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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS1981

Design requirements for SRB production control system. Volume 2: System requirements and conceptual description

In the development of the business system for the SRB automated production control system, special attention had to be paid to the unique environment posed by the space shuttle. The issues posed by this environment, and the means by which they were addressed, are reviewed. The change in management philosphy which will be required as NASA switches from one-of-a-kind launches to multiple launches is discussed. The implications of the assembly process on the business system are described. These issues include multiple missions, multiple locations and facilities, maintenance and refurbishment, multiple sources, and multiple contractors. The implications of these aspects on the automated production control system are reviewed including an assessment of the six major subsystems, as well as four other subsystem. Some general system requirements which flow through the entire business system are described.

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NASA NTRS2008

Development of COPVS for High pressure, In-Space, Cryogenic Fuel Storage

Polymeric composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) provide an attractive material system to support developing commercial launch business and alternate fuel ventures. However to be able to design with these materials, the mechanical behavior of the materials must be understood with regards to processing, performance, damage tolerance, and environment. For the storage of cryogenic propellants, it is important to evaluate the materials performance and impact damage resistance at cryogenic temperatures in order to minimize weight and to ensure safety and reliability. To evaluate the ultimate performance, various polymeric COPV's have been statically burst tested at cryogenic conditions before and after exposure to irradiation. Materials selected for these COPVs were based on the measured mechanical properties of candidate resin systems and fibers that were also tested at cryogenic conditions before and after exposure to irradiation. The correlation of COPV burst pressures with the constituent material properties has proven to be a valuable screening method for selection of suitable candidate materials with resistance to material degradation due to exposure to temperature and radiation.

DeLay, Tom↗

NASA NTRS2008

High Performance COPVs for In-Space Storage of High Pressure Cryogenic Fuels

Polymeric composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) provide an attractive material system to support developing commercial launch business and alternate fuel ventures. However to be able to design with these materials, the mechanical behavior of the materials must be understood with regards to processing, performance, damage tolerance, and environment. For the storage of cryogenic propellants, it is important to evaluate the materials performance and impact damage resistance at cryogenic temperatures in order to minimize weight and to ensure safety and reliability. As part of this study, material tests of candidate fiber and resin systems were used as the basis for the selection of the material combinations for evaluation in a COPV at cryogenic conditions. This comprehensive approach has also been expanded to address issues with impact damage tolerance and material degradation due to environmental factors. KEY WORDS: Cryogenic testing, evaluation and applications for pressure vessels, COPVs, tanks, or storage vessels.

Schneider, Judy↗

NASA NTRS2010

Systems Analyze Water Quality in Real Time

A water analyzer developed under Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contracts with Kennedy Space Center now monitors treatment processes at water and wastewater facilities around the world. Originally designed to provide real-time detection of nutrient levels in hydroponic solutions for growing plants in space, the ChemScan analyzer, produced by ASA Analytics Inc., of Waukesha, Wisconsin, utilizes spectrometry and chemometric algorithms to automatically analyze multiple parameters in the water treatment process with little need for maintenance, calibration, or operator intervention. The company has experienced a compound annual growth rate of 40 percent over its 15-year history as a direct result of the technology's success.

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NASA NTRS2013

NASA Funding Opportunities for Optical Fabrication and Testing Technology Development

NASA requires technologies to fabricate and test optical components to accomplish its highest priority science missions. The NRC ASTRO2010 Decadal Survey states that an advanced large-aperture UVOIR telescope is required to enable the next generation of compelling astrophysics and exo-planet science; and, that present technology is not mature enough to affordably build and launch any potential UVOIR mission concept. The NRC 2012 NASA Space Technology Roadmaps and Priorities Report states that the highest priority technology in which NASA should invest to 'Expand our understanding of Earth and the universe' is next generation X-ray and UVOIR telescopes. Each of the Astrophysics division Program Office Annual Technology Reports (PATR) identifies specific technology needs. NASA has a variety of programs to fund enabling technology development: SBIR (Small Business Innovative Research); the ROSES APRA and SAT programs (Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science; Astrophysics Research and Analysis program; Strategic Astrophysics Technology program); and several Office of the Chief Technologist (OCT) programs

Stahl, H. Philip↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Noise Reduction Trajectory Analysis of a Supersonic Business Jet using Novel Optimization Tools

