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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

First light from beam neutrinos on an LAPPD in ANNIE

The Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE) is both a physics experiment and a technology testbed for next-generation light-based neutrino detection. In this paper, we report the first demonstration of a fully integrated Large Area Picosecond Photodetector (LAPPD) operating in a running neutrino beam experiment. Particular focus is given to the design, commissioning, and successful deployment of the Packaged ANNIE LAPPD (PAL), a waterproof, self-triggering module incorporating fast waveform digitization and precision timing synchronized to the ANNIE detector subsystems. We identify beam-correlated LAPPD data frames consistent with charged-current neutrino interactions observed in multiple detector subsystems, establishing the first detection of neutrino-induced Cherenkov light with an LAPPD. These results validate the system-level performance of LAPPDs under realistic experimental conditions — including long-term stability, timing synchronization, and event matching with conventional PMT and muon detector systems — marking a critical step toward their deployment in future large-scale neutrino and particle detectors.

Cherenkov detectors↗
DOE OSTI2022

Design and Challenges of Edge Computing ASICs on Front-End Electronics

In situ or hardware-embedded data processing of raw signals, close to their source, in radiation detectors is expected to provide dramatic improvements in data quality and volumes. However, the implementation of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the front-end electronics, and the design of custom integrated circuits (ASICs), comes with challenges. In addition, detectors have to operate with limited power budget and implement complex functionalities in a very dense space. They often are exposed to extreme conditions as they work in high-radiation environments and/or cryogenic temperatures. This paper presents examples of applications and design methodologies for in-situ ANNs, along with the challenges of retaining the fidelity of the trained networks. For illustration, we use the problem of estimating the energy deposited by the radiation from digitized waveforms. The proposed implementation starts with an ML algorithm trained in Qkeras and eventually leads to an equivalent ASIC implementation. The associated design challenges in realizing energy and area efficient implementations in CMOS processes are reviewed. Novel approaches that employ hybrid technologies (combination of CMOS with memristors), in-memory computing models, and bio-inspired spiking neural networks are also highlighted

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2012

Study of Timing Properties of SiPMs at Fermilab

We continue our timing measurements of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) at the picosecond level at Fermilab .. We using SiPMs readout based on Ortec system, also as on fast waveform digitizer DRS4 [1]. SiPM's signal pulse shape was investigated. The single photoelectron time resolution (SPTR) was measured for the signals coming from the SiPM's. Dependence of the SPTR on the SiPms size was measured. Results of the last test beam test with SiPMs are presented.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2020

ADC Nonlinearity Correction for the Majorana Demonstrator

Imperfections in analog-to-digital conversion cannot be ignored when signal digitization requirements demand both wide dynamic range and high resolution, as is the case for the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR 76 Ge neutrinoless double beta decay search. Enabling the experiment's high-resolution spectral analysis and efficient pulse shape discrimination required careful measurement and correction of ADC nonlinearites. Here, a simple measurement protocol was developed that did not require sophisticated equipment or lengthy data taking campaigns. A slope-dependent hysteresis was observed and characterized. A correction applied to digitized waveforms prior to signal processing reduced the differential and integral nonlinearites by an order of magnitude, eliminating these as dominant contributions to the systematic energy uncertainty at the double-beta decay Q value.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2011

Component evaluation testing and analysis algorithms.

The Ground-Based Monitoring R&E Component Evaluation project performs testing on the hardware components that make up Seismic and Infrasound monitoring systems. The majority of the testing is focused on the Digital Waveform Recorder (DWR), Seismic Sensor, and Infrasound Sensor. In order to guarantee consistency, traceability, and visibility into the results of the testing process, it is necessary to document the test and analysis procedures that are in place. Other reports document the testing procedures that are in place (Kromer, 2007). This document serves to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysis and the algorithms that are applied to the Component Evaluation testing. A brief summary of each test is included to provide the context for the analysis that is to be performed.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2012

TALENT User's Manual

The Ground-Based Monitoring R and E Component Evaluation project performs testing on the hardware components that make up Seismic and Infrasound monitoring systems. The majority of the testing is focused on the Digital Waveform Recorder (DWR), Seismic Sensor, and Infrasound Sensor. The software tool used to capture and analyze the data collected from testing is called TALENT: Test and Analysis Evaluation Tool. This document is the manual for using TALENT. Other reports document the testing procedures that are in place (Kromer, 2007) and the algorithms employed in the test analysis (Merchant, 2011).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Progress in the Measurement of Prompt Neutron Output in Neutron-Induced Fission of 239 Pu: The Chi-Nu Project

