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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 937 records · Page 52
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

A spectroscopic study of the extreme black widow PSR J1311–3430

We report on a series of spectroscopic observations of PSR J1311–3430, an extreme black-widow gamma-ray pulsar with a helium-star companion. In a previous study we estimated the neutron star mass as M{sub NS}=2.68±0.14 M{sub ⊙} (statistical error), based on limited spectroscopy and a basic (direct heating) light-curve model; however, much larger model-dependent systematics dominate the mass uncertainty. Our new spectroscopy reveals a range of complex source behavior. The variable He i companion wind emission lines can dominate broadband photometry, especially in red filters or near minimum brightness, and the wind flux should complete companion evaporation in a spin-down time. The heated companion face also undergoes dramatic flares, reaching ∼40,000 K over ∼20% of the star; this is likely powered by a magnetic field generated in the companion. The companion center-of-light radial velocity is now well measured with K{sub CoL}=615.4±5.1 km s{sup −1}. We detect non-sinusoidal velocity components due to the heated face flux distribution. Using our spectra to excise flares and wind lines, we generate substantially improved light curves for companion continuum fitting. We show that the inferred inclination and neutron star mass, however, remain sensitive to the poorly constrained heating pattern. The neutron star’s mass, M{sub NS}, is likely less than the direct heating value and could range as low as 1.8 M{sub ⊙} for extreme equatorial heating concentration. While we cannot yet pin down M{sub NS}, our data imply that an intrabinary shock reprocesses the pulsar emission and heats the companion. Improved spectra and, especially, models that include such shock heating are needed for precise parameter measurement.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Investigation of complete and incomplete fusion dynamics of {sup 20}Ne induced reactions at energies above the Coulomb barrier

Experiment has been performed to explore the complete and incomplete fusion dynamics in heavy ion collisions using stacked foil activation technique. The measurement of excitation functions of the evaporation residues produced in the {sup 20}Ne+{sup 165}Ho system at projectile energies ranges ≈ 4-8 MeV/nucleon have been done. Measured cumulative and direct cross-sections have been compared with the theoretical model code PACE-2, which takes into account only the complete fusion process. The analysis indicates the presence of contributions from incomplete fusion processes in some α-emission channels following the break-up of the projectile {sup 20}Ne in the nuclear field of the target nucleus {sup 165}Ho.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

Neutron production in the interaction of 2-GeV protons with nuclei

The double-differential cross sections for neutron production in the interactions of 2-GeV protons with Be, Al, Cu, Cd, and Pb nuclei were measured by the time-of-flight method in the region of angles larger than 30 Degree-Sign . The respective experimental data are analyzed within the phenomenological model of four moving sources, including those associated with neutron emission in primary nucleon-nucleon collisions, the decay of a hot source (fireball), the multifragmentation process, and the deexcitation of nuclear fragments via neutron evaporation. Temperature-parameter values are universal for all sources and are virtually independent of the target nucleus and of the projectile energy in the region above 0.5 GeV. It is found that, for all of the above reactions, the relative contribution to the mean neutron multiplicity from the decay of a hot source and multifragmentation is about 41%.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Secondary organic aerosol formation in biomass-burning plumes: theoretical analysis of lab studies and ambient plumes

