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Results for “SUPERGRAVITY”

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DOE OSTI2013

Affleck-Dine baryogenesis and inflation in supergravity with strongly stabilized moduli

Constructing models of inflation and/or baryogenesis in the context of N = 1 supergravity is known to be difficult as the finite energy density during inflation typically generates large (order the Hubble scale) mass terms. This is the well-known η problem in inflation. The same effect gives masses along low energy flat directions of the scalar potential thus potentially preventing Affleck-Dine baryogenesis to occur. It has been shown that adding a chiral multiplet S coupled to the inflaton (with a shift symmetry) can serve to stabilize the inflationary potential and allows one to derive simple inflationary potentials without an η problem. Here, we show that by coupling the same stabilizing field S to the flat direction, may naturally lead to a negative mass-squared contribution to the flat direction thus generating the necessarily large vacuum expectation value needed to realize Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. We trace the evolution of the inflaton, stabilizer, and flat direction field, as well as a Polonyi-like modulus responsible for soft supersymmetry breaking.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Supergravity inflation with broken shift symmetry and large tensor-to-scalar ratio

We propose a class of inflation models with potential V(φ) = αφ{sup n}exp(−β{sup m}φ{sup m}). We show that such kind of inflaton potentials can be realized in supergravity theory with a small shift symmetry breaking term in the K and quot;ahler potential. We find that the models with (m = 1,n = 1), (m = 1,n = 2), (m = 2,n = 1), and (m = 2,n = 3/2) can easily accommodate the Planck results. In particular, the tensor-to-scalar ratio is larger than 0.01 in the 1σ region. Thus, these models generate the typical large field inflation, and can be tested at the future Planck and QUBIC experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Induced-gravity inflation in no-scale supergravity and beyond

Supersymmetric versions of induced-gravity inflation are formulated within Supergravity (SUGRA) employing two gauge singlet chiral superfields. The proposed superpotential is uniquely determined by applying a continuous R and a discrete Z{sub n} symmetry. We select two types of logarithmic Kähler potentials, one associated with a no-scale-type SU(2,1)/SU(2)× U(1){sub R}×Z{sub n} Kähler manifold and one more generic. In both cases, imposing a lower bound on the parameter c{sub R} involved in the coupling between the inflaton and the Ricci scalar curvature — e.g. c{sub R}∼> 76, 105, 310 for n=2,3 and 6 respectively —, inflation can be attained even for subplanckian values of the inflaton while the corresponding effective theory respects the perturbative unitarity. In the case of no-scale SUGRA we show that, for every n, the inflationary observables remain unchanged and in agreement with the current data while the inflaton mass is predicted to be 3·10{sup 13} GeV. Beyond no-scale SUGRA the inflationary observables depend mildly on n and crucially on the coefficient involved in the fourth order term of the Kähler potential which mixes the inflaton with the accompanying non-inflaton field.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Superradiance and black hole bomb in five-dimensional minimal ungauged supergravity

We examine the black hole bomb model which consists of a rotating black hole of five-dimenensional minimal ungauged supergravity and a reflecting mirror around it. For low-frequency scalar perturbations, we find solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation in the near-horizon and far regions of the black hole spacetime. To avoid solutions with logarithmic terms, we assume that the orbital quantum number l takes on nearly, but not exactly, integer values and perform the matching of these solutions in an intermediate region. This allows us to calculate analytically the frequency spectrum of quasinormal modes, taking the limits as l approaches even or odd integers separately. We find that all l modes of scalar perturbations undergo negative damping in the regime of superradiance, resulting in exponential growth of their amplitudes. Thus, the model under consideration would exhibit the superradiant instability, eventually behaving as a black hole bomb in five dimensions.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2015

Does the first chaotic inflation model in supergravity provide the best fit to the Planck data?