Proposals to reduce airport noise during takeoff and landing for supersonic aircraft using methods such as variable noise reduction systems add complexity to conceptual flight models. To better optimize these takeoff and landing profiles for noise certification, new modeling methods are explored in this paper with the end goal of more effectively determining the sensitivities of airframe, propulsion, and mission design variables on overall airport noise. Takeoff and landing trajectories are modeled for a notional supersonic business jet concept developed by NASA for use in environmental impact studies conducted by the International Civil Aviation Organization. Optimization tools capable of gradient-based optimal control and collocation solving methods are examined with the aim of achieving faster solutions in a more comprehensive design space. The benefits and limitations of these new methods are compared with existing methods used in previous studies of the airplane concept. It is found that the new modeling methods match closely when compared with existing tools for a standard takeoff and landing case, with a cumulative effective perceived noise difference of 0.1 EPNdB. Comparisons between takeoff trajectories with a variable noise reduction system match within 0.8 EPNdB and 1.3 EPNdB, due to highlighted differences in the modeling approaches.

supersonic↗

NASA NTRS1994

Small Business Innovations

A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract resulted in a series of commercially available lasers, which have application in fiber optic communications, difference frequency generation, fiber optic sensing and general laboratory use. Developed under a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract, the Phase Doppler Particles Analyzer is a non-disruptive, highly accurate laser-based method of determining particle size, number density, trajectory, turbulence and other information about particles passing through a measurement probe volume. The system consists of an optical transmitter and receiver, signal processor and computer with data acquisition and analysis software. A variety of systems are offered for applications including spray characterization for paint, and agricultural and other sprays. The Microsizer, a related product, is used in medical equipment manufacturing and analysis of contained flows. High frequency components and subsystems produced by Millitech Corporation are marketed for both research and commercial use. These systems, which operate in the upper portion of the millimeter wave, resulted from a number of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) projects. By developing very high performance mixers and multipliers, the company has advanced the state of the art in sensitive receiver technology. Components are used in receivers and transceivers for monitoring chlorine monoxides, ozone, in plasma characterization and in material properties characterization.

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NASA NTRS2019

NASA Goddard Thermal Technology Overview 2019

This presentation summarizes the current plans and efforts at NASA/Goddard to develop new thermal control technology for anticipated future missions. It will also address some of the programmatic developments currently underway at NASA, especially with respect to the NASA Technology Development Program and will highlight some of the latest flight project activities at GSFC. While funding for basic technology development is still scarce, significant efforts are being made in direct support of flight programs. New technology development continues to be driven by the needs of future missions, and applications of these technologies to current Goddard programs will be addressed. Many of these technologies also have broad applicability to DOD, DOE, and commercial programs. Partnerships have been developed with the Air Force, Navy, and various universities to promote technology development. Technology development activities supported by the internal research and development (IRAD) program, the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) program, and other technology development programs are reviewed in this presentation. Specific technologies addressed include; micro-channel heat transfer, latest developments of electro-hydro-dynamically pumped systems, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), thermal control coatings, and various other research activities.

Butler, Dan↗

NASA NTRS1984

Financial issues for commercial space ventures: Paying for the dreams

Various financial issues involved in commercial space enterprise are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the materials processing area: the current state of business plan and financial developments, what is needed for enhanced probability of success of future materials development efforts in attracting financial backing, and finally, the risks involved in this entire business area.

Egan, J. J.↗

NASA NTRS2001

The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment

The Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) is a decision-support tool for traffic managers and air traffic controllers that provides traffic flow visualization and other flow management tools. TMA creates an efficiently sequenced and safely spaced schedule for arrival traffic that meets but does not exceed specified airspace system constraints. TMA is being deployed at selected facilities throughout the National Airspace System in the US as part of the FAA's Free Flight Phase 1 program. TMA development and testing, and its current deployment, focuses on managing the arrival capacity for single major airports within single terminal areas and single en route centers. The next phase of development for this technology is the expansion of the TMA capability to complex facilities in which a terminal area or airport is fed by multiple en route centers, thus creating a multicenter TMA functionality. The focus of the multi-center TMA (McTMA) development is on the busy facilities in the Northeast comdor of the US. This paper describes the planning and development of McTMA and the challenges associated with adapting a successful traffic flow management tool for a very complex airspace.

Lee, Katharine K.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Overview of Lightning Science at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is a recognized world leader in the science of lightning. To date, MSFC has led three space-based global lightning observing missions and has helped lead multiple suborbital field campaigns involving lightning observations. Recently, the MSFC Lightning Team is closing out the recently completed International Space Station Lightning Imaging Sensor (ISS LIS) mission, including developing a nearly three-decade global climatology of lightning from space. This work also includes integrating lightning observations with data from NASA precipitation missions. The Team is also busy analyzing data from a recent airborne field campaign that observed dozens of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) from intense tropical thunderstorms. Lightning Team members are also leaders in validation of the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) operated by NOAA, and in developing lightning safety applications and studying the relationship between lightning and wildfires. The Lightning Team also studies chemical production by lightning and contributes to the National Climate Assessment (NCA). Finally, the Lightning Team is busy developing the next generation of spaceborne lightning sensors to broaden our understanding of the relationships between lightning, weather, climate, and atmospheric composition.

