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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2024

Real Time-Optimal Power Flow-Based Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS)

This project aims to promote lab-proven clean energy technology to commercially scalable versions of the technology, integrate the technology with broader systems, provide extended performance data, and validate the manufacturability and reliability of the technology. The lab-proven technology, RT-OPF DERMS, was developed and validated through previous U.S. Department of Energy-funded efforts, including Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy funding under the Network Optimized Distributed Energy Systems program and Holy-Cross Energy High Impact Project. In the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy Network Optimized Distributed Energy Systems project, the RT-OPF DERMS was developed and implemented in multiple hardware platforms, demonstrating its performance and capabilities in the lab and field environments. The technology was also evaluated and matured via a participation in the U.S. Department of Energy I-Corps program, whose goal is to pair teams of researchers with industry mentors for an intensive 2-month training in which the researchers define technology value propositions, conduct customer discovery interviews, and develop viable market pathways for their technologies. These activities indicate the high technology maturity and Technology Readiness Level of the RT-OPF DERMS.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

NASA NTRS1975

Engine/airframe compatibility studies for supersonic cruise aircraft

Technology assessment studies were conducted to provide an updated technology base from which an advanced supersonic cruise aircraft can be produced with a high probability of success. An assessment of the gains available through the application of advanced technologies in aerodynamics, propulsion, acoustics, structures, materials, and active controls is developed. The potential market and range requirements as well as economic factors including payload, speed, airline operating costs, and airline profitability are analyzed. The conceptual design of the baseline aircraft to be used in assessing the technology requirements is described.

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NASA NTRS1975

Energy and Nutrient Intake Monitoring

A passive system to determine the in-flight intake of nutrients is developed. Nonabsorbed markers placed in all foods in proportion to the nutrients selected for study are analyzed by neutron activation analysis. Fecal analysis for each market indicates how much of the nutrients were eaten and apparent digestibility. Results of feasibility tests in rats, mice, and monkeys indicate the diurnal variation of several markers, the transit time for markers in the alimentary tract, the recovery of several markers, and satisfactory use of selected markers to provide indirect measurement of apparent digestibility. Recommendations are provided for human feasibility studies.

Luckey, T. D.↗

NASA NTRS2010

Lightweight Material Patches Allow for Quick Repairs

Cornerstone Research Group Inc., of Dayton, Ohio, has been the recipient of 16 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contracts with NASA with a variety of different focuses, including projects like creating inflatable structures for radio frequency antennas and, most recently, healable polymer matrix composites for future space vehicles. One of its earlier SBIR contracts, with Kennedy Space Center, led to the development of a new type of structural patch for a variety of consumer uses: Rubbn Repair, for automotive uses; and Rec Repair for the outdoors and adventure market. Both are flexible, heat-activated structural patches.

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DOE OSTI2023

Nuclear-Driven Chemical Conversion Pathways

The purpose of this work is to explore the possibilities of using coal as a carbon resource by converting it to fuels and chemicals with heat from a nuclear power plant. While many previous studies have focused on coal gasification, this process requires combusting a portion of the coal and producing heat. By employing pyrolysis over gasification, the energy content in the coal can be preserved. Pyrolysis of coal also results in a large portion of solid char, which can be converted to activated carbon and sold to various markets. This model uses hydrogen produced by nuclear-supplied heat and electricity to convert the syngas stream to methanol, which has many pathways for further processing into fuels, chemicals, and plastics. Specifically, this project focuses on non-fuel products for methanol pathways. The CO2 captured within the refinery model can also be combined with hydrogen to produce more chemical products and reduce CO2 emissions.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

DOE OSTI2023

Ocean Energy: Markets - Currency - Impact. Dimension of & Choices in the Technology Development Space: Preprint