I describe the first model of chaotic inflation in supergravity, which was proposed by Goncharov and the present author in 1983. The inflaton potential of this model has a plateau-type behavior V{sub 0}(1−(8/3) e{sup −√6|ϕ|}) at large values of the inflaton field. This model predicts n{sub s}=1−(2/N)≈0.967 and r=(4/(3N{sup 2}))≈4×10{sup −4}, in good agreement with the Planck data. I propose a slight generalization of this model, which allows to describe not only inflation but also dark energy and supersymmetry breaking.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2017

Low-mass neutralino dark matter in supergravity scenarios: phenomenology and naturalness

The latest experimental results from the LHC and dark matter (DM) searches suggest that the parameter space allowed in supersymmetric theories is subject to strong reductions. These bounds are especially constraining for scenarios entailing light DM particles. Previous studies have shown that light neutralino DM in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), with parameters defined at the electroweak scale, is still viable when the low energy spectrum of the model features light sleptons, in which case, the relic density constraint can be fulfilled. In view of this, we have investigated the viability of light neutralinos as DM candidates in the MSSM, with parameters defined at the grand unification scale. We have analysed the optimal choices of non-universalities in the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters for both, gauginos and scalars, in order to avoid the stringent experimental constraints. We show that light neutralinos, with a mass as low as 25 GeV, are viable in supergravity scenarios if the gaugino mass parameters at high energy are very non universal, while the scalar masses can remain of the same order. These scenarios typically predict a very small cross section of neutralinos off protons and neutrons, thereby being very challenging for direct detection experiments. However, a potential detection of smuons and selectrons at the LHC, together with a hypothetical discovery of a gamma-ray signal from neutralino annihilations in dwarf spheroidal galaxies could shed light on this kind of solutions. Finally, we have investigated the naturalness of these scenarios, taking into account all the potential sources of tuning. Besides the electroweak fine-tuning, we have found that the tuning to reproduce the correct DM relic abundance and that to match the measured Higgs mass can also be important when estimating the total degree of naturalness.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2018

On Partially Massless Supergravity

Here we investigate a possible supersymmetric extension for the massive gravity in the lowest non-trivial order. For this purpose we construct a cubic interaction vertex for massive spin-2 and massive spin-3/2 fields restricting ourselves with the terms containing no more than one derivative. In-particular, we look for the possibility to have a non-singular partially massless limit for spin-2 that would corresponds to the partially massless supergravity.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2018

Asymptotically-flat supergravity solutions deep inside the black-hole regime

Here we construct an infinite family of smooth asymptotically-flat supergravity solutions that have the same charges and angular momenta as general supersymmetric D1-D5-P black holes, but have no horizon. These solutions resemble the corresponding black hole to arbitrary accuracy outside of the horizon: they have asymptotically flat regions, AdS 3 ×S 3 throats and very-near-horizon AdS2 throats, which however end in a smooth cap rather than an event horizon. The angular momenta of the solutions are general, and in particular can take arbitrarily small values. Upon taking the AdS 3 ×S 3 decoupling limit, we identify the holographically-dual CFT states.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2016

$ \mathcal{N} $ = 2 supersymmetric Janus solutions and flows: From gauged supergravity to M theory

In this study, we investigate a family of SU(3)×U(1)×U(1)-invariant holographic flows and Janus solutions obtained from gauged $ \mathcal{N} $ = 8 supergravity in four dimensions. We give complete details of how to use the uplift formulae to obtain the corresponding solutions in M theory. While the flow solutions appear to be singular from the four-dimensional perspective, we find that the eleven-dimensional solutions are much better behaved and give rise to interesting new classes of compactification geometries that are smooth, up to orbifolds, in the infra-red limit. Our solutions involve new phases in which M2 branes polarize partially or even completely into M5 branes. We derive the eleven-dimensional supersymmetries and show that the eleven-dimensional equations of motion and BPS equations are indeed satisfied as a consequence of their four-dimensional counterparts. Apart from elucidating a whole new class of eleven-dimensional Janus and flow solutions, our work provides extensive and highly non-trivial tests of the recently-derived uplift formulae.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2016

