meteorological and Soil Data from Ecohydrology Sensor Towers at Pump House and Snodgrass Mountain in East River Watershed, Colorado, 2019-2025

This data package includes hourly meteorological and soil sensor data at eight ecohydrology monitoring sites in East River Watershed, Colorado as part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (WFSFA) research led by Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL). Four field sites were located on the hillslope of East River (ER) near Pump House (PH) at Mount Crested Butte (ER-PHS1 to 4), and the other four are in the Snodgrass Mountain (SG) area (SG-EHS5 to 8). In terms of vegetation cover, three sites are in montane grasslands (ER-PHS1, ER-PHS2, and SG-EHS5), three are below evergreen conifer canopy (ER-PHS3, SG-EHS6, and SG-EHS7), and two are below deciduous aspen canopy (ER-PHS4 and SG-EHS8). The monitoring period began in October 2019 at the East River sites, in October 2020 at SG-EHS5 and SG-EHS6, and in October 2021 at SG-EHS7 and SG-EHS8. In September 2024, all four East River sites were fully retired. The four Snodgrass Mountain sites remain active. Each site is equipped with a comprehensive suite of meteorological sensors on a tripod and soil sensors that measure weather, energy fluxes, and soil variables. This data package includes measurements from ten different types of sensors and up to thirteen individual sensors per site, including (1) a weather station (measurement height ranges from 2.8~3.8 meters (m) above ground), (2) a quantum sensor for photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) (2.4~3.3m), (3) a net radiometer (1.7~2.1m), (4) an infrared radiometer (1.6~2.2m), (5) a sonic distance sensor (1.5~1.9m), (6) a soil carbon dioxide (CO2) flux chamber (0m), (7) a soil heat flux plate (-0.05m below ground), (8) a soil oxygen sensor (-0.3m), (9) a soil water potential sensor (-0.3m), and (10) soil water content sensors at 3~4 depths (-1.15 ~ -0.1m). A total of twenty-three variables is reported in this data package, including (1) atmospheric variables: air temperature (TA), atmospheric pressure (PA), vapor pressure (VP), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD), (2) precipitation variables: rain precipitation (P) and snow depth (D_SNOW), (3) energy fluxes variables: four-component net radiation (NETRAD) (shortwave/longwave incoming/outgoing radiation, SW_IN, SW_OUT, LW_IN, LW_OUT), photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), and soil heat flux (G), (4) soil variables: soil water content (SWC), soil water potential (SWP), soil temperature (TS), soil bulk electrical conductivity (COND_SOIL), and soil gaseous oxygen concentration (O2_SOIL), (5) wind variables: two-dimensional wind speed (WS), gust speed (WS_MAX), and wind direction (WD), and (6) surface variables: surface infrared temperature (T_CANOPY) and soil CO2 flux (CO2_SOIL). Please see the Methods section for data processing and QA/QC steps taken to generate the hourly datasets. The following files are included in this data package (notes on version: v{x}-{y}, where x is the metadata version, and y is the data version, when applicable): (1) “metadata_site_v{x}-{y}.csv” - a site metadata file that summarizes location information of all sites, including site ID, description, coordinates, timeframe, elevation, and vegetation cover, (2) “metadata_instrument_v{x}-{y}.csv” - an instrument metadata file that summarizes sensor information of all sites, including sensor manufacturer and model, measurement height, and sampling and averaging interval of all variables, (3) "data_{SITE_ID}_v{x}-{y}.csv" - eight data files that contain hourly data of each site indicated by {SITE_ID} in the filename, (4) “/figure/data_{SITE_ID}_v{x}-{y}.png" - eight figures that help visualize data of each site indicated by {SITE_ID} in the filename, (5) “/photo/*” - photos of each site indicated by {SITE_ID} in the filename, and (6) four file level metadata (flmd.csv) and data dictionary (*_dd.csv) files that summarize file, header, column, and variable information of all files. Notes: (1) Measurement height: Each variable name is followed by conventional positional qualifiers “H_V_R”, where H indicates the relative horizontal positions of that specific variable, V the vertical positions, and R the replicates. In this data package, only the vertical qualifier V varies, and V increases from the highest vertical position (V=1) to the lowest. Variables with the same qualifier are not necessarily measured by the same sensor, and the same variable with the same qualifier across different sites are not necessarily measured at the same height. Please refer to “metadata_instrument.csv” for the sensor information and measurement heights, and whether a variable is measured below the canopy. (2) Variable availability: Snow depth is not available at ER-PHS3 and SG-EHS7. SWC, soil temperature, and soil bulk EC at the deepest depth (<-1m) are not available at SG-EHS6 and SG-EHS7. The missing value code for numeric variables is -9999, except for SWP. For SWP, the missing value code is +9999, because SWP values are negative. (3) Sampling frequency: Please refer to “metadata_instrument.csv” for the increase of sampling frequency of some variables from 30-min to 1-min at ER-PHS1 to 4 in July 2020. (4) Sensors: While the methods of each sensor are not detailed, all sensors are commercially available, and their methods can be found in their manuals. Please refer to “metadata_instrument.csv” for the sensor manufacturer and model information. This work was supported by the Watershed Function Science Focus Area at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Data and scripts associated with a manuscript modeling microbial regulation of priming effects

