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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 901 records · Page 50
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Meeting the Challenges of Modern Transit through the Integration of Traditional Transit, On-Demand Micro-Transit Services and Vehicle Automation - A Case Study in Chandler, Arizona

Current technology trends of vehicle automation, electrification and on-demand transit are providing new tools to develop effective public mobility services, yet need to be balanced with traditional modes to serve the spectrum of demand effectively and efficiently. Automated vehicle transportation network company (TNC) services, better known as 'Robotaxis' are beginning to proliferate and scale across the US, with Waymo as the lead commercial entity. Chandler, AZ was the first fully automated deployment of Waymo technology. Chandler was also one of the first municipalities in Arizona to roll out micro-transit service to its citizens in 2022. At present the Chandler Flex micro-transit program is beginning to partner with Waymo to augment micro-transit services during peak demands, another first in the nation. However, the mix of services in Chandler relies not only on new technology, but also on traditional modes including fixed route transit and para-transit services. These are blended and balanced such that both old and new modes are applied within the context in which each excel. This presentation will provide background on the Chandler, AZ public mobility services, and the performance metrics that govern their use and selection within the spectrum of development and population density as well as socio-demographics within Chandler. Additionally, the behavioral response of the use of unmanned, automated vehicles employed to augment micro-transit is novel, the first in the nation - and initial feedback from public transit constituents in Chandler will be shared.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2020

Drosophila TRIM32 cooperates with glycolytic enzymes to promote cell growth

Cell growth and/or proliferation may require the reprogramming of metabolic pathways, whereby a switch from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism diverts glycolytic intermediates towards anabolic pathways. Herein, we identify a novel role for TRIM32 in the maintenance of glycolytic flux mediated by biochemical interactions with the glycolytic enzymes Aldolase and Phosphoglycerate mutase. Loss of Drosophila TRIM32, encoded by thin (tn), shows reduced levels of glycolytic intermediates and amino acids. This altered metabolic profile correlates with a reduction in the size of glycolytic larval muscle and brain tissue. Consistent with a role for metabolic intermediates in glycolysis-driven biomass production, dietary amino acid supplementation in tn mutants improves muscle mass. Remarkably, TRIM32 is also required for ectopic growth - loss of TRIM32 in a wing disc-associated tumor model reduces glycolytic metabolism and restricts growth. Overall, our results reveal a novel role for TRIM32 for controlling glycolysis in the context of both normal development and tumor growth.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Targeted protein degradation systems to enhance Wnt signaling

Molecules that facilitate targeted protein degradation (TPD) offer great promise as novel therapeutics. The human hepatic lectin asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) is selectively expressed on hepatocytes. We have previously engineered an anti-ASGR1 antibody-mutant RSPO2 (RSPO2RA) fusion protein (called SWEETS) to drive tissue-specific degradation of ZNRF3/RNF43 E3 ubiquitin ligases, which achieved hepatocyte-specific enhanced Wnt signaling, proliferation, and restored liver function in mouse models, and an antibody–RSPO2RA fusion molecule is currently in human clinical trials. In the current study, we identified two new ASGR1- and ASGR1/2-specific antibodies, 8M24 and 8G8. High-resolution crystal structures of ASGR1:8M24 and ASGR2:8G8 complexes revealed that these antibodies bind to distinct epitopes on opposing sides of ASGR, away from the substrate-binding site. Both antibodies enhanced Wnt activity when assembled as SWEETS molecules with RSPO2RA through specific effects sequestering E3 ligases. In addition, 8M24-RSPO2RA and 8G8-RSPO2RA efficiently downregulate ASGR1 through TPD mechanisms. These results demonstrate the possibility of combining different therapeutic effects and degradation mechanisms in a single molecule.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1972

Analysis of fungal type isolates taken from a 90-day manned test of an advanced regenerative life support system

Fungal-like cultures isolated before, during, and after the 90-day test from samples of space station simulator (SSS) atmosphere, surfaces, subsystem componets, and crew dermal sites were identified to genus. Out of the original 525 isolates, approximately 80% were classified as bacteria. Laboratory methods (culture media, moisturization, and incubation temperatures) favored the recovery of medically significant bacteria rather than fungi. Therefore, fungal isolates were mostly, nonfastidious types which are ubiquitous in soil and air and commonly contaminate laboratory cultures of pathogens. Predominant isolates were species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Pullularia, Rhodotorula, and various yeasts. No instances of fungal proliferation were observed; test data reflect the survival of environmental types indigenous to the SSS pretests.