Warped $AdS_6 × S^2$ in Type IIB supergravity I: local solutions

We investigate the existence of solutions with 16 residual supersymmetries to Type IIB supergravity on a space-time of the form $AdS_6×S^2$ warped over a two-dimensional Riemann surface $Σ$. The $SO(2,5)×SO(3)$ isometry extends to invariance under the exceptional Lie superalgebra $F$(4). In the present paper, we construct the general Ansatz compatible with these symmetries, derive the corresponding reduced BPS equations, and obtain their complete local solution in terms of two locally holomorphic functions $A_±$ on $Σ$, subject to certain positivity and regularity conditions. Globally, ($A_+,A_-$) are allowed to be multiple-valued on $Σ$ and be holomorphic sections of a holomorphic bundle over $Σ$ with structure group contained in $SU$(1,1)×C. Globally regular solutions are expected to provide the near-horizon geometry of (p,q) 5-brane and 7-brane webs which are holographic duals to five-dimensional conformal field theories. A preliminary analysis of the positivity and regularity conditions will be presented here, leaving the construction of globally regular solutions to a subsequent paper.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2018

The S matrix of 6D super Yang-Mills and maximal supergravity from rational maps

We present new formulas for n-particle tree-level scattering amplitudes of six-dimensional N = (1,1) super Yang-Mills (SYM) and N = (2,2) supergravity (SUGRA). They are written as integrals over the moduli space of certain rational maps localized on the (n – 3)! solutions of the scattering equations. Due to the properties of spinor-helicity variables in six dimensions, the even- n and odd- n formulas are quite different and have to be treated separately. We first propose a manifestly supersymmetric expression for the even- n amplitudes of N = (1,1) SYM theory and perform various consistency checks. By considering soft-gluon limits of the even- n amplitudes, we deduce the form of the rational maps and the integrand for n odd. The odd- n formulas obtained in this way have a new redundancy that is intertwined with the usual SL(2, C) invariance on the Riemann sphere. We also propose an alternative form of the formulas, analogous to the Witten-RSV formulation, and explore its relationship with the symplectic (or Lagrangian) Grassmannian. Since the amplitudes are formulated in a way that manifests double-copy properties, formulas for the six-dimensional N = (2,2) SUGRA amplitudes follow. Furthermore, these six-dimensional results allow us to deduce new formulas for five-dimensional SYM and SUGRA amplitudes, as well as massive amplitudes of four-dimensional N = 4 SYM on the Coulomb branch.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2020

Knitting wormholes by entanglement in supergravity

We construct a single-boundary wormhole geometry in type IIB supergravity by perturbing two stacks of N extremal D3-branes in the decoupling limit. The solution interpolates from a two-sided planar AdS-Schwarzschild geometry in the interior, through a harmonic two-center solution in the intermediate region, to an asymptotic AdS space. The construction involves a CPT twist in the gluing of the wormhole to the exterior throats that gives a global monodromy to some coordinates, while preserving orientability. The geometry has a dual interpretation in $\mathcal{N}$ = 4 SU(2N) Super Yang-Mills theory in terms of a Higgsed SU(2N) → S(U(N) x U(N)) theory in which $\mathcal{O}$(N 2 ) degrees of freedom in each SU(N) sector are entangled in an approximate thermofield double state at a temperature much colder than the Higgs scale. We argue that the solution can be made long-lived by appropriate choice of parameters, and comment on mechanisms for generating traversability. We also describe a construction of a double wormhole between two universes.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2021

Charge completeness and the massless charge lattice in F-theory models of supergravity

We prove that, for every 6D supergravity theory that has an F-theory description, the property of charge completeness for the connected component of the gauge group (meaning that all charges in the corresponding charge lattice are realized by massive or massless states in the theory) is equivalent to a standard assumption made in F-theory for how geometry encodes the global gauge theory by means of the Mordell-Weil group of the elliptic fibration. This result also holds in 4D F-theory constructions for the parts of the gauge group that come from sections and from 7-branes. We find that in many 6D F-theory models the full charge lattice of the theory is generated by massless charged states; this occurs for each gauge factor where the associated anomaly coefficient satisfies a simple positivity condition. We describe many of the cases where this massless charge sufficiency condition holds, as well as exceptions where the positivity condition fails, and analyze the related global structure of the gauge group and associated Mordell-Weil torsion in explicit F-theory models.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2021