This data package is associated with the publication “Modeling Microbial Regulatory Feedback in Organic Matter Decomposition Identifies Copiotrophic Traits as Key Drivers of Positive Priming” published as a preprint on BioRXiv by Ahamed et al. (2026); https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.11.607483. The package contains MATLAB scripts and saved simulation outputs used to implement a cybernetic model of microbial regulation during complex organic matter (OM) decomposition governing priming effects. It includes models of (i) single microbial functional groups (copiotrophic or oligotrophic degraders) and (ii) binary consortia composed of degraders and non-degraders with contrasting or common growth traits. Simulation results were generated using Monte Carlo analyses, with randomized key model parameters across a range of environmental mixing fractions of complex and labile OM. The dataset was created to provide a transparent and reusable computational framework for systematically exploring how microbial growth traits, metabolic regulation, and community composition influence OM decomposition dynamics and priming effects. For details on how to navigate data packages generated by this project, see https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA/About. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes the variable definitions. This package includes: (1) annotated MATLAB code implementing the system of ordinary differential equations and cybernetic control laws; (2) saved output files containing data (e.g., biomass, substrates, enzyme levels, priming metrics); and (3) scripts for processing saved outputs and regenerating figures. Specifically, the data package contains three main MATLAB scripts: runPrimingModel.m, runPlotData.m, and runPlotSuppFigS1.m, along with this readme and supporting documentation. Users should begin with runPrimingModel.m, which contains the annotated code implementing the system of ordinary differential equations and cybernetic control laws. This script runs the Monte Carlo simulations of microbial OM decomposition and allows users to modify microbial trait definitions, adjust parameter distributions, or define new community configurations. Simulation outputs are automatically saved as .mat files in the folder named SavedData, which stores all pre-generated results included in this package. The second script, runPlotData.m, reads files from the SavedData folder and processes them to regenerate the figures presented in the manuscript. The third script, runPlotSuppFigS1.m, specifically generates Figure S1 in the Supplementary Material of the manuscript. The package also includes the aforementioned files in non-proprietary .txt format. If users intend to use them, they should first save the files in their respective .m or .mat formats prior to execution in MATLAB.

Biomass concentration↗

WHONDRS 2016 Sediment Organic Matter Characterization Data from Streams across HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon

This dataset supports a broader synoptic effort to map morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions across a fifth-order mountain stream network. Samples were generated through a collaborative synoptic sampling effort in 2016. The dataset provides sediment Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICR-MS) from 60 sites across the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon (https://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu). Related data were collected as part of the event and were published separately in collaboration with other team members. The data are available at http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/ea6c0832885a46c3939e7bb22e48e754 and are described within https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1567-2019 (Ward et al., 2019). The hydroshare data package contains processed FTICR-MS data from the samples included in this data package. The data were processed via Formultitude (previously called Formularity; https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/Formultitude). However, we have re-processed the data using Core-MS and included it in this data package. Additional related data collected in 2025 from a similar effort can be found at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/3023310 and http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/b274c4a234bf4b12b7cb8a54a696c629. For details on how to navigate data packages generated by this project, see https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA/About. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes all column/row headers and variable definitions. This dataset is comprised of (1) a folder of sample data; (2) data dictionary; (3) file-level metadata; (4); (5) coordinates; and (6) readme. The sample data subfolder contains 12 Tesla (12T) FTICR-MS data. This folder contains the processed data and three subfolders, one containing the .xml files, one containing the CoreMS output files, and the other containing instructions and scripts for processing the files in CoreMS (https://github.com/EMSL-Computing/CoreMS). All files are .csv, .pdf, .R, .xml, .Rmd, .py, .cal, or .json.

Biogeochemistry↗

Probabilistic estimation of depth-resolved profiles of soil thermal diffusivity from temperature time series: Supporting Data

This dataset consists of soil temperature time series that were used to estimate soil thermal diffusivity and its uncertainty trough the probabilistic modelling approach developed and presented in the article named "Probabilistic estimation of depth-resolved profiles of soil thermal diffusivity from temperature time series" and published in Earth Surface Dynamics. There are two compressed (.zip) files that contains synthetic (Synthetic_soiltemp_Teller.zip) and field (Field_soiltemp_Teller.zip) data. There is one MATLAB file that requires MATLAB to execute but any text editor can open it. The Synthetic_soiltemp_Teller.zip file includes 5 comma-delimited data files (.csv) each of which contains soil temperature time series generated through forward modeling (i.e., heat-conduction process in a heterogeneous medium using an explicit finite difference method) to mimic various types of temperature gradients, trend and fluctuations. These synthetic soil temperatures were used to investigate the impact of different environmental conditions on the uncertainty of thermal diffusivity estimates. The Field_soiltemp_Teller.zip file contains 28 comma-delimited data files (.csv) out of which (a) 27 files includes soil temperature time series recorded from 27 temperature probes located in a site along Teller Road about 40 km northwest of Nome, Alaska (64.72°N, 165.94°W), (b) one includes the name and coordinates of the 27 probes. These field soil temperatures were used to infer soil thermal diffusivity at numerous locations and depths in a discontinuous permafrost environment, and to evaluate the links between the estimated soil thermal diffusivity values and soil physical properties. The comma-delimited data files (.csv) of the synthetic and field soil temperature time series includes date and time (UTC) in the first column and soil temperature from 5 cm below the ground surface to 1.05 m depth (with 5 or 10 cm spacing between sensors) in the other columns. The measurements were acquired every 15 minutes. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Risk Factor Analysis in Low-Temperature Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis for the Appalachian Basin (GPFA-AB)

This submission contains information used to compute the risk factors for the GPFA-AB project. The risk factors are natural reservoir quality, thermal resource quality, potential for induced seismicity, and utilization. The methods used to combine the risk factors included taking the product, sum, and minimum of the four risk factors. The files are divided into images, rasters, shapefiles, and supporting information. The image files show what the raster and shapefiles should look like. The raster files contain the input risk factors, calculation of the scaled risk factors, and calculation of the combined risk factors. The shapefiles include definition of the fairways, definition of the US Census Places, the center of the raster cells, and locations of industries. Supporting information contains details of the calculations or processing used in generating the files. An image of the raster will have the same name except *.png as the file ending instead of *.tif. Images with 'fairways' or 'industries' added to the name are composed of a raster with the relevant shapefile added. The file About_GPFA-AB_Phase1RiskAnalysisTask5DataUpload.pdf contains information the citation, special use considerations, authorship, etc. ***See 'GPFA-AB.zip' at bottom for compressed and organized version of the files associated with this submission*** **More details (including location) on each file are given in the spreadsheet 'list_of_contents.csv' in the folder 'SupportingInfo'** Code used to calculate values is available: https://github.com/calvinwhealton/geothermal_pfa under the folder 'combining_metrics' - *See link below*

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

Post-fire soil respiration in late growing season (2023 and 2024), Kougarok Fire Complex, Seward Peninsula, Alaska