This paper presents considerations of the employment of ocean wave energy to support different energy demand side applications. The key aspect in these considerations is the wave energy supported achievable positive impact and associated tangible contribution in service of common societal good and of the natural commons. The level of impact that can be delivered is dependent on both, the level of contribution of the supported energy use application, and the compatibility and unique suitability of the wave energy resource and its characteristics with the needs of the application. Thus, a variety of ocean wave energy markets, the key value indicators or "currency' in which these markets trade the value delivered and the achievable positive impact, are reflected upon. Ocean wave energy supported acquisition of high quality ocean system data across a wide spectrum of system properties is identified as a highly impactful application enabling and/or improving a comprehensive range of impactful ocean system activities. The technology development process towards these markets and desired impacts requires relevant technology development progress guidance and metrics. Going beyond technology readiness levels and technology performance levels, the notion of further technology development progress scales towards high impact and high contribution are proposed. These scales and the associated technology properties can be regarded as additional technology development dimensions to span-up the technology development space in which desired system capability and functional requirement choices and subsequent ideation, innovation, research and technology development decisions can and are to be made.

data market↗

NASA NTRS1995

Space-based Communications Infrastructure for Developing Countries

This study examines the potential use of satellites to augment the telecommunications infrastructure of developing countries with advanced satellites. The study investigated the potential market for using satellites in developing countries, the role of satellites in national information infractructures (NII), the technical feasibility of augmenting NIIs with satellites, and a nation's financial conditions necessary for procuring satellite systems. In addition, the study examined several technical areas including onboard processing, intersatellite links, frequency of operation, multibeam and active antennas, and advanced satellite technologies. The marketing portion of this study focused on three case studies: China, Brazil, and Mexico. These cases represent countries in various stages of telecommunication infrastructure development. The study concludes by defining the needs of developing countries for satellites, and recommends steps that both industry and NASA can take to improve the competitiveness of U.S. satellite manufacturing.

Barker, Keith↗

NASA NTRS1981

Cost goals

Cost goal activities for the point focusing parabolic dish program are reported. Cost goals involve three tasks: (1) determination of the value of the dish systems to potential users; (2) the cost targets of the dish system are set out; (3) the value side and cost side are integrated to provide information concerning the potential size of the market for parabolic dishes. The latter two activities are emphasized.

Hoag, J.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Potential benefits from a successful solar thermal program

Solar energy systems were investigated which complement nuclear and coal technologies as a means of reducing the U.S. dependence on imported petroleum. Solar Thermal Energy Systems (STES) represents an important category of solar energy technologies. STES can be utilized in a broad range of applications servicing a variety of economic sectors, and they can be deployed in both near-term and long-term markets. The net present value of the energy cost savings attributable to electric utility and IPH applications of STES were estimated for a variety of future energy cost scenarios and levels of R&D success. This analysis indicated that the expected net benefits of developing an STES option are significantly greater than the expected costs of completing the required R&D. In addition, transportable fuels and chemical feedstocks represent a substantial future potential market for STES. Due to the basic nature of this R&D activity, however, it is currently impossible to estimate the value of STES in these markets. Despite this fact, private investment in STES R&D is not anticipated due to the high level of uncertainty characterizing the expected payoffs.

Terasawa, K. L.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Solar thermal technologies - Potential benefits to U.S. utilities and industry

Terasawa, K. L.↗

DOE OSTI2024

Anomaly Detection and Mitigation for Dynamic Frequency Regulation in Hydropower-Battery Systems: Preprint

Hydropower operators and energy storage providers are increasingly interested in participating in frequency regulation services, driven by the incentives offered by independent system operators, such as the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland Interconnection (PJM), in a competitive electricity market. This transition, however, unfolds against the backdrop of a modernizing and rapidly digitizing power grid, exposing the integrated legacy infrastructure and vulnerable communication networks to a multitude of cybersecurity threats. These evolving threats not only endanger grid operations but also have the potential to trigger cascading disruptions across the broader grid network and influence regulation markets. This work presents an approach for developing an anomaly detection and mitigation system to address cybersecurity challenges during the participation of a hydropower-integrated battery energy storage system (BESS) in a frequency regulation market. The applied anomaly detector utilizes machine learning algorithms to provide detailed classification of cyber-physical events and provide a comprehensive situation awareness to grid operators. Later, the applied mitigation system triggers predefined corrective actions to minimize the impact of data integrity attacks on the regulation market and system stability. We evaluated the proposed approach on a fully active BESS topology using the slow regulation signal (Reg A) coming from the PJM market. Our simulation results reveal that the proposed approach performs well in detecting data integrity attacks within the allocated time frame and also minimizes the system's instability and economic loss during the participation of hydropower and BESS in the regulation market.