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has been shown to form in biomass-burning emissions in laboratory and field studies. However, there is significant variability among studies in mass enhancement, which could be due to differences in fuels, fire conditions, dilution, and/or limitations of laboratory experiments and observations. This study focuses on understanding processes affecting biomass-burning SOA formation in laboratory smog-chamber experiments and in ambient plumes. Vapor wall losses have been demonstrated to be an important factor that can suppress SOA formation in laboratory studies of traditional SOA precursors; however, impacts of vapor wall losses on biomass-burning SOA have not yet been investigated. We use an aerosol-microphysical model that includes representations of volatility and oxidation chemistry to estimate the influence of vapor wall loss on SOA formation observed in the FLAME III smog-chamber studies. Our simulations with base-case assumptions for chemistry and wall loss predict a mean OA mass enhancement (the ratio of final to initial OA mass, corrected for particle-phase wall losses) of 1.8 across all experiments when vapor wall losses are modeled, roughly matching the mean observed enhancement during FLAME III. The mean OA enhancement increases to over 3 when vapor wall losses are turned off, implying that vapor wall losses reduce the apparent SOA formation. We find that this decrease in the apparent SOA formation due to vapor wall losses is robust across the ranges of uncertainties in the key model assumptions for wall-loss and mass-transfer coefficients and chemical mechanisms.We then apply similar assumptions regarding SOA formation chemistry and physics to smoke emitted into the atmosphere. In ambient plumes, the plume dilution rate impacts the organic partitioning between the gas and particle phases, which may impact the potential for SOA to form as well as the rate of SOA formation. We add Gaussian dispersion to our aerosol-microphysical model to estimate how SOA formation may vary under different ambient-plume conditions (e.g., fire size, emission mass flux, atmospheric stability). Smoke from small fires, such as typical prescribed burns, dilutes rapidly, which drives evaporation of organic vapor from the particle phase, leading to more effective SOA formation. Emissions from large fires, such as intense wildfires, dilute slowly, suppressing OA evaporation and subsequent SOA formation in the near field. We also demonstrate that different approaches to the calculation of OA enhancement in ambient plumes can lead to different conclusions regarding SOA formation. OA mass enhancement ratios of around 1 calculated using an inert tracer, such as black carbon or CO, have traditionally been interpreted as exhibiting little or no SOA formation; however, we show that SOA formation may have greatly contributed to the mass in these plumes.In comparison of laboratory and plume results, the possible inconsistency of OA enhancement between them could be in part attributed to the effect of chamber walls and plume dilution. Our results highlight that laboratory and field experiments that focus on the fuel and fire conditions also need to consider the effects of plume dilution or vapor losses to walls.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Spectral characteristics of nanoamorphous phosphors obtained by evaporation of Sr{sub 2}Gd{sub 8}(SiO{sub 4}){sub 6}O{sub 2}: Eu polycrystals

Amorphous nanophosphors have been obtained for the first time by pulsed electron beam evaporation of targets from bulk polycrystalline phosphors of the composition Sr{sub 2}Gd{sub 8}(SiO{sub 4}){sub 6}O{sub 2}: Eu with oxyapatite structure. The processes of crystallization of amorphous nanopowder were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and termogravimetry (40−1400 °C). It was found that the Raman spectra of the samples are modified when the particles decrease from bulk to nanodimensional state. The spectral and luminescent characteristics of the phosphors in polycrystalline and nanoamorphous states have been examined. It was established that Eu{sup 3+} forms two types of optical centers. Unlike bulk phosphors, in the nanophosphors no Eu{sup 2+} ions are formed. The ratio of red to orange luminescence intensity for nanophosphors was found to increase as compared with bulk phosphors. This effect is due to disordering of nanoparticles. A resonant transfer of excitation energy from Gd{sup 3+} to Eu{sup 3+} ions was found in bulk and nanophosphors. Upon transition from polycrystalline to nanoamorphous state and laser excitation of phosphors, the luminescence intensity of Eu{sup 3+} ions increases approximately 10 times. This effect is explained in the framework of the configuration coordinates model. - Graphical abstract: Schematic configurational-coordinate diagram for Eu{sup 3+} ion in polycrystalline Sr{sub 2}Gd{sub 6.4}Eu{sub 1.6}Si{sub 6}O{sub 26−δ} and nanoamorphous phosphor. - Highlights: • Nanoamorphous phosphor is obtained by electron-beam evaporation of bulk silicate. • In nanoamorphous samples Raman spectra are modified intensity. • Nanofosfor luminescence by 10 times more intensively, than bulk phosphorus. • There is a transfer of energy of excitation from Gd{sup 3+} to Eu{sup 3+} in bulk- and nanophosphor.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2013