Field soil respiration data collected in 2023 and 2024 from burned and unburned tussock tundra sites in the Kougarok Fire Complex, near Nome, on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska. Specifically, we measured soil properties and late-growing season CO2 fluxes in patches of unique plant functional types (forbs, shrubs, and graminoids) across two years in tundra recovering from repeated wildfires over the decade. The goal was to identify the main drivers of soil respiration in Arctic tundra underlain by discontinuous permafrost that is recovering from two recent, repeated wildfires that differed in fire age and number of times burned, thereby resulting in different levels of vegetation and subsurface property changes (i.e., successional trajectories). There are five files in *.csv format with one data file and four data description files including data, dictionary, methods, terminology, and file-level metadata. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), is a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic Phase 3 project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

Santos, Fernanda [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000191555623)↗

ENDF/B-VII.1 Neutron Cross Section Data Testing with Critical Assembly Benchmarks and Reactor Experiments

The ENDF/B-VII.1 library is the latest revision to the United States Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF). The ENDF library is currently in its seventh generation, with ENDF/B-VII.0 being released in 2006. This revision expands upon that library, including the addition of new evaluated files (was 393 neutron files previously, now 423 including replacement of elemental vanadium and zinc evaluations with isotopic evaluations) and extension or updating of many existing neutron data files. Complete details are provided in the companion paper [M. B. Chadwick et al., 'ENDF/B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Cross Sections, Covariances, Fission Product Yields and Decay Data,' Nuclear Data Sheets, 112, 2887 (2011)]. This paper focuses on how accurately application libraries may be expected to perform in criticality calculations with these data. Continuous energy cross section libraries, suitable for use with the MCNP Monte Carlo transport code, have been generated and applied to a suite of nearly one thousand critical benchmark assemblies defined in the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project's International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments. This suite covers uranium and plutonium fuel systems in a variety of forms such as metallic, oxide or solution, and under a variety of spectral conditions, including unmoderated (i.e., bare), metal reflected and water or other light element reflected. Assembly eigenvalues that were accurately predicted with ENDF/B-VII.0 cross sections such as unmoderated and uranium reflected {sup 235}U and {sup 239}Pu assemblies, HEU solution systems and LEU oxide lattice systems that mimic commercial PWR configurations continue to be accurately calculated with ENDF/B-VII.1 cross sections, and deficiencies in predicted eigenvalues for assemblies containing selected materials, including titanium, manganese, cadmium and tungsten are greatly reduced. Improvements are also confirmed for selected actinide reaction rates such as {sup 236}U, {sup 238,242}Pu and {sup 241,243}Am capture in fast systems. Other deficiencies, such as the overprediction of Pu solution system critical eigenvalues and a decreasing trend in calculated eigenvalue for {sup 233}U fueled systems as a function of Above-Thermal Fission Fraction remain. The comprehensive nature of this critical benchmark suite and the generally accurate calculated eigenvalues obtained with ENDF/B-VII.1 neutron cross sections support the conclusion that this is the most accurate general purpose ENDF/B cross section library yet released to the technical community.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

