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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 919 records · Page 51
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Combined Techno-Economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of an Integrated Direct Air Capture System with Advanced Algal Biofuel Production

The continuous increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere since the First Industrial Revolution correlates convincingly with the ongoing rise of the Earth's global average temperature contributing to climate change. As a response, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies are being implemented to mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions by capturing CO2 from high emitting point sources, such as power plants, refineries, and cement factories, and subsequently buried in geological formations underground for long term storage. Recently direct air capture (DAC) has emerged as a promising alternative technology that captures CO2 directly from the atmosphere for use or sequestration. This study investigates the potential synergistic benefits of integrating a solid amine-based DAC system with advanced algal biofuel production in photobioreactors (PBRs). DAC utilization allows the removal of atmospheric CO2 while also decoupling algae production facilities from anthropogenic point CO2 sources and avoiding the cost and logistics challenges of transporting CO2 long distances to remote facilities. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment are performed to assess the economic and environmental benefits of heat and mass integration between the DAC and the PBR for biofuel production. The DAC-PBR system integration also considers on-site flue gas handling options, DAC capital utilization, the tradeoff between centralization or decentralization of key unit operations, and the PBR array. This presentation will discuss how optimizing DAC-PBR process integration can enhance the algal biofuel's economic and environmental sustainability and the prospect of DAC enabling the circular carbon economy.

algal biofuel production↗
DOE OSTI2021

Mixed metal sorbents for CO 2 /H 2O displacement desorption

The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO 2 /H 2O displacement desorption process. The sorbents include an aluminum oxide support that includes two alkali metal salts impregnated on the support. The two alkali metals include a potassium metal salts and a second alkali metal salt which is not potassium. The second metal salt disrupts poisoning effects that degrade sorbent lifetime. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO 2 loadings and better H 2O /CO 2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Bai, Chuansheng↗
DOE OSTI2022

Spatial Transferability of Machine Learning Based Volume Estimation Models

High-quality traffic volume data is essential for efficient transportation planning and operations. However, such high-quality data is expensive to collect, owing primarily to the high capital cost of installing and maintaining continuous counting stations (CCSs). Recent availability of probe-based vehicle data offers a cost-effective solution for increasing the observability of traffic volumes. However, having ample ground truth traffic data is a prerequisite for developing robust volume estimation models. Though this might not be a big issue in many states, states with scarce CCS data might be able to benefit from robust volume estimation models developed in (adjacent) data-rich states. While there is a reasonable amount of spatial transferability research in the transportation domain, there is a dearth of knowledge on the spatial transferability of probe-based volume estimation models. To address this gap, this paper explores spatial transferability of volume estimation models developed from data in three states (Colorado, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania). Results indicate that it is extremely important to maintain temporal consistency when attempting spatial transferability of volume estimation models. It was also found that models trained on regions with lower peak traffic volumes will limit the performance of models transferred to states with higher peak hourly traffic volumes. Corroborating findings from existing spatial transferability research on other topics, it was found that a meta-model (developed using data from multiple states) performs better than volume estimation models developed within any one of the states.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2022

TEA and LCA Assessments of H2 Production from Coal, Coal/Biomass, and Biomass

This presentation was made at the "Gasification Technology Status and Pathways for Net-Zero Carbon Economy Workshop" held on November 30, 2022. The presentation primarily focuses on TEA/LCA results that NETL has developed for coal gasification w/ & w/o CCS as well as net-zero greenhouse gas coal/biomass gasification. Full reporting of these cases is publicly available in the NETL report titled "Comparison of Commercial, State-of-the-Art, Fossil-Based Hydrogen Production Technologies," April 2022. Additionally, the presentation describes current NETL work in support of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) Gasification Program in the areas of TEA/LCA/Markets analysis of biomass/MSW/waste plastics gasification to achieve cost reductions for net-zero H2 production.