A MODEL FOR THE CORRELATION OF HARD X-RAY INDEX WITH EDDINGTON RATIO IN BLACK HOLE X-RAY BINARIES

Observations show that there is a positive correlation between the Eddington ratio {lambda} and hard X-ray index {Gamma} for {lambda} {approx}> 0.01, and there is an anti-correlation between {lambda} and {Gamma} for {lambda} {approx}< 0.01 in black hole X-ray binaries (with {lambda} = L {sub bol}/L {sub Edd}). In this work, we theoretically investigate the correlation between {Gamma} and {lambda} within the framework of a disk-corona model. We improve the model by taking into account all cooling processes, including synchrotron and self-Compton radiations in the corona, Comptonization of the soft photons from the underlying accretion disk, and the bremsstrahlung radiations. Presuming that the coronal flow above the disk can reach up to the 0.1 Eddington rate at the outer region, we calculate the structure of the two-phase accretion flows and the emergent spectra for accretion rates from 0.003 to 0.1. We find that at accretion rates larger than bsim0.01 Eddington rate, a fraction of coronal gas condenses into the disk and an inner disk can be sustained by condensation. In this case, the X-ray emission is dominated by the scattering of the soft photon from the underlying disk in the corona. The emission from the inner disk and corona can produce the positive correlation between {lambda} and {Gamma}. While at accretion rates lower than bsim0.01 Eddington accretion rate, the inner disk vanishes completely by evaporation, and the accretion is dominated by advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs), in which the X-ray emission is produced by the Comptonization of the synchrotron and bremsstrahlung photons of ADAF itself. The emission from ADAFs can produce the anti-correlation between {lambda} and {Gamma}. We show that our model can roughly explain the observed evolution of {Gamma}{sub 3-25keV} with L {sub 0.5-25keV}/L {sub Edd} for the black hole X-ray transient H1743-322 in the decay of 2003 from the thermal-dominated state to low/hard state.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Time dependent Schrödinger equation for black hole evaporation: No information loss

In 1976 S. Hawking claimed that “Because part of the information about the state of the system is lost down the hole, the final situation is represented by a density matrix rather than a pure quantum state”. This was the starting point of the popular “black hole (BH) information paradox”. In a series of papers, together with collaborators, we naturally interpreted BH quasi-normal modes (QNMs) in terms of quantum levels discussing a model of excited BH somewhat similar to the historical semi-classical Bohr model of the structure of a hydrogen atom. Here we explicitly write down, for the same model, a time dependent Schrödinger equation for the system composed by Hawking radiation and BH QNMs. The physical state and the correspondent wave function are written in terms of a unitary evolution matrix instead of a density matrix. Thus, the final state results to be a pure quantum state instead of a mixed one. Hence, Hawking’s claim is falsified because BHs result to be well defined quantum mechanical systems, having ordered, discrete quantum spectra, which respect ’t Hooft’s assumption that Schrödinger equations can be used universally for all dynamics in the universe. As a consequence, information comes out in BH evaporation in terms of pure states in a unitary time dependent evolution. In Section 4 of this paper we show that the present approach permits also to solve the entanglement problem connected with the information paradox.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2010

Naphthacene Based Organic Thin Film Transistor With Rare Earth Oxide

Naphthacene based organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) have been fabricated using La{sub 2}O{sub 3}, as the gate insulator. All the OTFTs have been fabricated by the process of thermal evaporation in vacuum on perfectly cleaned glass substrates with aluminium as source-drain and gate electrodes. The naphthacene film morphology on the glass substrate has been studied by XRD and found to be polycrystalline in nature. The field effect mobility, output resistance, amplification factor, transconductance and gain bandwidth product of the OTFTs have been calculated by using theoretical TFT model. The highest value of field effect mobility is found to be 0.07x10{sup -3} cm{sup 2}V{sup -1}s{sup -1} for the devices annealed in vacuum at 90 deg. C for 5 hours.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2022

Characterizing Drought Behavior in the Colorado River Basin Using Unsupervised Machine Learning