Detailed analysis of latencies in image-based dynamic MLC tracking

Purpose: Previous measurements of the accuracy of image-based real-time dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) tracking show that the major contributor to errors is latency, i.e., the delay between target motion and MLC response. Therefore the purpose of this work was to develop a method for detailed analysis of latency contributions during image-based DMLC tracking. Methods: A prototype DMLC tracking system integrated with a linear accelerator was used for tracking a phantom with an embedded fiducial marker during treatment delivery. The phantom performed a sinusoidal motion. Real-time target localization was based on x-ray images acquired either with a portal imager or a kV imager mounted orthogonal to the treatment beam. Each image was stored in a file on the imaging workstation. A marker segmentation program opened the image file, determined the marker position in the image, and transferred it to the DMLC tracking program. This program estimated the three-dimensional target position by a single-imager method and adjusted the MLC aperture to the target position. Imaging intervals {Delta}T{sub image} from 150 to 1000 ms were investigated for both kV and MV imaging. After the experiments, the recorded images were synchronized with MLC log files generated by the MLC controller and tracking log files generated by the tracking program. This synchronization allowed temporal analysis of the information flow for each individual image from acquisition to completed MLC adjustment. The synchronization also allowed investigation of the MLC adjustment dynamics on a considerably finer time scale than the 50 ms time resolution of the MLC log files. Results: For {Delta}T{sub image}=150 ms, the total time from image acquisition to completed MLC adjustment was 380{+-}9 ms for MV and 420{+-}12 ms for kV images. The main part of this time was from image acquisition to completed image file writing (272 ms for MV and 309 ms for kV). Image file opening (38 ms), marker segmentation (4 ms), MLC position calculation (16 ms), and MLC adjustment (52 ms) were considerably faster. For {Delta}T{sub image}=1000 ms, the total time from image acquisition to completed MLC adjustment increased to 1030{+-}62 ms (MV) and 1330{+-}52 ms (kV) mainly because of delayed image file writing. The MLC adjustment duration was constant 52 ms ({+-}3 ms) for MLC adjustments below 1.1 mm and increased linearly for larger MLC adjustments. Conclusions: A method for detailed time analysis of each individual real-time position signal for DMLC tracking has been developed and applied to image-based tracking. The method allows identification of the major contributors to latency and therefore a focus for reducing this latency. The method could be an important tool for the reconstruction of the delivered target dose during DMLC tracking as it provides synchronization between target motion and MLC motion.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

pnnl/Haskell-IDF-Executable

Executables for working with EnergyPlus Input Files (IDF) This project aims to provide a suite of executables for working with EnergyPlus Input Files (IDF). The project is developed using the Haskell programming language (c.f., https://www.haskell.org/). The current release (version 0.1.0.0) includes a utility that "pretty prints" the input file (i.e., that decodes and then, immediately, re-encodes and displays the input file, viz., that sanitizes the input) and a utility that converts the input file into a labeled graph in the DOT language (c.f., https://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html) for subsequent rendering using Graphviz Visualization Software (c.f., https://www.graphviz.org/). An example workflow is to pipe the input file into the pretty printer, to pipe the result into the labeled graph converter, and then to pipe the result into Graphviz, yielding an image file that depicts the hierarchical and referential relationships between EnergyPlus Data Dictionary (IDD) classes that are detected within the input file.

Borkum, Mark↗

Ocpp 2.0.1. Interim Kpi Calculator

The project is split into four pieces. The first is a raw OCPP log parser. The second is a file splitter. The third is a message parser. The final piece is the Interim KPI calculator. The OCPP log parser was created from two different formats of raw OCPP 2.0.1 data. Its intended purpose is to extract device IDs and OCPP event messages from nontabular text logs. The parser looks for specific substrings in the logs to identify which of the two "standards" it should select from. The KPI generator does not perform any of its calculations in parallel. Instead, we opt for a naive batching approach. The splitter takes the file generated from the parser and creates many smaller files for each of the device IDs in the dataset. This allows the pandas queries in the log formatter to be iterate over a significantly smaller slice of data, increasing performance significantly. The message parser step takes messages from each of the files (containing distinct device IDs) and breaks the message out into pieces. The final result is a file with different columns specifying different attributes of the JSON message. The file is an aggregation of all different devices. This is the most complex portion of the code. The KPI calculator takes the parsed messages, as a single file, and calculates the KPI from that data. An excel file is produced with four sheets. These contain the metrics for Session Success, Charge Start Success, Charge End Success, and Charge Start Time. It includes the metrics for the different equations in the Interim KPI Implementation Guide as well as a weighted sum of the different equations for each KPI (excluding Charge End Success and Charge Start Time).

