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At least 91 records · Page 5

X-ray emission from supergiant shells in the LMC

The mosaics of pointed Rosat Position Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC) observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) were used to study the X-ray characteristics of supergiant shells. Diffuse soft X-ray emission above the background was detected in all of the well-defined supergiant shells. The large range of X-ray properties can be explained by differential obscuration, temperature density differences, and localized heating by supernova remnants.

Bomans, D. J.↗

A XMM-Newton Observation of Nova LMC 1995, a Bright Supersoft X-ray Source

Nova LMC 1995, previously detected during 1995-1998 with ROSAT, was observed again as a luminous supersoft X-ray source with XMM-Newton in December of 2000. This nova offers the possibility to observe the spectrum of a hot white dwarf, burning hydrogen in a shell and not obscured by a wind or by nebular emission like in other supersoft X-ray sources. Notwithstanding uncertainties in the calibration of the EPIC instruments at energy E<0.5 keV, using atmospheric models in Non Local Thermonuclear Equilibrium we derived an effective temperature in the range 400,000-450,000 K, a bolometric luminosity Lbolabout equal to 2.3 times 10 sup37 erg s sup-l, and we verified that the abundance of carbon is not significantly enhanced in the X-rays emitting shell. The RGS grating spectra do not show emission lines (originated in a nebula or a wind) observed for some other supersoft X-ray sources. The crowded atmospheric absorption lines of the white dwarf cannot be not resolved. There is no hard component (expected from a wind, a surrounding nebula or an accretion disk), with no counts above the background at E>0.6 keV, and an upper limit Fx,hard = 10 sup-14 erg s sup-l cm sup-2 to the X-ray flux above this energy. The background corrected count rate measured by the EPIC instruments was variable on time scales of minutes and hours, but without the flares or sudden obscuration observed for other novae. The power spectrum shows a peak at 5.25 hours, possibly due to a modulation with the orbital period. We also briefly discuss the scenarios in which this nova may become a type Ia supernova progenitor.

Orio, Marina↗

Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae in the LMC

In FUSE cycle 2's program B001 we studied Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae (CSPN) in the Large Magellanic Could. All FUSE observations have been successfully completed and have been reduced, analyzed and published. The analysis and the results are summarized below. The FUSE data were reduced using the latest available version of the FUSE calibration pipeline (CALFUSE v2.2.2). The flux of these LMC post-AGB objects is at the threshold of FUSE's sensitivity, and thus special care in the background subtraction was needed during the reduction. Because of their faintness, the targets required many orbit-long exposures, each of which typically had low (target) count-rates. Each calibrated extracted sequence was checked for unacceptable count-rate variations (a sign of detector drift), misplaced extraction windows, and other anomalies. All the good calibrated exposures were combined using FUSE pipeline routines. The default FUSE pipeline attempts to model the background measured off-target and subtracts it from the target spectrum. We found that, for these faint objects, the background appeared to be over-estimated by this method, particularly at shorter wavelengths (i.e., < 1000 A). We therefore tried two other reductions. In the first method, subtraction of the measured background is turned off and and the background is taken to be the model scattered-light scaled by the exposure time. In the second one, the first few steps of the pipeline were run on the individual exposures (correcting for effects unique to each exposure such as Doppler shift, grating motions, etc). Then the photon lists from the individual exposures were combined, and the remaining steps of the pipeline run on the combined file. Thus, more total counts for both the target and background allowed for a better extraction.

Bianchi, Luciana↗

Discovery of Pulsation Dropout and Turn-on During the High State of the Accreting X-Ray Pulsar LMC X-4

Two Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) observations of the luminous X-ray pulsar LMC X-4 in2015 October and November captured several bright accretion flares from this source, which has a long history of stable pulse and superorbital behavior. We present a timing analysis of these data in which we detect a rapid pulse "turn-on" in association with the accretion flares, during which the source reaches super-Eddington luminosities.Pulsations, which are normally seen from this source, are found to only occur for approximately one hour before and during the bright flares. Beyond one hour before and after the flares, we find pulsations to be weak or nonexistent, with fractional rms amplitudes of less than 0.05. At the onset of the flare, the pulse profiles exhibit a phase shift of 0.25 cycles that could be associated with a change in the emission geometry. This increase in pulse strength occurring well before the flare cannot be explained by the propeller effect, and potentially offers a connection between the magnetic properties of pulsars that accrete close to their Eddington limits and ultraluminous X-ray pulsars.