Knowledge of the prompt neutron output from neutron-induced fission of 239 Pu is essential to nuclear defense and energy applications. Because the experimental data base is inadequate to constrain models of the spectrum of neutrons from fission, we have embarked on a multi-year program of new measurements of the prompt fission neutron spectrum as a function of the energy of the incident neutron that induces the fission. This is a joint LANL-LLNL project with participation by four university groups in advanced detector development. In the past year much progress has been achieved. The building housing the experiment has been completed and the flight paths including one for this experiment are now constructed. A parallel-plate avalanche counter (PPAC) containing 235 U is installed and working in the beam line. Neutron detectors for both low (<1 MeV) and high (> 0.5 MeV) neutrons have been assembled. The data acquisition system based on waveform digitizers has undergone extensive development and now can handle 10 PPAC channels and 10 neutron detectors simultaneously. In addition, a detector test station centered on a 252 Cf spontaneous fission chamber has been commissioned so that we can characterize our neutron detectors in a well understood experimental environment. Analysis of experiments at this facility has helped us understand the performance of several types of neutron detectors. In addition, the analysis work uncovered that the “standard” 252 Cf fission neutron spectrum in MCNPX disagrees significantly from that presently accepted by the international standards community. One year ago we submitted a report (LA-UR-11-05576) on the accuracies that could be reached under certain assumptions. Several sources of possible systematic uncertainties were identified, and procedures to control these uncertainties were suggested. This report is included as an appendix to this report. One element missing from these estimates was the contribution of backgrounds. It could not be quantified because, at that time, the building and flight path for the experiments had not been constructed. We now have made some measurements of the background and can now add this component to the accuracy projections. This report summarizes the progress in the past year. It also discusses measurements reported in the literature and some factors that should be considered when using these data to optimize parameters in nuclear model codes used in constructing evaluated nuclear data bases.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Design of the Cooling System of the Mu2e Electromagnetic Calorimeter at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

In this Thesis, the cooling of the electronics of the Mu2e calorimeter has been discussed. The analysed technical solutions for the cooling of the front-end boards, the waveform digitizers boards and the interface boards have been presented. The project of the crate has been showed in detail. It is placed in the outer surface of the calorimeter disk and it is a mechanical support for the boards and also part of the thermal circuit. The distributing system of the refrigerant fluid for the whole calorimeter has been analysed too. Then the manufacturing solutions of the crates and the components for the thermal path have been developed. At the end, the main experimental tests have been presented. They are going to be realized in the next months.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2018

Mu2e Calorimeter Readout System

• Mu2e waveform digitizer conceptually defined and designed • All relevant components chosen and tested individually both under radiation and magnetic field, with good results • Compatibility between Microsemi SoC and ADC (ADS4229) demonstrated • First digitizer prototype constructed: tests progressing smoothly • New prototype radiation tolerance tests planned at Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf in June 2018

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2024

ASIC Scoping Study Final Report

This report documents the results and findings of a one-year scoping study investigating multichannel readout application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) for interfacing to, and processing data from, silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays. We document ASIC desired and required specifications for four applications supporting national security mission areas: neutron radiography, associated particle imaging, and two versions of kinematic neutron imaging cameras. While each application has a few unique requirements that stress capability, there is generally good agreement among most. Two recently developed ASIC devices were evaluated in a system-like configuration by interfacing these to scintillator crystals exposed to gamma and neutron sources. The 64-channel ORNL device delivered functional capability while meeting most mission requirements for neutron radiography. The Nalu Scientific device, a 32-channel full waveform digitizer, did not demonstrate reliable neutron / gamma separation but it is unclear if this was an ASIC issue or problems with test setup or firmware. A literature survey of other commercial and academic ASICs was undertaken to with the conclusion that existing devices do not meet all requirements.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1971

Digital modulator

Digital modulator for reshaping partially degraded digital waveforms

Winkelstein, R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

One way Doppler Extractor. Volume 2: Digital VCO technique

A feasibility analysis and trade-offs for a one-way Doppler extractor using digital VCO techniques is presented. The method of Doppler measurement involves the use of a digital phase lock loop; once this loop is locked to the incoming signal, the precise frequency and hence the Doppler component can be determined directly from the contents of the digital control register. The only serious error source is due to internally generated noise. Techniques are presented for minimizing this error source and achieving an accuracy of 0.01 Hz in a one second averaging period. A number of digitally controlled oscillators were analyzed from a performance and complexity point of view. The most promising technique uses an arithmetic synthesizer as a digital waveform generator.

Nossen, E. J.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Pulsed multiwavelength laser ranging system

A pulsed multiwavelength laser ranging system for measuring atmospheric delay was built and tested, and its theoretical performance limits were calculated. The system uses a dye modelocked ND:YAG laser, which transmits 70 psec wide pulses simultaneously at 1064, 532, and 355 nm. The differential delay of the 1064 and 355 nm pulses is measured by a specially calibrated waveform digitizer to estimate the dry atmospheric delay. The delay time of the 532 nm pulse is used to measure the target distance. Static crossed field photomultipliers are used as detectors for all wavelengths. Theoretical analysis shows that path curvature and atmospheric turbulence are fundamental limits to the ranging accuracy of both single and multicolor systems operating over horizontal paths. For two color systems, an additional error is caused by the uncertainty in the path averaged water vapor. The standard deviation of the multicolor instrument's timing measurements is directly proportional to the laser pulse width plus photomultiplier jitter divided by the square root of the received photoelectron number. The prototype system's maximum range is km, which is limited by atmospheric and system transmission losses at 355 nm. System signal detection and false alarm calculations are also presented.