Quinn, Casey↗

Data for "Genetics of flooding tolerance in an F2 Miscanthus sacchariflorus ssp. lutarioriparius × M. sinensis population"

This dataset contains all data and supplementary materials from "Genetics of flooding tolerance in an F2 Miscanthus sacchariflorus ssp. lutarioriparius × M. sinensis population". 1. The dataset S1 table contains the raw phenotypic data collected during the experiment. 2. The dataset S2 table contains the LSmean values for the 24 traits studied. 3. The dataset S3 table contains the TASSEL GBSv2 map, marker information, and genotype data used for mapping. 4. The dataset S4 table contains information on candidate genes found in each of the QTL intervals. 5. The dataset S5 table contains the GO annotations and KEGG enrichment analyses for those candidate genes. 6. The dataset S6 table contains information on the sequences used to classify AP2 ERF transcription factors. 7. The dataset S7 table contains information on AP2 ERF orthologs between Miscanthus and rice based on synteny. 8. Supplementary file 1 contains the ANOVA results using the raw phenotypic data collected from protocol "A". 9. Supplementary file 2 contains the ANOVA results using the raw phenotypic data collected from protocol "B". 10. Supplementary file 3 contains notes on the comparison of SNP calling methods. 11. Supplementary file 4 is a script for analyzing candidate genes found in QTL intervals.

Miscanthus, flood, partial submergence, complete s↗

Utah FORGE: Phase 3 Magnetotelluric (MT) Data

New high-quality tensor MT data at 122 sites, including the vertical magnetic field and utilizing ultra-remote referencing, have been acquired over the Utah FORGE project area. The results will be used to delineate the densities of faults and fractures in crystalline basement rocks, to define the heat sources, and to derive baseline 3D resistivity structure for later MT monitoring of temporal changes in resistivity structure following well stimulation in the EGS reservoir. There are three files here related to Utah FORGE magnetotelluric (MT) data acquisition and processing. The FORGE MT EDIs zip file contains the observed MT responses in industry-standard EDI format. For each site, there is an EDI response file that utilized a local independent reference for noise cancellation, and a file that utilized a distant reference cancelling noise associated with the DC transmission line of the Delta IPP passing down the west side of Milford Valley. These two site files could be merged as appropriate. The FORGE Model Cell Center file contains the model volume of the 3D Forge MT inversion for characterizing the resistivity structure in the project area. It was derived using finite element inversion methodology described in Wannamaker et al, in the attached FORGE Phase3 Geophysics paper, from the MT observation EDI files. It is ASCII format (.dat) and entries are defined at top of the file in a simple x-y-z-Rho listing in UTM coordinates. The element layers drape the topography so the Rho value layers are not purely horizontal slices. This greatly simplifies the listing.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

PoroTomo Natural Laboratory Horizontal and Vertical Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data

This dataset includes links to the PoroTomo DAS data in both SEG-Y and hdf5 (via h5py and HSDS with h5pyd) formats with tutorial notebooks for use. Data are hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS) Simple Storage Service (S3) through the Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI). Also included are links to the documentation for the dataset, Jupyter Notebook tutorials for working with the data as it is stored in AWS S3, and links to data viewers in OEDI for the horizontal (DASH) and vertical (DASV) DAS datasets. Horizontal DAS (DASH) data collection began 3/8/16, paused, and then started again on 3/11/2016 and ended 3/26/2016 using zigzag trenched fiber optic cabels. Vertical DAS (DASV) data collection began 3/17/2016 and ended 3/28/16 using a fiber optic cable through the first 363 m of a vertical well. These are raw data files from the DAS deployment at (DASH) and below (DASV) the surface during testing at the PoroTomo Natural Laboratory at Brady Hot Spring in Nevada. SEG-Y and hdf5 files are stored in 30 second files organized into directories by day. The hdf5 files available via HSDS are stored in daily files. Metadata includes information on the timing of recording gaps and a file count is included that lists the number of files from each day of recording. These data are available for download without login credentials through the free and publicly accessible Open Energy Data Initiative (OEDI) data viewer which allows users to browse and download individual or groups of files.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