Drought is a pressing issue for the Colorado River Basin (CRB) due to the social and economic value of water resources in the region and the significant uncertainty of future drought under climate change. Here, we use climate simulations from various Earth System Models (ESMs) to force the Variable Infiltration Capacity hydrologic model and project multiple drought indicators for the sub-watersheds within the CRB. We apply an unsupervised machine learning (ML) based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization using K-means clustering (NMFk) to synthesize the simulated historical, future, and change in drought indicators. The unsupervised ML approach can identify sub-watersheds where key changes to drought indicator behavior occur, including shifts in snowpack, snowmelt timing, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. While changes in future precipitation vary across ESMs, the results indicate that the Upper CRB will experience increasing evaporative demand and surface-water scarcity, with some locations experiencing a shift from a radiation-limited to a water-limited evaporation regime in the summer. Large shifts in peak runoff are observed in snowmelt-dominant sub-watersheds, with complete disappearance of the snowmelt signal for some sub-watersheds. The work demonstrates the utility of the NMFk algorithm to efficiently identify behavioral changes of drought indicators across space and time and to quickly analyze and interpret hydro climate model results.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2015

Non-monotonic effect of growth temperature on carrier collection in SnS solar cells

We quantify the effects of growth temperature on material and device properties of thermally evaporated SnS thin-films and test structures. Grain size, Hall mobility, and majority-carrier concentration monotonically increase with growth temperature. However, the charge collection as measured by the long-wavelength contribution to short-circuit current exhibits a non-monotonic behavior: the collection decreases with increased growth temperature from 150 °C to 240 °C and then recovers at 285 °C. Fits to the experimental internal quantum efficiency using an opto-electronic model indicate that the non-monotonic behavior of charge-carrier collection can be explained by a transition from drift- to diffusion-assisted components of carrier collection. The results show a promising increase in the extracted minority-carrier diffusion length at the highest growth temperature of 285 °C. These findings illustrate how coupled mechanisms can affect early stage device development, highlighting the critical role of direct materials property measurements and simulation.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

Role of break-up processes in the fusion of the {sup 12}C+ {sup 52}Cr system

We present the results and analysis of our investigation of the role of break-up processes on the fusion of a {sup 12}C{sup 6+} beam with a {sup 52}Cr target near, at, and above the Coulomb barrier. In this experiment the excitation functions of evaporation residues produced via ({sup 12}C, 2n), ({sup 12}C, pxn), ({sup 12}C, {alpha}xn), and ({sup 12}C, {alpha}pxn) channels in a {sup 12}C + {sup 52}Cr reaction were measured at several beam energies ranging from {approx_equal}51 to 87 MeV by employing the recoil catcher technique followed by off-line {gamma}-ray spectrometry. The measured excitation functions were compared with theoretical values obtained using the pace4 statistical model code. Further, for a ({sup 12}C, p2n) channel the measured excitation function was compared with the predictions of the alice-91 code, which was chosen as it takes into account pre-equilibrium emissions. For non-{alpha}-emitting channels, the experimentally measured excitation functions--after correcting them for possible contributions from higher charge isobaric precursor decays--were, in general, found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions. However, for {alpha}-emitting channels, the measured excitation functions had significantly more production cross sections than what pace4 predicted. This enhancement may be attributed to incomplete fusion processes. An attempt was made to estimate the incomplete fusion fraction in order to compare the relative importance of complete and incomplete fusion processes. The incomplete fusion fraction was found to be sensitive to the projectile energy and mass asymmetry of the entrance channel. We also discuss the results in terms of the impact of the frozen {alpha}-cluster structure of the {sup 12}C isotope on various fusion reactions.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Virtual refrigerant charge sensing algorithm for residential CO₂ heat pumps