Abshire, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Multicolor laser altimeter for barometric measurements over the ocean - Experimental

Measurement theory and results from testing a breadboard multiwavelength (355-, 532- and 1064-nm) laser altimeter over horizontal paths are presented. They show that pressure accuracies of 3 mbar can be achieved when ranging at nadir to cube corner targets when using a 500-psec resolution waveform digitizer and utilizing new calibration techniques. Streak camera-based receivers will be required for the same or higher accuracies when ranging to the ocean surface. System design calculations for aircraft and spaceborne experiments are presented.

Abshire, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Embedded gage impact study

Impact damage in graphite/epoxy laminates was characterized and transient strain history during impact was correlated. The material investigated was AS-4/3501-6 graphite/epoxy. Eight-ply and sixteen-ply quasi-isotropic laminates of 45/0/-45/90 sub s and 45/0/-45/90 sub 2s layups were fabricated with strain gages embedded between plies during the strain gages and leads from the highly conductive graphite fibers. The specimens were circular plates 12.7 cm (5 in.) in diameter and clamped along their circumference. The specimens were impacted with a 185 gm impactor, dropped from heights of 1.20 m and 1.65 m. An accelerometer was attached to the back surface of the specimen opposite the impact point and was used to trigger the recording instrumentation. The transient strain data were recorded with an eight channel waveform digitizer capable of sampling data at 0.5 microsec intervals. The data were stored, processed, and plotted by means of a microcomputer. Transient strain data were correlated with results from ultrasonic inspection of the specimens.

Schramm, S. W.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Monopole search below the Parker limit with the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso

The MACRO detector approved for the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory in Italy will be the first capable of performing a definitive search for super-massive grand unified theory (GUT) monopoles at a level significantly below the Parker flux limit of 10 to the minus 15th power square centimeters Sr(-1) 5(-1). GUT monopoles will move at very low velocities (V approx. 0.001 c) relative to the Earth and a multifaceted detection technique is required to assume their unambiguous identification. Calculations of scintillator response to slow monopoles and measurements of scintillation efficiency for low energy protons have shown that bare monopoles and electrically charged monopoles moving at velocities as low as 5 x .0001 c will produce detectable scintillation signals. The time-of-flight between two thick (25 cm) liquid scintillation layers separated by 4.3m will be used in conjunction with waveform digitization of signals of extended duration in each thick scintillator to provide a redundant signature for slow penetrating particles. Limited streamer tubes filled with He and n-pentane will detect bare monopoles with velocities as low as 1 x 0.0001 c by exploiting monopole induced level mixing and the Penning effect.

Tarle, G.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Measuring the Interlaminar Shear Strengths of Composites

Acousto-ultrasonic technique utilizing computer and waveform digitizer developed for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of composite materials. Technique employed on filament-wound composite (FWC) specimens cut from sample segments of graphite/epoxy cylinders. Developed for use on large composite structures to verify integrity and assure reusability. Similar applications of technique anticipated for variety of composite structures, such as pipelines and storage tanks.

Kautz, Harold E.↗
NASA NTRS1986

The Geoscience Laser Altimetry/Ranging System (GLARS)

The Geoscience Laser Altimetry Ranging System (GLARS) is a highly precise distance measurement system to be used for making extremely accurate geodetic observations from a space platform. It combines the attributes of a pointable laser ranging system making observations to cube corner retroreflectors placed on the ground with those of a nadir looking laser altimeter making height observations to ground, ice sheet, and oceanic surfaces. In the ranging mode, centimeter-level precise baseline and station coordinate determinations will be made on grids consisting of 100 to 200 targets separated by distances from a few tens of kilometers to about 1000 km. These measurements will be used for studies of seismic zone crustal deformations and tectonic plate motions. Ranging measurements will also be made to a coarser, but globally distributed array of retroreflectors for both precise geodetic and orbit determination applications. In the altimetric mode, relative height determinations will be obtained with approximately decimeter vertical precision and 70 to 100 meter horizontal resolution. The height data will be used to study surface topography and roughness, ice sheet and lava flow thickness, and ocean dynamics. Waveform digitization will provide a measure of the vertical extent of topography within each footprint. The planned Earth Observing System is an attractive candidate platform for GLARS since the GLAR data can be used both for direct analyses and for highly precise orbit determination needed in the reduction of data from other sensors on the multi-instrument platform. (1064, 532, and 355 nm)Nd:YAG laser meets the performance specifications for the system.

Cohen, S. C.↗