Twisted Supergravity and Koszul Duality: A Case Study in AdS 3

In this note, we study a simplified variant of the familiar holographic duality between supergravity on AdS 3 × S 3 × T 4 and the SCFT (on the moduli space of) the symmetric orbifold theory Sym N (T 4 ) as N → ∞. This variant arises conjecturally from a twist proposed by the first author and Si Li. We recover a number of results concerning protected subsectors of the original duality working directly in the twisted bulk theory. Moreover, we identify the symmetry algebra arising in the N → ∞ limit of the twisted gravitational theory. Further, we emphasize the role of Koszul duality—a ubiquitous mathematical notion to which we provide a friendly introduction—in field theory and string theory. After illustrating the appearance of Koszul duality in the “toy” example of holomorphic Chern-Simons theory, we describe how (a deformation of) Koszul duality relates bulk and boundary operators in our twisted setup, and explain how one can compute algebra OPEs diagrammatically using this notion. Further details, results, and computations will appear in a companion paper.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2013

Starobinsky-like inflationary models as avatars of no-scale supergravity

Models of cosmological inflation resembling the Starobinsky R+R{sup 2} model emerge naturally among the effective potentials derived from no-scale SU(N,1)/SU(N) × U(1) supergravity when N > 1. We display several examples in the SU(2,1)/SU(2) × U(1) case, in which the inflaton may be identified with either a modulus field or a matter field. We discuss how the modulus field may be stabilized in models in which a matter field plays the rôle of the inflaton. We also discuss models that generalize the Starobinsky model but display different relations between the tilt in the spectrum of scalar density perturbations, n{sub s}, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, and the number of e-folds, N{sub *}. Finally, we discuss how such models can be probed by present and future CMB experiments.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2024

De-Higgsing in eleven-dimensional supergravity on the squashed S 7

Abstract In this paper we construct the subset of modes onS 7 that are relevant in the compactification of eleven-dimensional supergravity on a squashedS 7 when restricted to the sector that comprises singlets under the S p ( 1 ) × S p ( 2 ) isometry of the squashed sphere. Some of the properties of these modes, connected to the transition from the roundS 7 to the squashedS 7 , are analysed in detail. Special features of the Rarita–Schwinger operator, described in earlier work by Buchdahl, are explained and related to properties of the squashedS 7 operator spectrum obtained in previous work by the authors. We then discuss how the singlet modes give rise to supermultiplets in the left-squashed case, the phenomenon of de-Higgsing, and what happens to the AdS 4 fields in these supermultiplets under an orientation reversal (‘skew-whiffing’) of the squashedS 7 . Finally, we consider the possible choices of boundary conditions that appear for some of these fields in AdS 4 in the case of the right-squashed non-supersymmetric compactification, and how these choices may affect the stability of the gravity theory.

Physics↗

DOE OSTI2020

Two-loop n -point anomalous amplitudes in N=4 supergravity

We compute the anomalous two-loop four-point amplitudes in N=4 pure supergravity, using unitarity and the double-copy construction. Here, we also present all terms determined by four-dimensional cuts in two all-multiplicity two-loop anomalous superamplitudes. This result provides the first two-loop n-point gravity amplitude, up to a class of undetermined terms, which we determine completely at four points. We show that a recently proposed finite counterterm cancels these amplitudes to this order. We argue that the counterterm does not spoil the three-loop finiteness of anomalous amplitudes in the N=4 theory.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2020

Primordial black holes from no-scale supergravity

We calculate the primordial black hole abundance in the context of a Wess-Zumino type no-scale supergravity model. We modify the Kähler potential, by adding an extra exponential term. Using just one parameter in the context of this model, we are able to satisfy the Planck cosmological constraints for the spectral index n s , the tensor-to-scalar ratio r, and to produce up to ~ 20 % of the dark matter of the Universe in the form of primordial black holes.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