SNAP-8 performance potential study Final report, 27 Jul. 1965 - 31 Dec. 1966
SNAP-8 electrical generating system performance
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SNAP-8 electrical generating system performance
Conditioning and steady state performance of SNAP-8 tube-in-shell mercury boiler
SNAP-10A high emittance white coating, noting stability at 600 degrees F, irradiation and vacuum and mechanical vibration
SNAP-8, nuclear electric power-conversion system /PCS/ designed for operation in space, using liquid metals as working fluids
Exposure to low indoor air temperature is a major contributor to temperature-related mortality during extreme cold events, especially when power outages disrupt operation of space heating systems. This study explores the impact of high-performance windows on the thermal resilience of residential buildings during extreme cold weather and grid power outages, as well as their long-term benefits through energy efficiency and reduced risk of property damage. Building performance simulations were conducted for reference residential buildings in three construction vintages and two major U.S. cities located in cold climate zones, considering two types of extreme cold events: short and severe, and long and milder. Our research found that even houses compliant with current energy codes struggle to maintain safe indoor temperatures for more than a few hours during power outages, necessitating rapid evacuations. High-performance windows can extend the thermal survivability time by up to 3.8 days within a 7-day cold snap and significantly reduce risk of bursting frozen water pipes, depending on the building’s insulation and infiltration level, cold event severity, and occupant vulnerability. This extended thermal safety time is crucial in scenarios where reduced mobility complicates emergency responses in senior housing. In addition to boosting thermal resilience, upgrading older homes with high-performance windows can reduce heating energy consumption by over 18% and cooling energy by 15%. Our findings highlight the need to incorporate thermal resilience assessments into new designs or major retrofits, including the use of typical and extreme weather scenarios and advanced technologies like high-performance windows.
Mission performance capabilities of ion engines powered by the 30 kw and 60 kw SNAP-8 power supplies are compared for the following missions: a 24-hr equatorial satellite, a 100 n mi lunar satellite, a 500 n mi Mars satellite, a Mercury probe, and an out-of-the-ecliptic probe. The capabilities of arc- jet engines and chemical engines for the same missions are compared with those of the ion engines. The majority of the comparisons are for 8500-lb spacecraft which are boosted into a 300 n mi orbit by the Atlas-Centaur. Variations in initial orbit altitude, the use of actual launch dates rather than dates based on simplifying assumptions, and the combined use of chemical and electrical propulsion systems were also evaluated in terms of their effect on mission performance.
Guidance perturbations for a low-thrust mars orbit mission using snap-8
Snap fasteners on each side of an electronic assembly rack blank panel give quick access to the interior. Guide pins extending from the inside face easily slip into standard screw holes on the frame and provide additional support.
Snap-50 powerplants for unmanned spacecraft propulsion
Meteoroid hazard data used for snap design from explorer xiii and xvi satellite observations
Turboelectric, nuclear, space power conversion system using mercury Rankine cycle - SNAP 8
Method of reducing snap in magnetic amplifiers uses a degenerative feedback circuit consisting of a resistor and a separate winding on a magnetic core. The feedback circuit extends amplifier range by allowing it to be used at lower values of output current.
SNAP 8 simulator using primary sodium-potassium loop, mercury loop operating on Rankine cycle, and heat rejection sodium-potassium loop
Primary loop transients during startup of Rankine cycle space power system in SNAP 8 simulator
Development and testing of double containment tantalum-stainless steel mercury boiler for SNAP 8 space power system
SNAP-8 systems design criteria, and assessment of major components comprising power conversion system