battery energy storage system↗

DOE OSTI2022

Flexible Plant Operation and Generation Technical Program Plan for FY2023

This report presents the Technical Program Plan for Fiscal Years 2023-2027 (FY2023 to FY2027) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program—Flexible Plant Operation and Generation Research Pathway. The objective of this pathway is to carry out the research needed to help nuclear power plants diversify revenue generation for the life of these plants. The purpose of these research and development activities is two fold: (1) to reduce the technical and economic risks of implementing FPOG applications and (2) to provide guidance on relevant safety and environmental operating license reviews, amendments, and renewals. This pathway provides a clear understanding of the benefits of nuclear energy beyond electricity markets. A detailed description of the research and development activities that have been completed and that are planned for FY2023—FY2027 are presented in this report. These activities include completing the development of analysis tools to perform technical and economic assessments of realistic market opportunities for producing secondary energy products near nuclear power plants. They also include developing and demonstrating engineering systems and control concepts to dispatch thermal and electrical power to an industrial user. Additionally, this plan includes developing guidance for addressing potential regulatory and licensing requirements. In addition, the formation, purpose, and activities of a group referred to as the Hydrogen Regulatory Research and Review Group is discussed. An overview is also provided on the potential benefits of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) Bill that will support the commencement of Regional Clean Hydrogen Hubs, and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) that provides compelling production tax credits for nuclear electricity and clean hydrogen using nuclear energy.

08 HYDROGEN↗

NASA NTRS2003

Enabling Sustainable Exploration through the Commercial Development of Space

The commercial development of space offers enabling benefits to space exploration. This paper examines how those benefits can be realized, and how the Space Product Development Office of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is taking the first steps towards opening the space frontier through vital and sustainable industrial development. The Space Product Development Office manages 15 Commercial Space Centers that partner with US industry to develop opportunities for commerce in space. This partnership directly benefits NASA exploration in four primary ways. First, by actively involving traditional and non-traditional companies in commercial space activities, it seeks and encourages to the maximum extent possible the fullest commercial use of space, as directed by NASA's charter. Second, the commercial research and technologies pursued and developed in the program often have direct applicability to NASA priority mission areas. This dual use strategy for research and technology has the potential to greatly expand what the NASA scientific community can do. Third, the commercial experiment hardware developed by the Commercial Space Centers and their industrial partners is available for use by NASA researchers in support of priority NASA research. By utilizing low cost and existing commercial hardware, essential NASA research can be more readily accomplished. Fourth, by assisting industry in understanding the use of the environment of space and in helping industry enhance the tools and technologies for NASA and commercial space systems, the market for commercial space utilization and the capability for meeting the future growing market needs is being developed. These two activities taken together form the beginning of a new space economy that will enable sustainable NASA exploration of the universe.

Nall, Mark↗

DOE OSTI2022

2020 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Market Report

This report features summaries of relevant hydrogen and fuel cell activity in 2020, consistent with prior annual reports across applications and sectors. However, 2020 was no ordinary year. Despite pandemic hardships, the hydrogen and fuel cell industry not only stepped up to assist with humanitarian and healthcare efforts but saw continued momentum in several growing market sectors with numerous partnerships, initiatives, and investments. Using hydrogen and fuel cell technologies to provide an environmental and economic pathway to clean, reliable power was a key feature of world economic recovery and energy infrastructure plans. Today, hydrogen energy and fuel cell systems are being developed and deployed in a range of stationary power, portable power, and transportation applications around the world. Throughout 2020, there were significant achievements in each sector, building on years of research and development (R&D), field testing, large-scale demonstration projects, and real-world customer experience. The heavy-duty truck market in particular continued to make substantial gains, with new players entering the space and a coalition of companies pledging to produce and deploy more than 100,000 fuel cell trucks in the next two decades. To provide hydrogen for trucks and other end users, larger and larger electrolyzer projects were announced throughout the year. Collectively, there were more than 430 megawatts (MW) of electrolyzer systems either deployed, ordered, or proposed around the world. This 2020 report also provides special “Spotlights” on the collective industry response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as international commitments and hydrogen strategies, providing overviews of significant activity during and after the initial onset of COVID-19 around the world.