Natural refrigerants are increasingly adopted in next-generation heat pump systems, among which CO₂ heat pumps have attracted significant attention. However, due to their high operating pressures, the leakage risk is higher, resulting in undercharge conditions and degraded heat pump performance. Thus, developing an accurate refrigerant charge level detection technique is necessary to guarantee safe and efficient operation. Although virtual refrigerant charge (VRC) level calculation algorithms for CO₂ heat pumps exist, they typically rely on empirically selected features without a systematic selection framework, leading to multicollinearity and potential overfitting, which limit their prediction accuracy and generalizability. To address these issues, this study proposes a VRC algorithm framework with a systematic feature selection method that identifies physically meaningful and statistically significant features, and is applied using a residential CO₂ heat pump as a case study. The method is extended from previous work on conventional refrigerants to account for charge behavior in CO₂ gas coolers. The selected features include gas cooler outlet density, evaporator pressure, and superheat temperature. The results demonstrate that the proposed feature selection method significantly improves prediction accuracy compared to existing VRC approaches. A relatively small training dataset (∼30 samples) is sufficient for feature identification and model development. The developed algorithm achieves less than 3% prediction error under both undercharge and overcharge conditions, representing reductions of 46.7% and 35.3% compared to two recent reference VRC algorithms for transcritical CO₂ heat pumps reported in the literature. The proposed algorithm and feature selection method enhance leakage detection capability, facilitate the deployment of CO₂ heat pump systems, and contribute to reduced energy waste and maintenance costs.

Guo, Fangzhou [Lawrence Berkeley National Laborato↗
DOE OSTI2015

Preparation and characterization of the rod-shaped stibnite

Highlights: • A facile route to synthesize large-scale rod-like Sb{sub 2}S{sub 3} micro-wires was presented. • A deep analysis conjoint between band tails, band gap alteration and electrical model. • The band gap is 1.75 eV which may hold for solar energy conversion. - Abstract: Stibnite (Sb{sub 2}S{sub 3}) micro-wires have been grown on glass substrates by sulfuration of Sb thermal evaporated film in a vacuum sealed tube in presence of sulfur powder at 300 °C for 6 h. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques indicate that the synthesized micro-wires have an orthorhombic structure. SEM micrographs show rod-shaped micro-wires with a typical length of several tens of micrometers and a diameter of the order of 0.5 μm. The absorption coefficient dependence on the photon energy in the UV–visible range revealed the existence of a direct transition with an energy band gap of about 1.7 eV. Moreover, the band tails and localized states which are related to the level of defects in the material will be presented. These parameters were determined from the exponential absorption profile. All these results have been evaluated and discussed in terms of alteration of band gap edge and electrical measurements.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Simulating Droplet-Resolved Haze and Cloud Chemistry Forming Secondary Organic Aerosols in Turbulent Conditions within Laboratory and Cloud Parcels

Most of our existing knowledge of cloud chemistry in regards to forming secondary organic aerosols (SOA) is based on measurements in bulk aqueous solutions. However, SOA reaction kinetics derived from bulk solution measurements might differ from the kinetics in actual cloud droplets, since turbulent mixing and ionic strengths, and ratio of surface area to volume in individual cloud droplets might vary substantially from bulk solutions in the real atmosphere. Three-dimensional models at various scales have been used to simulate aqueous chemistry. However, most of these models do not resolve turbulence down to the smallest length scales of 1 mm and do not simulate cloud chemistry in individual cloud droplets due to large computational costs. Here we incorporate the formation of isoprene epoxydiol SOA (IEPOX-SOA) in individual droplets within a one-dimensional explicit mixing parcel model (EMPM-Chem). We apply EMPM-Chem to simulate turbulence and droplet-resolved IEPOX-SOA formation using a configuration based on the Michigan Tech Pi chamber. We find that the dissolution of IEPOX gases is weighted more towards larger cloud droplets due to their large liquid water content (compared to smaller droplets), while the conversion of dissolved IEPOX to IEPOX-SOA is much greater within smaller deliquesced haze particles due to their higher acidity and ionic strengths compared to cloud droplets. We also find that as droplet residence times increase in the chamber, e.g., due to increasing ammonium bisulfate seed aerosol injection rates and/or increasing heights of the chamber, formation of IEPOX-SOA increases substantially. Thus, our EMPM-Chem model could be used to design future cloud chambers to maximize SOA production from cloud chemistry. We also apply the EMPM-Chem model to simulate how IEPOX-SOA formation evolves in individual cloud droplets within rising cloudy parcels in the atmosphere. We find that as subsaturated air is entrained into and turbulently mixed with the cloud parcel, evaporation causes a reduction in droplet sizes, which leads to corresponding increases in per droplet ionic strength and acidity. Increased droplet acidity in turn greatly accelerates the kinetics of IEPOX-SOA formation. In conclusion, our results provide key insights into single-cloud-droplet chemistry, suggesting that entrainment mixing may be an important process that increases SOA formation in the real atmosphere.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Generalized Brunauer–Emmett–Teller Isotherm for Mixed-Gas Multilayer Adsorption Equilibria