Sofios, M.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A universal functional object

A scheme is presented for realizing any function, combinational or sequential, in a single universal function scheme, termed the universal function object UF. This scheme is addressed to the problem of the proliferation of the number of parts (cards, chips) necessary for conventional implementation in an LSI technology of a computer system. The UF implementation will use about ten times more circuits than a conventional implementation regardless of the size of the design. The UF approach also includes general-purpose spares for failing circuits. The procedure could be used both at manufacture to increase yields, as well as to achieve automatic repair.

Roth, J. P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The biological effect of prolonged radiation and ways of selecting new anti-radiation drugs effective in this kind of radiation injury

The basic characteristics of prolonged radiation - increased tolerance of radiation injury - are attributed to cellular kinetics; as dose rate is reduced, the population rate is not disturbed, particularly that of stem cells which makes it possible for the organism to tolerate higher radiation loads. It is concluded that this effect makes approved radio protectors, whose effect contains an established cytostatic component, unsuitable for prolonged radiation. It is better to correct the stem pool formation process by either accelerating the proliferation of cells or limiting the effect of stimuli causing cells to lose colony forming properties.

Rogozkin, V. D.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Lymphoid cell kinetics under continuous low dose-rate gamma irradiation: A comparison study

A comparison study was conducted of the effects of continuous low dose-rate gamma irradiation on cell population kinetics of lymphoid tissue (white pulp) of the mouse spleen with findings as they relate to the mouse thymus. Experimental techniques employed included autoradiography and specific labeling with tritiated thymidine (TdR-(h-3)). The problem studied involved the mechanism of cell proliferation of lymphoid tissue of the mouse spleen and thymus under the stress of continuous irradiation at a dose rate of 10 roentgens (R) per day for 105 days (15 weeks). The aim was to determine whether or not a steady state or near-steady state of cell population could be established for this period of time, and what compensatory mechanisms of cell population were involved.

Foster, B. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The Acute Inhalation Toxicity in Rats from the Pyrolysis Products of Four Fluoropolymers

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (225?250 g) were exposed to the thermal degradation products from four fluoropolymers. The three polymers containing vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene (VF2/HFP) were pyrolyzed at 550? and 800?C, whereas polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was pyrolyzed at 625 and 800?C. At the lower temperatures, the pyrolysate from the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene (VF2/HFP) was less toxic than the pyrolysates from either the terpolymer of vinyidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene, and tetrafluoroethylene (VF2/HFP/TFE) or the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene with ?additives? (VF2/HFP-A). However, the pyrolysates from the VF2/HFP-containing materials produced less toxic products than the pyrolysate from PTFE at 625?C. When the pyrolysis temperature was increased to 800?C, very little difference was noted between the pyrolysis toxicity for any of the VF2/HFP-containing polymers with the most toxic pyrolysate again produced by PTFE. Carbon monoxide levels were all sublethal. No correlation could be established between hydrolyzable fluoride levels and the lethality of the pyrolysates. Death following exposure occurred within 48 hr due to acute pulmonary edema and hemorrhage. Survival of this acute phase was followed by alveolar lymphocytic infiltration and peribronchial tissue proliferation.

Carter, V. L., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Mechanisms of radio-protection by catecholamines in the hamster /Mesocricetus auratus/

Experiments were conducted on normal and splenectomized male and female hamsters between 2 and 3 months old subjected to a whole-body exposure of 1000 or 2000 rads in a Co-60 source with a view toward evaluating their radio-protection by norepinephrine, isoproterenol, and phenylephrine. Vasoconstriction hypoxia mechanism of radio-protection is examined along with the hypothesis that isoproterenol protects by hypercalcemia-induced cell proliferation. Radiation experiment results are found to be consistent with the hypothesis that stimulation of alpha receptors results in radio-protection through a tissue hypoxia mechanism. Beta agonists seem to protect by a hypotensive-hypoxia mechanism. The catecholamines protect against the hematopoietic syndrome, but show no evidence of protection against the gastrointestinal syndrome.