DAISY Benchmark Performance Data

This repository contains the underlying data from benchmark experiments for Drifting Acoustic Instrumentation SYstems (DAISYs) in waves and currents described in "Performance of a Drifting Acoustic Instrumentation SYstem (DAISY) for Characterizing Radiated Noise from Marine Energy Converters" (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40722-024-00358-6). DAISYs consist of a surface expression connected to a hydrophone recording package by a tether. Both elements are instrumented to provide metadata (e.g., position, orientation, and depth). Information about how to build DAISYs is available at https://www.pmec.us/research-projects/daisy. The repository's primary content is three compressed archives (.zip format), each containing multiple MATLAB binary data files (.mat format). A table relating individual data files to figures in the paper, as well as the structure of each file, is included in the repository as a Word document (Data Description MHK-DR.docx). Most of the files contain time series information for a single DAISY deployment (file naming convention: [site]_DAISY_[Drift #].mat) consisting of processed hydrophone data and associated metadata. For a limited number of DAISY deployments, the hydrophone package was replaced with an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (file naming convention: [site]_DAISY_[Drift #]_ADV.mat). Data were collected over several years at three locations: (1) Sequim Bay at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Marine & Coastal Research Laboratory (MCRL) in Sequim, WA, the energetic tidal channel in Admiralty Inlet, WA (Admiralty Inlet), and the U.S. Navy's Wave Energy Test Site (WETS) in Kaneohe, HI. Brief descriptions of data files at each location follow. - MCRL - (1) Drift #4 and #16 contrast the performance of a DAISY and a reference hydrophone (icListen HF Reson), respectively, in the quiescent interior of Sequim Bay (September 2020). (2) Drift #152 and #153 are velocity measurements for a drifting acoustic Doppler velocimeter in in the tidally-energetic entrance channel inside a flow shield and exposed to the flow, respectively (January 2018). (3) Two non-standard files are also included: DAISY_data.mat corresponds to a subset of a DAISY drift over an Adaptable Monitoring Package (AMP) and AMP_data.mat corresponds to approximately co-temporal data for a stationary hydrophone on the AMP (February 2019). - Admiralty Inlet - (1) Drift #1-12 correspond to tests with flow shielded DAISYs, unshielded DAISYs, a reference hydrophone, and drifting acoustic Doppler velocimeter with 5, 10, and 15 m tether lengths between surface expression and hydrophone recording package (July 2022). (2) Drift #13-20 correspond to tests of flow shielded DAISYs with three different tether materials (rubber cord, nylon line, and faired nylon line) in lengths of 5, 10, and 15 m (July 2022). - WETS - (1) Drift #30-32 correspond to tests with a heave plate incorporated into the tether (standard configuration for wave sites), rubber cord only, and rubber cord, but with a flow shielded hydrophone (November 2022). (2) Drift #49-58 and Drift #65-68 correspond to measurements around mooring infrastructure at the 60 m berth where time-delay-of-arrival localization was demonstrated for different DAISY arrangements and hydrophone depths (November 2022).

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

Data from: "Colonisation of the alpine tundra by trees: alpine neighbours assist late-seral but not early-seral conifer seedlings"

This archive contains data used to support conclusions made in “Colonisation of the alpine tundra by trees: alpine neighbours assist late-seral but not early-seral conifer seedlings”, by Jabis et al., 2020. Data were collected in the alpine field location of the Alpine Treeline Warming Experiment (ATWE), on Niwot Ridge, in the Front Range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA.This package includes survivorship and physiology data for limber pine (Pinus flexilis), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), and Rocky Mountain snowlover (Chionophila jamesii). Site climate data such as soil moisture and temperature are also included. This data package contains ten comma-separated-values (.csv) files, and two rich-text-format (.rtf) files all compressed within one folder named “Neighbor_data_repository.zip”. Both file types can be opened by text-edit softwares such as TextEdit (Mac) and Notepad (Windows). The files are also compatible with analyses softwares such as R. .csv files can also be opened by Microsoft Excel. Two geospatial datasets are also included in this archive: one keyhole markup language (.kml) file with four points marking the corners of the study site, and a compressed file containing two ESRI shapefiles (.shp). The .kml files can be opened with Google Earth or Google Maps, and the shapefiles can be opened using any geographic information system applications, including the entire ArcGIS suite, and QGIS. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The elevation mountain treeline is expected to shift upward with climate warming, and seed germination and seedling survival are critical local controls on treeline expansion. Neighboring alpine plants, either through competition for resources or through altering the microclimate, can also affect seedling emergence and survival. We asked whether establishing tree seedlings and an alpine herb are similarly sensitive to alpine plant neighbours under ambient and altered climate. We imposed active heating, watering, and neighbor removal experiments for emerging conifer seedlings and an alpine herb.We compared target plant survival, photosynthetic efficiency, and water use efficiency under ambient and experimental conditions. Picea engelmannii seedlings showed lower survival compared with Pinus flexilis three weeks following neighbour removal, and after 1 year only survived in watered plots. Pinus seedlings responded to neighbour removal by lowering the quantum yield of photosynthesis (ϕPSII). Contrary to expectations from the stress gradient hypothesis, survival was reduced without neighbours near the low-elevation range limit of Chionophila jamesii.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Data from: “Enabling FAIR data in Earth and environmental science with community-centric (meta)data reporting formats”