Brumback, Mckinley C.↗

Modeling the Precession of the Warped Inner Accretion Disk in the Pulsars LMC X-4 and SMC X-1 with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton

We present a broad-band X-ray study of the effect of superorbital periods on X-ray spectra and pulse profiles in the neutron star X-ray binaries LMC X-4 and SMC X-1. These two sources display periodic or quasi-periodic variations in luminosity on the order of tens of days which are known to be superorbital, and are attributed to warped, precessing accretion disks. Using joint NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations that span a complete superorbital cycle, we examine the broad-band spectra of these sources and find the shape to be well described by an absorbed power law with a soft blackbody component. Changes in spectral shape and pulse profile shape are periodic with superorbital period, as expected from a precessing disk. We perform X-ray tomography using the changes in pulse profiles to model the geometry and kinematics of the inner accretion disk. Our simple beam and inner disk geometric model indicates that the long term changes in soft pulse shape and phase are consistent with reprocessed emission from a precessing inner disk.

Brumback, McKinley C.↗

The extreme LMC supergiant HD 38489 - An optical and ultraviolet study

Near-IR, optical, and UV observations covering the 1200-7000 A range are combined in the present study of the extremely luminous B star HD 38489 = S134, which is found to be an evolved B star of 80-90 solar masses and 70 solar radii, with a T(eff) of 25,000 K. Its mass loss, at 0.00001 solar masses/year, is comparable to that of galactic stars, and additional similarities are noted to stars of the Hubble-Sandage class and to the 6-20 range is suggested, and a model envelope is derived.

Shore, S. N.↗

Detection of a very bright source close to the LMC supernova SN 1987A

High angular resolution observations of the supernova in the Large Magellanic Cloud, SN 1987A, have revealed a bright source separated from the SN by approximately 60 mas with a magnitude difference of 2.7 at 656 nm (H-alpha). Speckle imaging techniques were applied to data recorded with the CfA two-dimensional photon counting detector on the CTIO 4 m telescope on March 25 and April 2 to allow measurements in H-alpha on both nights and at 533 nm and 450 nm on the second night. The nature of this object is as yet unknown, though it is almost certainly a phenomenon related to the SN.

Nisenson, P.↗

LMC clusters - Age calibration and age distribution revisited

The empirical age relation for star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud presented by Elson and Fall (1985) are reexamined using ages based only on main-sequence turnoffs. The present sample includes 57 clusters, 24 of which have color-magnitude diagrams published since 1985. The new calibration is very similar to that found previously, and the scatter in the relation corresponds to uncertainties of about a factor of 2 in age. The age distribution derived from the new calibration does not differ significantly from that derived in earlier work. It is compared with age distributions estimated by other authors for different samples of clusters, and the results are discussed.

Elson, Rebecca A.↗

The stellar content of LH 9 and 10 (N11) in the LMC - A case for sequential star formation

The young OB associations Lucke-Hodge 9 and 10 are studied with UBV photometry that is independent of reddening to determine the IMF directly from star counts. The temperature and reddening of the stars are determined which, in conjunction with the spectroscopic classification of the earliest stars, is employed to place the stellar groups on the theoretical H-R diagram. Observations are also presented of the highly compact H II region/knot N11A and the multiple system HD 32228, and LH 9 and 10 are compared. The Lyman ionizing flux calculated at 4.9-7.2 x 10 exp 50/s agrees well with flux required to generate the H-alpha luminosity of the H II region. LH 10 has a much flatter slope, a higher ratio of higher-mass to lower-mass stars, and greater reddening than LH 9, and LH 10 contains all of the O stars earlier than O6. It is concluded that LH 9 is older than LH 10 and probably contributed to the initiation of star formation in LH 10.

Parker, Joel WM.↗

Stellar population of NGC 1850 in the LMC

Observations of the globular cluster NGC 1850 taken with the HST Wide Field Camera are used to constrain the stellar population of this member of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Three exposures were obtained for each band at exposure times of 10, 100, and 1100 seconds, and the longest exposure was halved to minimize the effects of cosmic noise and the saturation of bright objects. A total of about 12,000 stars with magnitudes of 14-24 and masses of 0.8-13 solar mass are measured, and the age of NGC 1850 is given at approximately 25 million years.