08 HYDROGEN↗

NASA NTRS2017

Development of Extravehicular Visor Assembly (EVVA)

For the next generation of NASA's space suits, being able to enable an architecture for microgravity and planetary capabilities is required. To support these future missions, we will need exemplary support hardware to be designed, such as a new extravehicular visor assembly (EVVA). This EVVA will carry out its heritage mission of protecting the astronauts' eyes from harmful radiation, giving needed shade, and providing thermal protection, while also incorporating new designs that maximize overhead visibility and incorporate new technology. It will be designed to adapt with xEMU lite, a next-generation suit architecture Completed market research and literature reviews center dotSet up a NASA@Workchallenge "Incorporating Active TintableElectronic Coatings into Next Generation Space Suit Visor." center dotContacted Boeing and AlphaMicron to understand COTS solutions on the market and how they could be applied to the space suit design. oFound that there are many advantages to an active coating because of reduced mechanisms, an inherent dust tolerant design, and auto-sense capabilities. However, the COTS designs are not currently compatible with the xEMU lite form factor, the space environment, and the xEMU lite power requirement. COTS designs can also fail in the off/transparent state. center dotPursuing low TRL funding sources for future development for exploration EVA space suit Boeing 787

Davis, Kristine↗

DOE OSTI2024

High-Penetration Microgrids Providing Grid Stability Using Frequency Watt Control

The U.S. grid is rapidly transitioning towards utilizing inverter-based renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and batteries, reducing the carbon emission footprint. Inverter-based microgrid control architectures remain a critical focus to address power system stability issues in future high penetration markets lacking spinning generation assets. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is researching an active layered inverter based frequency-Watt control scheme that provides distribution level stability in high-penetration markets where grid inertia is lacking. Hardware in the loop case study was implemented using INL’s Microgrid Testbed to combat scalable frequency deviations ranging from 60 Hz down to 50 Hz initialized by a hydropower model implementing step loads using a 540-kW grid emulator. Our research findings demonstrate the importance of distribution level, inverter-based active frequency-Watt controls utilizing a battery energy storage system (BESS) to provide adequate frequency support at the point of common coupling without major power infrastructure upgrades.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

High Penetration Microgrids Providing Grid Stability Using Frequency-Watt Control Presentation

The U.S. grid is rapidly transitioning towards utilizing inverter-based renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and batteries, reducing the carbon emission footprint.Inverter-based microgrid control architectures remain a critical focus to address power system stability issues in future high penetration markets lacking spinning generation assets. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is researching an active layered inverter based frequency-Watt control scheme that provides distribution level stability in high-penetration markets where grid inertia is lacking. Hardware in the loop case study was implemented using INL’s Microgrid Testbed to combat scalable frequency deviations ranging from 60 Hz down to 50 Hz initialized by a hydropower model implementing step loads using a 540-kW grid emulator. Our research findings demonstrate the importance of distribution level, inverter-based active frequency-Watt controls utilizing a battery energy storage system (BESS) to provide adequate frequency support at the point of common coupling without major power infrastructure upgrades.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2021

Science Breakthroughs 2030. Final report

Agriculture is a fundamental societal activity, characterized by many different landscapes, crops, markets, and participants. Food, agricultural, and biofuels products are central to the daily life of all citizens, though most do not recognize the fragility of the environment that brings forth this abundance. As is noted in the 2012 report from the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, Agricultural Preparedness and the United States Agricultural Research Enterprise (PCAST, 2012) the food and agricultural system faces constant challenges in: Managing new pests, pathogens, and invasive plants. Increasing the efficiency of water use. Growing food in a changing climate. Reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture. Managing the production of bioenergy. Producing safe and nutritious food. Assisting with global food security and maintaining abundant yields. Science Breakthroughs 2030 was organized to identify the most compelling research directions in food and agriculture, in particular those empowered by the application of insights and tools from disciplines of science and engineering not typically associated with food and agricultural research. A committee appointed by the Chairman of the National Research Council explored ideas for research directions with input from the scientific community, with the objective of producing a report describing ambitious and achievable scientific pathways to address major problems and create new opportunities in food and agriculture. Following numerous meetings, a jamboree, and town hall, the appointed committee prepared a report that has subsequently become a reference for federal agencies supporting research in the food and agricultural space. It highlights five key areas for research investment with broad application across food and agriculture: integrated systems research; sensor development; data mining and information sciences, genomics; and the microbiome.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