This dataset contains supplementary information for a manuscript describing the ESS-DIVE (Environmental Systems Science Data Infrastructure for a Virtual Ecosystem) data repository's community data and metadata reporting formats. The purpose of creating the ESS-DIVE reporting formats was to provide guidelines for formatting some of the diverse data types that can be found in the ESS-DIVE repository. The 6 teams of community partners who developed the reporting formats included scientists and engineers from across the Department of Energy National Lab network. Additionally, during the development process, 247 individuals representing 128 institutions provided input on the formats. The primary files in this dataset are 10 data and metadata crosswalk for ESS-DIVE’s reporting formats (all files ending in _crosswalk.csv). The crosswalks compare elements used in each of the reporting formats to other related standards and data resources (e.g., repositories, datasets, data systems). This dataset also contains additional files recommended by ESS-DIVE’s file-level metadata reporting format. Each data file has an associated dictionary (files ending in _dd.csv) which provide a brief description of each standard or data resource consulted in the data reporting format development process. The flmd.csv file describes each file contained within the dataset.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Aerial Captured Data and Processed Models in Beaumont-Port Arthur Region in Feb and Oct, 2023

Our Co-design team is from the University of Texas, working on a Department of Energy-funded project focused on the Beaumont-Port Arthur area. As part of this project, we will be developing climate-resilient design solutions for areas of the region. More on www.caee.utexas.edu.We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro to capture aerial photos in Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX, in February 2023, including:I. Beaumont Soccer ClubII. Corps’ Port Arthur Resident OfficeIII. Halbouty Pump Station comprises its vicinityIV. Lamar University (Including Exxon Power Plants close to Lamar Univ.)V. MLK Boulevard for aerial images of the industry and the ship channelVI. Salt Water Barrier (include some aerial images about the Big Thicket)Aerial photos taken were through DroneDeploy autonomous flight, and models were processed through the DroneDeploy engine as well. All aerial photos are in .JPG format and contained in zipped files for each location.The processed data package including 3D models, geospatial data, mappings, point clouds, and the animation video of Halbouty Pump Station has various file types:- The Adobe Suite gives you great software to open .Tif files.- You can use LASUtility (Windows), ESRI ArcGIS Pro (Windows), or Blaze3D (Windows, Linux) to open a LAS file and view the data it contains.- Open an .OBJ file with a large number of free and commercial applications. Some examples include Microsoft 3D Builder, Apple Preview, Blender, and Autodesk.- You may use ArcGIS, Merkaartor, Blender (with the Google Earth Importer plug-in), Global Mapper, and Marble to open .KML files.- The .tfw world file is a text file used to georeference the GeoTIFF raster images, like the orthomosaic and the DSM. You need suitable software like ArcView to open a .TFW file.This dataset provides researchers with sufficient geometric data and the status quo of the land surface at the locations mentioned above. This dataset could streamline researchers' decision-making processes and enhance the design as well.In October 2023, we had our follow-up data collection, including:I. Beaumont Soccer ClubII. Shipping and Receiving Center at Lamar UniversityAfter the aerial collection, we obtained aerial photos of those two locations mentioned above, as well as processed data (such as point clouds and models).

2D mapping↗