Gilmozzi, Roberto↗

The changing spectrum of the LMC planetary N66

Recent spectroscopy and photometry of the planetary nebula N66 (SMP 83) in the Large Magellanic Cloud show a continuing evolution, with a central WR spectrum becoming more visible. The planetary nebula shell and Wolf-Rayet (WR) star have velocities which differ by approximately 240 km/s. Properties of this interesting object are reviewed, and we discuss its possible X-ray detection by ROSAT.

Cowley, A. P.↗

FUSE Observations of LMC and SMC 03-4 Stars: Physical Parameters of the Hottest Stars

The goal of the project is to analyze the spectra of the most massive stars in our neighbor Galaxies, to determine the physical parameters of temperature, mass, gravity, and Luminosity, together with the stellar wind properties. For this purpose, FUSE spectra, HST spectra (uv and optical) and high quality optical spectra obtained with ground-based telescopes need to be analyzed wing modern NLTE model atmosphere techniques. The combination of the use of spectra from different wavelength regions is a fundamental aspect of the project. Each spectral domain adds complementary important to the process of the spectral analysis. In this way the comparison of stellar properties between galaxies of different metallicity will become more significant.

Kudrtizki, Rolf-Peter↗

A New, Low Braking Index for the LMC Pulsar B0540-69

We report the results of a 16-month monitoring campaign using the Swift satellite of PSR 0540, a young pulsar in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Phase connection was maintained throughout the campaign so that a reliable ephemeris could be determined, and the length of the campaign is adequate to accurately determine the spin frequency and its first and second derivatives. The braking index n is 0.031 +/- 0.013 (90% confidence), a value much lower than previously reported for 0 540 and almost all other young pulsars. We use data from the extensive monitoring campaign with RXTE to showt hat timing noise is unlikely to significantly affect the measurement. This is the first measurement of the braking index in the pulsars recently discovered high spin-down state. We discuss possible mechanisms for producing the low braking index.

pulsars individual (PSR B0540−69)↗

Imagery and UV Spectroscopy of the LMC Supernova Remnant N103B Using HST

We present Hubble Space Telescope(HST)/Wide Field Camera 3 multiband imagery of N103B, which is the remnant of a SN Ia in the Large Magellanic Cloud, as well as HST/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph(COS)ultraviolet spectroscopy of the brightest radiatively shocked region. The images show a wide range of morphology and relative emission-line intensities, from smooth Balmer-line dominated collisionless shocks that are due to the primary blast wave to clumpy radiative shock filaments that are due to secondary shocks in density enhancements. The COS data show strong FUV line emissions, despite a moderately high extinction along this line of sight. We use the COS data with previous optical spectra to constrain the shock conditions, we refine the abundance analysis, and we find abundances that are typical of the local interstellar medium within the uncertainties. Under an assumption that the material being shocked was shed from the pre-supernova system, this finding places constraints on any significant enrichment in that material, and thus on the non-degenerate star in what was presumably a single-degenerate SN Ia.

William P. Blair↗

A Study of Photoionized Gas in Two H װ Regions of the N44 Complex in the LMC Using MUSE Observations

We use the optical integral field observations with Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope, together with CLOUDY photoionization models, to study ionization structure and physical conditions of two luminous H װ regions in the N44 star-forming complex of the Large Magellanic Cloud. The spectral maps of various emission lines reveal a stratified ionization geometry in N44 D1. The spatial distribution of [O ו] λ6300 emission in N44 D1 indicates a partially covered ionization front at the outer boundary of the H װ region. These observations reveal that N44 D1 is a blister H װ region. The [O ו] λ6300 emission in N44 C does not provide a well-defined ionization front at the boundary, while patches of [S װ] λ6717 and [O ו] λ6300 emission bars are found in the interior. The results of spatially resolved MUSE spectra are tested with the photoionization models for the first time in these H װ regions. A spherically symmetric ionization-bounded model with a partial covering factor, which is appropriate for a blister H װ region, can well reproduce the observed geometry and most of the diagnostic line ratios in N44 D1. Similarly, in N44 C we apply a low-density and optically thin model based on the observational signatures. Our modeling results show that the ionization structure and physical conditions of N44 D1 are mainly determined by the radiation from an O5 V star. However, local X-rays, possibly from supernovae or stellar wind, play a key role. In N44 C, the main contribution is from three ionizing stars.

H II regions↗