Here, this work presents a rigorous thermodynamic framework to calculate mixed-gas multilayer adsorption equilibria from single-component isotherms and vapor–liquid equilibria. Named the generalized Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (gBET) isotherm, the newly formulated isotherm considers adsorbent surface heterogeneity, competitive adsorption on the monolayer, condensation–evaporation on the subsequent layers, and adsorbed phase nonideality for the monolayer and the subsequent layers. The monolayer adsorbed phase nonideality is tracked by using an area-based adsorption nonrandom two-liquid activity coefficient model. The adsorbed phase composition and corresponding nonideality in the subsequent layers are calculated at the dew point condition of the mixed gas with either an equation of state or an activity coefficient model for the vapor–liquid equilibria. The proposed model is validated with six single and three binary multilayer adsorption equilibrium systems, and the model results are compared against those from the classical BET isotherm for single-component adsorption and ideal adsorbed solution theory for mixed-gas adsorption equilibria.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Cross‐Equatorial Surges Boost MJO's Southward Detour Over the Maritime Continent

Abstract The influence of the cross‐equatorial northerly surge (CES) on the eastward propagation of Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) during boreal winter is evaluated through the analysis of the column integrated moisture budget. Results show that the CES reinforces MJO's southward detour by increasing horizontal moisture convergence over the southern Maritime Continent (MC) region. Further analysis reveals that the zonal convergence by intraseasonal zonal wind anomalies acting upon background moisture is intensified in the presence of CES events, causing a stronger convective activity in the southern MC (SMC). The stronger moisture convergence in the SMC is associated with the CES‐induced intensification of low‐level northwesterly and westerly winds, which, in turn, strengthen zonal wind convergences and positive wind‐evaporation feedbacks onto the MJO convection. An improved process understanding of the link between the CES and MJO detours can help engender improvements in extreme weather forecasts and aid investigation biases in simulating MJO in climate models.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2010

Modeling CO{sub 2} Laser Ablative Impulse with Polymers

Laser ablation vaporization models have usually ignored the spatial dependence of the laser beam. Here, we consider effects from modeling using a Gaussian beam for both photochemical and photothermal conditions. The modeling results are compared to experimental and literature data for CO{sub 2} laser ablation of the polymer polyoxymethylene under vacuum, and discussed in terms of the ablated mass areal density and momentum coupling coefficient. Extending the scope of discussion, laser ablative impulse generation research has lacked a cohesive strategy for linking the vaporization and plasma regimes. Existing models, mostly formulated for ultraviolet laser systems or metal targets, appear to be inappropriate or impractical for applications requiring CO{sub 2} laser ablation of polymers. A recently proposed method for linking the vaporization and plasma regimes for analytical modeling is addressed here along with the implications of its use. Key control parameters are considered, along with the major propulsion parameters needed for laser ablation propulsion modeling.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2011

CASL L2 milestone report : VUQ.Y1.03, %22Enable statistical sensitivity and UQ demonstrations for VERA.%22

The CASL Level 2 Milestone VUQ.Y1.03, 'Enable statistical sensitivity and UQ demonstrations for VERA,' was successfully completed in March 2011. The VUQ focus area led this effort, in close partnership with AMA, and with support from VRI. DAKOTA was coupled to VIPRE-W thermal-hydraulics simulations representing reactors of interest to address crud-related challenge problems in order to understand the sensitivity and uncertainty in simulation outputs with respect to uncertain operating and model form parameters. This report summarizes work coupling the software tools, characterizing uncertainties, selecting sensitivity and uncertainty quantification algorithms, and analyzing the results of iterative studies. These demonstration studies focused on sensitivity and uncertainty of mass evaporation rate calculated by VIPRE-W, a key predictor for crud-induced power shift (CIPS).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