Timothy Lang↗

NASA NTRS1995

Imaging System

The 1100C Virtual Window is based on technology developed under NASA Small Business Innovation (SBIR) contracts to Ames Research Center. For example, under one contract Dimension Technologies, Inc. developed a large autostereoscopic display for scientific visualization applications. The Virtual Window employs an innovative illumination system to deliver the depth and color of true 3D imaging. Its applications include surgery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans, viewing for teleoperated robots, training, and in aviation cockpit displays.

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NASA NTRS2003

Success Continues: NASA-Developed Plant Health Measurement Technology is Becoming Big Business for Illinois Company

Originally produced in 2001, sales of Spectrum Technologies' CM 1000 chlorophyll meter have now topped $290,000 on 140 units. Up-to-date sales figures for 2003 have shown an almost 50% increase over the combined sales totals of 2001 and 2002. The CM 1000 chlorophyll meter identifies the failing health of a plant based on the chlorophyll content of the plant up to 16 days before it is physically detectable by the human eye. Poor health, 'stress' in a plant, is a result of unfavorable growing conditions; lack of nutrients, insufficient water, disease or insect damage.

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NASA NTRS1999

Spaceport Support

Command and Control Technologies (CCT) Corporation of Titusville, Florida, a Florida/NASA Business Incubator tenant, is commercializing technology based on Kennedy Space Center's (KSC's) spacecraft ground processing program known as the Control Monitor Unit (CMU). The CMU was developed by engineers with NASA and McDonnell Douglas Space & Defense Systems at KSC to prepare the International Space Station elements for launch. CCT is significantly expanding the commercial capability of the product, called the Command and Control Toolkit(TM) (CCTK), according to Kevin Brown, CCT vice president for business development. In fact, CCT is the only U.S. firm specializing in launch vehicle control systems design and development for spaceports and new launch vehicle programs.

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NASA NTRS2002

Hydrogen Flame Imaging System Soars to New, Different Heights

When Judy and Dave Duncan of Auburn, Calif.-based Duncan Technologies Inc. (DTI) developed their color hydrogen flame imaging system in the early 1990's, their market prospects were limited. 'We talked about commercializing the technology in the hydrogen community, but we also looked at commercialization on a much broader aspect. While there were some hydrogen applications, the market was not large enough to suppport an entire company; also, safety issues were a concern,' said Judy Duncan, owner and CEO of Duncan Technologies. Using the basic technology developed under the Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR); DTI conducted market research, identified other applications, formulated a plan for next generation development, and implemented a far-reaching marketing strategy. 'We took that technology; reinvested our own funds and energy into a second-generation design on the overall camera electronics and deployed that basic technology intially in a series of what we call multi-spectral cameras; cameras that could image in both the visible range and the infrared,' explains Duncan. 'The SBIR program allowed us to develop the technology to do a 3CCD camera, which very few compaines in the world do, particularly not small companies. The fact that we designed our own prism and specked the coding as we had for the hydrogen application, we were able to create a custom spectral configuration which could support varying types of research and applications.' As a result, Duncan Technologies Inc. of Auburn, Ca., has achieved a milestone $ 1 million in sales.

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NASA NTRS2005

Ontology-Driven Information Integration

Ontology-driven information integration (ODII) is a method of computerized, automated sharing of information among specialists who have expertise in different domains and who are members of subdivisions of a large, complex enterprise (e.g., an engineering project, a government agency, or a business). In ODII, one uses rigorous mathematical techniques to develop computational models of engineering and/or business information and processes. These models are then used to develop software tools that support the reliable processing and exchange of information among the subdivisions of this enterprise or between this enterprise and other enterprises.

Tissot, Florence↗

NASA NTRS1987

Space market model development project

The objectives of the research program, Space Market Model Development Project, (Phase 1) were: (1) to study the need for business information in the commercial development of space; and (2) to propose a design for an information system to meet the identified needs. Three simultaneous research strategies were used in proceeding toward this goal: (1) to describe the space business information which currently exists; (2) to survey government and business representatives on the information they would like to have; and (3) to investigate the feasibility of generating new economical information about the space industry.

Bishop, Peter C.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

SBIR Space Weather R2O2R Technology Development and Commercial Applications

The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program provides U.S. small businesses of 500 or fewer employees with the opportunity for early-stage funding for research and development. Through NASA's Science Mission Directorate, the SBIR subtopic S14.01 Space Weather Research-to-Operations-to-Research (R2O2R) Technology Development and Commercial Applications supports high-priority space weather needs as outlined in the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (NSWSAP). There are four focus areas for which solutions are sought; these will be discussed (in no priority order): 1) space-weather forecasting technologies, techniques, and applications, 2) commercial and decision-making applications for space weather technologies, 3) space weather advanced data-driven discovery techniques, and 4) space-weather instrumentation.

Space weather↗