Lewis, Eric↗
DOE OSTI2022

Hydrophobic sorbents for CO 2 /H 2 O displacement desorption applications

The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO 2 /H 2 O displacement desorption process. The sorbent includes an aluminum oxide support and an alkali metal salt impregnated on the support, and a silicon modification of the sorbent to reduce water uptake by the sorbent and make it more hydrophobic. The silicon modification can be an organosilyl moiety added after the initial sorbent is complete, or a silica source added to the aluminum oxide structure, typically via impregnation. The sorbents demonstrate better H 2 O/CO 2 ratios. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

Bai, Chuansheng↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Power of Being Negative: Producing H2 and Sequestered Carbon from Biomass and Waste Resources

Hydrogen can serve as an enabler for decarbonizing our economy, especially for the transportation, manufacturing, and chemicals sectors. Low-carbon H2 can be generated through a number of pathways, including (1) steam methane reforming coupled with carbon capture and sequestration, (2) water electrolysis utilizing renewable electricity, (3) methane pyrolysis, and (4) biomass and waste conversion. However, only the biomass and waste conversion pathway offers a route to carbon-negative H2 when coupled with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), thus providing both a service to our environment through carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and a valuable downstream product in H2.

biomass↗
DOE OSTI2023

Comparative Economic Analysis of Capture, Transport, and Storage from a CO2 Source Perspective

This presentation provides an overview of a study that evaluated multiple carbon capture and storage (CCS) networks within the Central United States using NETL-developed resources and models to assess management options different CO2 source types face from both economic and regional geologic perspectives when capturing, transporting and storing their CO2. It was presented at the Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) 2023 conference, organized and presented by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), and Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and held in Houston, Texas, April 25-27, 2023.

Guinan, Allison↗
DOE OSTI2023

Techno-Economic Models are Instrumental in Analyzing Decarbonization Strategies

This presentations provides a high-level overview of the NETL-developed techno-economic models associated with the CO2 transport and CO2 storage components of the carbon capture and storage (CCS)/carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) value chain. It also discusses the models’ capabilities through the discussion of select modeling applications (both internal and external) and highlights current model modifications and future work. It was presented at the CCUS 2023 conference, organized and presented by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), and Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and held in Houston, Texas, April 25-27, 2023.

Guinan, Allison↗
DOE OSTI2023

Method for simultaneous characterization and expansion of reference libraries for small molecule identification

A variational autoencoder (VAE) has been developed to learn a continuous numerical, or latent, representation of molecular structure to expand reference libraries for small molecule identification. The VAE has been extended to include a chemical property decoder, trained as a multitask network, to shape the latent representation such that it assembles according to desired chemical properties. The approach is unique in its application to metabolomics and small molecule identification, focused on properties that are obtained from experimental measurements (m/z, CCS) paired with its training paradigm, which involves a cascade of transfer learning iterations. First, molecular representation is learned from a large dataset of structures with m/z labels. Next, in silico property values are used to continue training. Finally, the network is further refined by being trained with the experimental data. The trained network is used to predict chemical properties directly from structure and generate candidate structures with desired chemical properties. The network is extensible to other training data and molecular representations, and for use with other analytical platforms, for both chemical property and feature prediction as well as molecular structure generation.

Colby, Sean M.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Comparative Economic Analysis of Capture, Transport, and Storage from a CO2 Source Perspective in the Central U.S.

This poster, presented at the 2023 FECM/NETL Carbon Management Research Project Review Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, provides an overview of NETL’s Strategic Systems Analysis & Engineering (SSAE) study that evaluated multiple carbon capture and storage (CCS) networks within the Central United States using NETL/SSAE-developed models and resources to better understand the benefits and challenges different CO2 source types face when capturing, transporting, and storing their CO2.

Sheriff, Alana↗
DOE OSTI2022

Techno-Economic Analysis and Optimization of Integrated NGCC-MEA System at High CO2 Capture Levels

This poster contains preliminary results for an ongoing analysis of modeling and optimization of an NGCC plant with a solvent-based CO2 capture system with high levels of CO2 capture – up to and beyond net-zero emissions. The work was performed to understand the incremental cost of high capture in order to compare with direct-air capture and other net-negative technologies, as well as to understand optimal operation and design of the CCS unit to achieve high capture with minimal increase in cost.

Deshpande, Anuja↗