Prewitt, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Computer systems: What the future holds

Developement of computer architecture is discussed in terms of the proliferation of the microprocessor, the utility of the medium-scale computer, and the sheer computational power of the large-scale machine. Changes in new applications brought about because of ever lowering costs, smaller sizes, and faster switching times are included.

Stone, H. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Implementation and testing of a Neighborhood Office Center (NOC) and integration of the NOC with an administrative correspondence management information system

The application of telecommunications and telecomputing was investigated as a means of reducing NASA's consumption of natural resources and the proliferation of paper copies of correspondence. The feasibility, operational advantages, and limitations of decentralized (remote) neighborhood offices (NOC) linked through an electronic network are demonstrated. These offices are joined to a management information system for correspondence tracking, and to an administrative office center service based on the use of magnetic medium word processing typewriters which handle the daily typing load. In connection with an augmented teleconference network, a uniform means is provided for creating, storing, and retrieving administrative documents, records, and data, while simultaneously permitting users of the system to track their status. Information will be transferred without using paper - merely through digital electronic communication and display, as a step toward the establishment of an agency-wide electronic mail system.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1977

A method for reducing software life cycle costs

The advent of new hardware and software tools permits a new approach to preparing, presenting, and maintaining software specifications and corresponding source programs. Any real reduction in software life cycle costs must make highly skilled human effort more efficient especially on large, complex, and long-lasting software projects. When these skilled human functions are examined closely, it is seen that critical factors include the way one communicates with oneself and then with others and finally with computers. Thus, there has been a long and active proliferation of programming languages and, more recently, a number of programming design languages to supplement older methods, such as flowcharting. One way to achieve cost reduction is to provide documentation tools whose use increases the effectiveness of skilled humans.

Paine, W. O.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Carbon fiber study

A coordinated Federal Government action plan for dealing with the potential problems arising from the increasing use of graphite fiber reinforced composite materials in both military and civilian applications is presented. The required dissemination of declassified information and an outline of government actions to minimize the social and economic consequences of proliferated composite materials applications were included.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1979

Space Construction System Analysis. Special Emphasis Studies

Generic concepts were analyzed to determine: (1) the maximum size of a deployable solar array which might be packaged into a single orbit payload bay; (2) the optimal overall shape of a large erectable structure for large satellite projects; (3) the optimization of electronic communication with emphasis on the number of antennas and their diameters; and (4) the number of beams, traffic growth, and projections and frequencies were found feasible to package a deployable solar array which could generate over 250 kilowatts of electrical power. Also, it was found that the linear-shaped erectable structure is better for ease of construction and installation of systems, and compares favorably on several other counts. The study of electronic communication technology indicated that proliferation of individual satellites will crowd the spectrum by the early 1990's, so that there will be a strong tendency toward a small number of communications platforms over the continental U.S.A. with many antennas and multiple spot beams.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1979

Platforms in space: Evolutionary trends

The problem of physical crowding and the proliferation of separate communication links and ground support systems for multiple free-flying satellites can be overcome by using space platforms and multiplexing the data streams. Pertinent features of the space shuttle orbiter payloads, the solar power satellite, and geostationary and geosynchronous platforms are discussed. Typical payload requirements data which are needed to allow meaningful study of payloads as candidates for platform implementation are cited and factors affecting the compatibility/grouping of payloads are outlined.

Butler, J. M., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1979

A regional technology transfer program

The proliferation of online searching capabilities among its industrial clients, changes in marketing staff and direction, use of Dun and Bradstreet marketing service files, growth of the Annual Service Package program, and services delivered to clients at the NASA funded North Carolina Science and Technology Research Center are described. The library search service was reactivated and enlarged, and a survey was conducted on the NC/STRC Technical Bulletin's effectiveness. Several quotations from clients assess the overall value of the Center's services.

Source record↗